Investigating societal responses toward climate pulsations, this book explores environmental challenges through a timeframe of climate pulsations and response patterns in different civilizations. This "societal-climate-society" approach helps to establish the relationship between climate and civilization. It argues that history is a collection of repeated decisions toward challenges in different climate cycles. As an application of Darwinian evolutionary theory on human societies, Ellsworth Huntington's theory of climate pulsation is modified and tailored to explain Samuel Huntington's theory of the clash of civilizations, which discloses the invisible hand behind war and peace.
Originally trained as a fire protection engineer at the University of Maryland (USA), Tingguang Ma researches and teaches in the field of gas flammability and fire dynamics. However, in order to explore the role of fire service on civilization, he studied community fires and their climatic backgrounds. Treating conflagrations as societal responses toward climate shocks, his theory of climate pulsations provides a window to understand the environmental causes behind innovations and reforms. He is the author of five books.
