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E-grāmata: Quakers, Jews, and Science: Religious Responses to Modernity and the Sciences in Britain, 1650-1900

(Professor of the History of Science, University of Leeds)
  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 22-Sep-2005
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780191534898
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  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 22-Sep-2005
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780191534898

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How do science and religion interact? This study examines the ways in which two minorities in Britain - the Quaker and Anglo-Jewish communities - engaged with science. Drawing on a wealth of documentary material, much of which has not been analysed by previous historians, Geoffrey Cantor charts the participation of Quakers and Jews in many different aspects of science: scientific research, science education, science-related careers, and scientific institutions. The responses of both communities to the challenge of modernity posed by innovative scientific theories, such as the Newtonian worldview and Darwin's theory of evolution, are of central interest.

Recenzijas

...a fascinating picture of the interactions and interrelations of science and religion in a way that has been rarely explored. For the nuances and varying facets of this intriguing history, the reader is advised to read the book. * Ruth Watts Quaker Studies * Cantor's book is a masterly piece of research. There can be no doubt that it will stand the test of time as a definitive account of Quaker and Jewish views of science. There is a dizzying variety of sources, and particularly strong use of the periodical press. This counts as an important intervention in the study of science and religion. * Sujit Sivasundaram, Nuncius * excellent new book...Cantor skilfully reveals the role of religious communities in shaping attitudes towards science and scientific practice, constantly demonstrating the importance of local contexts and contingencies...I enthusiastically recommend Quakers, Jews, and Science not only to historians of the particular subject matter, but to all those interested in the broad questions of the interaction of science and local culture. * Matthew Stanley, BJHS * [ Cantor] has opened a new way of viewing the history of science and religion - as a single symphony, with unexpected harmonies. * Roy MacLeod, The English Historical Review * Cantor has provided an invaluable contribution towards achieving a proper historical understanding of science in its relationship to religion. * Frank A. J. L. James, THES * Here is a book to make us think about the members of minority religious communities who took an interest in science during its formative decades...[ an] important book * The Friend *

List of Illustrations ix
List of Abbreviations and Conventions x
A Note on Dates xii
1 Introduction: Science in 'Dissenting' Religious Communities
1(18)
1.1 Scope of this study
12(7)
2 Two Communities
19(25)
2.1 The Quaker community
20(10)
2.2 The Anglo-Jewish community
30(14)
3 Education and Careers
44(58)
3.1 Schools
46(17)
3.2 Medical education
63(12)
3.3 The University of London
75(7)
3.4 Cambridge and Oxford
82(13)
3.5 Scientific and science-related careers
95(7)
4 Scientific Institutions
102(57)
4.1 Quakers and Jews in the Royal Society
104(22)
4.2 The British Association for the Advancement of Science
126(7)
4.3 The Aborigines' Protection Society and the Ethnological Society
133(5)
4.4 Quaker cultural and scientific organizations
138(4)
4.5 Jews' and General Literary and Scientific Institution
142(5)
4.6 The Great Exhibition
147(12)
5 Trajectories in Science
159(66)
5.1 Wealthy amateurs: science among the Quaker and Jewish elites
159(11)
5.2 Traders: Peter Collinson and Emanuel Mendes da Costa
170(6)
5.3 Travellers: James Backhouse and Moses Montefiore
176(4)
5.4 Jewish Newtonians
180(6)
5.5 Cumbrian Quaker astronomers and meteorologists
186(11)
5.6 Engineers and entrepreneurs: the Samuda Brothers and Charles May
197(6)
5.7 Industry and science: Robert Were Fox
203(5)
5.8 Science/technical educators: Priscilla Wakefield and Ellis Davidson
208(7)
5.9 Social statisticians: John S. Rowntree and Joseph Jacobs
215(10)
6 Quaker Attitudes and Practices
225(23)
6.1 The science of Dissent
226(7)
6.2 The Inner Light and the study of nature
233(9)
6.3 Dangers posed by science
242(6)
7 Quaker Responses to Evolution
248(41)
7.1 Quaker assessments of evolution
249(21)
7.2 Responses to evolution by Quaker scientists
270(19)
8 Jewish Attitudes and Practices
289(32)
8.1 Science and ritual
290(11)
8.2 Mosaic science
301(7)
8.3 Physico-theology
308(6)
8.4 Scientific method
314(7)
9 Jewish Responses to Evolution
321(25)
9.1 Positioning Anglo-Jewry with respect to mid-Victorian science
321(6)
9.2 Jewish assessments of evolution
327(9)
9.3 The rise of Liberal Judaism
336(4)
9.4 A robust Jewish Darwinian: Raphael Meldola
340(6)
10 Historical Comparisons and Historiographical Reflections 346(12)
Appendix 1 Who is to count as a Quaker or as a Jew? 358(3)
Appendix 2 Oath and Affirmation used at graduation ceremony at Edinburgh University 361(2)
Appendix 3 Quaker and Jewish Fellows of the Royal Society of London 363(3)
Bibliography 366(33)
Index 399


Geoffrey Cantor is Professor of the History of Science, University of Leeds.