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RCSI Handbook of Clinical Surgery for Finals 5th edition [Mīkstie vāki]

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Edited by (Head of School of Medicine and Professor of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland), Edited by
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 412 pages, height x width: 210x148 mm, weight: 660 g, 106 Tables, black and white; 86 Line drawings, color; 33 Line drawings, black and white; 44 Halftones, color; 28 Halftones, black and white; 130 Illustrations, color; 61 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 23-Dec-2021
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 1032074949
  • ISBN-13: 9781032074948
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RCSI Handbook of Clinical Surgery for Finals 5th editionPalielināt
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 412 pages, height x width: 210x148 mm, weight: 660 g, 106 Tables, black and white; 86 Line drawings, color; 33 Line drawings, black and white; 44 Halftones, color; 28 Halftones, black and white; 130 Illustrations, color; 61 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 23-Dec-2021
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 1032074949
  • ISBN-13: 9781032074948
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Speciālā piedāvājuma visas grāmatas: Taylor & Francis izdevniecība piedāvā populāras grāmatas par ISE (International Student Edition) cenām
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9781032074948.html
Keywords:
Developed over previous editions by the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland to support students attending the three RCSI universities, this convenient handbook provides pragmatic guidance to the principles and practice of surgery that students can expect to encounter during undergraduate studies.

Spanning the full range of surgical specialties, information is presented in a convenient and clinically relevant format that takes the students through the patient journey from presenting symptoms and aetiology to investigations, management and follow-up. The text, written as easy-to-read and easy-to-remember bullet lists, is supplemented throughout by tables, management algorithms and colour illustrations.

Key Features:

Concise specifically for the undergraduate medical student by a highly experienced team of surgical educators

Accessible bullet text ideal for rapid reference

Flexible for use when on the ward and during finals revision

Complete - print book supplemented by video clips, online question and answer material and an image library for the full learning and revision package

Thoroughly updated, this fifth edition has enhanced pedagogy and, for the first time, is accompanied by video clips and questions for self-testing. Covering the core surgical knowledge needed to become a safe and competent doctor, the book will be an invaluable companion for clinical placements and during the critical run-up to final examinations.
Preface xxxiii
Acknowledgements xxxv
Disclaimer xxxvii
List of Contributors xxxix
Eponymous Microvignette xli
Chapter 1 Principles Of Surgery 1(30)
History Taking-Common Surgical Symptoms
3(2)
Introduction
3(1)
Presenting complaint
3(1)
History of presenting complaint-pain
3(1)
Past medical history
4(1)
Drug history
4(1)
Allergies
4(1)
Family history
4(1)
Social history
4(1)
Systems review
5(1)
Summary
5(1)
Upper GI Symptoms
5(1)
Dyspepsia
5(1)
Dysphagia
5(1)
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)/heartburn
5(1)
Haematemesis
5(1)
Lower GI Symptoms
6(1)
Altered bowel habit
6(1)
Rectal bleeding
6(1)
Tenesmus
6(1)
Hepatobiliary Symptoms
6(1)
Jaundice
6(1)
Peripheral Arterial Disease Symptoms
6(1)
Claudication
6(1)
Rest pain
6(1)
Urology Symptoms
7(1)
Dysuria
7(1)
Haematuria
7(1)
Differential Diagnosis of the Acute Abdomen
7(9)
Key points
7(1)
Differential diagnosis of epigastric pain
7(4)
Differential diagnosis of right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain
11(1)
Differential diagnosis of LUQ pain
11(1)
Differential diagnosis of umbilical pain
12(1)
Differential diagnosis of right/left flank pain
12(1)
Differential diagnosis of diffuse abdominal pain
12(1)
Differential diagnosis of right iliac fossa (RIF) pain
12(2)
Differential diagnosis of left iliac fossa (LIF) pain
14(1)
Differential diagnosis of suprapubic pain
14(2)
Surgical Incisions/Scars
16(1)
Drains
17(1)
Key points
17(1)
Complications
17(1)
Types of drains
18(1)
Nutrition in Surgical Patients
18(3)
Key points
18(1)
Poor nutrition leads to the following
18(1)
Body mass index (BMI)
18(1)
Types of nutritional support
19(2)
Medications in Surgery
21(2)
Pre-operative drug alterations
21(1)
Patients on warfarin
21(1)
Reversing warfarin
22(1)
Fluids in Surgical Patients
23(4)
Common indications
23(1)
Assessing fluid balance
23(1)
Fluid requirements
24(1)
Fluid compartments
24(1)
Fluid types
24(2)
Fluid challenge
26(1)
Special circumstances
26(1)
Special surgical circumstances
26(1)
Administration of blood products
27(1)
Sepsis
27(4)
Diagnosis of sepsis
27(1)
Adjunctive investigations
28(1)
Severe sepsis management
28(1)
Septic shock
28(1)
Management of septic shock
29(2)
Chapter 2 Hernias 31(12)
General Principles
33(1)
Definition
33(1)
Incidence (relative)
33(1)
Uncommon hernia types
33(1)
General pathology
34(1)
Inguinal Hernia
34(4)
Epidemiology
34(1)
Types of inguinal hernia
35(1)
Surgical anatomy
36(1)
Clinical presentation
37(1)
Differential diagnosis
37(1)
Investigations
37(1)
Management
37(1)
Complications of inguinal hernia repair
38(1)
Femoral Hernia
38(2)
Epidemiology
38(1)
Surgical anatomy
39(1)
Clinical features
39(1)
Differential diagnosis
39(1)
Management
39(1)
Umbilical Hernia
40(1)
Aetiology
40(1)
Types of umbilical hernia
40(1)
Management
40(1)
Incisional Hernia
40(1)
Aetiology
40(1)
Clinical presentation
41(1)
Management
41(1)
Spigelian Hernia
41(1)
Key points
41(1)
Obturator Hernia
42(1)
Key points
42(1)
Chapter 3 Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery 43(26)
Benign Oesophageal Disorders
45(1)
Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease (GORD)
45(1)
Definition
45(1)
Key facts
45(1)
Epidemiology
45(1)
Risk factors
45(1)
Pathophysiology
45(1)
Clinical features
45(1)
Investigations
45(1)
Management
46(1)
Complications
46(1)
Barrett's Oesophagus
46(1)
Definition
46(1)
Aetiology
47(1)
Management
47(1)
Hiatus Hernia
47(3)
Definition
47(1)
Key facts
48(1)
Investigations
48(1)
Management
49(1)
Complications of hiatus hernia
49(1)
Peptic Ulcer Disease
50(3)
Definition
50(1)
Key facts
50(1)
Aetiology
50(1)
Clinical features
50(1)
Investigations
51(1)
Management
51(1)
Complications
51(1)
Managing complications of peptic ulcer disease
52(1)
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
53(2)
Definition
53(1)
Key facts
53(1)
Clinical presentation
53(1)
Physical exam
53(1)
Investigations
54(1)
Management of unstable upper GI bleed
54(1)
Rockall score
55(1)
Dysphagia and Odynophagia
55(2)
Definition
55(1)
Causes of dysphagia
55(1)
Causes of odynophagia
56(1)
Oesophageal Motility Disorders
57(1)
Primary
57(1)
Secondary
57(1)
Achalasia
57(2)
Definition
57(1)
Key facts
58(1)
Epidemiology
58(1)
Pathogenesis and aetiology
58(1)
Investigations
58(1)
Complications
59(1)
Management
59(1)
Diffuse Oesophageal Spasm
59(1)
Presentation
59(1)
Investigations
59(1)
Management
59(1)
Chagas Disease
59(1)
Definition
59(1)
Key facts
59(1)
Scleroderma and Oesophageal Dysmotility
60(1)
Key points
60(1)
Oesophageal Cancer
60(3)
Key facts
60(1)
Adenocarcinoma
60(1)
SCC
60(1)
Clinical features
61(1)
Investigations
61(1)
Management
62(1)
Gastric Cancer
63(3)
Key facts
63(1)
Classification and aetiology
63(1)
Pathophysiology
63(1)
Risk factors for adenocarcinoma
64(1)
Investigations
64(1)
Management
64(1)
Partial/total gastrectomy complications
65(1)
Prognosis
66(1)
Consent for Oesophago-Gastro-Duodenoscopy
66(3)
Explain to patient what the procedure involves
66(1)
Intravenous sedation used
67(1)
Preparation for the OGD
67(1)
Risks associated with OGD
67(2)
Chapter 4 Hepatobiliary Surgery 69(30)
Jaundice
71(5)
Definition
71(1)
Aetiology
71(1)
Pathophysiology
71(2)
Differential diagnosis
73(1)
Investigations
73(2)
Management
75(1)
Prognosis
76(1)
Gallstone Disease
76(2)
Key facts
76(1)
Aetiology
76(1)
Pathophysiology of gallstones
76(2)
Asymptomatic Gallstones
78(1)
Key points
78(1)
Biliary Colic
78(1)
Pathogenesis
78(1)
Clinical features
78(1)
Investigations
79(1)
Management
79(1)
Acute Cholecystitis
79(2)
Definition
79(1)
Pathophysiology
80(1)
Clinical presentation
80(1)
Investigations
80(1)
Management
80(1)
Gallbladder Empyema
81(1)
Definition
81(1)
Presentation
81(1)
Investigations
81(1)
Management
82(1)
Gangrene of the Gallbladder
82(1)
Presentation
82(1)
Diagnosis
82(1)
Management
82(1)
Perforated Gallbladder
82(1)
Clinical presentation
82(1)
Investigations
83(1)
Management
83(1)
Chronic Cholecystitis
83(1)
Presentation
83(1)
Investigations
83(1)
Management
83(1)
Complications
83(1)
Mucocoele
83(1)
Aetiology
83(1)
Presentation
84(1)
Management
84(1)
Gallstone Ileus
84(1)
Aetiology
84(1)
Clinical presentation
84(1)
Diagnosis
84(1)
Treatment
84(1)
Obstructive Jaundice
84(1)
Pathophysiology
84(1)
Clinical presentation
85(1)
Diagnosis
85(1)
Management
85(1)
Ascending Cholangitis
85(2)
Definition
85(1)
Aetiology
85(1)
Pathophysiology
85(1)
Clinical presentation
86(1)
Investigations
86(1)
Treatment
86(1)
Prognosis
87(1)
Acute Pancreatitis
87(5)
Definition
87(1)
Key facts
87(1)
Aetiology
87(1)
Pathophysiology
88(1)
Clinical presentation
88(1)
Differential diagnosis
88(1)
Investigations
89(1)
Risk scoring
89(1)
Complications
90(1)
Management
91(1)
Prognosis
92(1)
Chronic Pancreatitis
92(3)
Definition
92(1)
Key facts
92(1)
Aetiology
92(1)
Pathophysiology
93(1)
Differential diagnosis
93(1)
Investigations
93(1)
Management
94(1)
Prognosis
95(1)
Pancreatic Cancer
95(4)
Key points
95(1)
Aetiology
95(1)
Pathophysiology
95(1)
Differential diagnosis
96(1)
Investigations
96(1)
Management
96(1)
Prognosis
97(2)
Chapter 5 Colorectal Surgery 99(34)
Acute Appendicitis
101(3)
Key facts
101(1)
Pathophysiology
101(1)
Clinical features
101(1)
Special tests
102(1)
Differential diagnosis
102(1)
Investigations
102(1)
Appendicitis scoring system-Alvarado score
103(1)
Management
103(1)
Complications of acute appendicitis
104(1)
Carcinoid tumour of the appendix
104(1)
Diverticular Disease
104(4)
Definition
104(1)
Key facts
104(1)
Epidemiology
104(1)
Aetiology
105(1)
Clinical presentation
105(1)
Complications
105(1)
Pericolic/paracolic abscess
105(1)
Peritonitis
105(1)
Diverticular fistula
106(1)
Stricture formation
106(1)
Investigations for acute diverticulitis
106(1)
Classification of diverticular disease
107(1)
Management
107(1)
Colorectal Cancer
108(3)
Key facts
108(1)
Risk factors
108(1)
Pathophysiology
108(1)
Morphology
108(1)
Clinical presentation
109(1)
Emergency presentations
109(1)
Investigations
109(1)
Staging
109(1)
Pathological staging
110(1)
Management
110(1)
Potentially curative treatment
110(1)
Surgical options based on tumour location
110(1)
Chemotherapy
110(1)
Palliative treatment
111(1)
Follow-up
111(1)
Bowel Obstruction
111(3)
Definition
111(1)
Classification
111(1)
Obstruction can be complicated or uncomplicated
111(1)
Clinical presentation
112(1)
Aetiology
112(1)
Other causes of bowel obstruction
113(1)
Investigations
113(1)
Management
114(1)
Specific management
114(1)
Perianal Disorders
114(1)
Key anatomical facts
114(1)
Haemorrhoids
115(2)
Definition
115(1)
Aetiology
115(1)
Four degrees of haemorrhoids
115(1)
Complications
115(1)
Investigations
116(1)
Management
116(1)
Anal Fissure
117(1)
Definition
117(1)
Aetiology
117(1)
Types of anal fissure
117(1)
Clinical features
117(1)
Examination
117(1)
Acute anal fissure
117(1)
Chronic fissure
118(1)
Management
118(1)
Anorectal Abscess
118(1)
Definition
118(1)
Classification
118(1)
Clinical features
118(1)
Investigations
119(1)
Management
119(1)
Anal Fistula
119(2)
Definition
119(1)
Key facts
119(1)
Aetiology
119(1)
Clinical features
119(1)
Investigations: examination
119(1)
Clinical assessment
119(2)
Types of anal fistula (Parks' classification)
120(1)
Management
121(1)
Surgical management options
121(1)
Pilonidal Sinus and Abscess
121(2)
Definition
121(1)
Aetiology
121(1)
Pathogenesis
121(1)
Clinical features
122(1)
Examination
122(1)
Investigations
122(1)
Management
122(1)
Acute
122(1)
Definitive
122(1)
Anal Cancer
123(1)
Risk factors
123(1)
Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN)
123(1)
Anatomy of the anal canal defining the types of tumours
123(1)
Lymphatic drainage
123(1)
Types of anal canal tumours
123(1)
Clinical features
123(1)
Investigations
124(1)
Management
124(1)
Treatment
124(1)
Stomas
124(1)
Definition
124(1)
Loop Ileostomy
124(2)
Clinical features
124(1)
Clinical relevance
125(1)
Associated Colorectal Surgery
125(1)
End Ileostomy
126(1)
Clinical features
126(1)
Associated colorectal surgery
126(1)
End Colostomy
127(1)
Clinical features
127(1)
Associated colorectal surgeries
127(1)
Loop Colostomy
128(1)
Key points
128(1)
Defunctioning Stoma
128(1)
Stoma Complications
128(1)
Stoma Stenosis
129(1)
Definition
129(1)
Aetiology
129(1)
Clinical presentation
129(1)
Management
129(1)
Stoma Retraction
129(1)
Definition
129(1)
Aetiology
129(1)
Clinical features
129(1)
Management
130(1)
Necrosis
130(1)
Aetiology
130(1)
Clinical features
130(1)
Management
130(1)
Parastomal Hernia
130(1)
Definition
130(1)
Aetiology
130(1)
High-Output Stoma
131(1)
Definition
131(1)
Aetiology
131(1)
Complications
131(1)
Management
132(1)
Skin Complications
132(1)
Key facts
132(1)
Aetiology
132(1)
Management
132(1)
Chapter 6 Inflammatory Bowel Disease 133(12)
Definition
135(1)
Key Points
135(1)
Epidemiology
135(1)
Pathophysiology
136(1)
Ulcerative Colitis Clinical Features
137(1)
Crohn's Disease Clinical Features
138(1)
Extraintestinal Manifestations
139(3)
Extraintestinal manifestations of CD and UC
140(1)
Investigations
140(1)
Management
141(1)
Surgical Management of UC
142(1)
Types of surgery for UC
143(1)
Surgical Management of CD
143(2)
Pre-operative preparation
144(1)
Chapter 7 Peripheral Vascular Disease 145(24)
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)
147(3)
Definition
147(1)
Aetiology
147(1)
Signs and symptoms
147(1)
Differential diagnoses for PAD
148(1)
Investigations
148(1)
Management
149(1)
Acute Lower Limb lschaemia
150(1)
Definition
150(1)
Aetiology
150(1)
Complications
150(1)
Types of amputation
150(1)
Management
151(1)
Complications of reperfusion
151(1)
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
151(5)
Definition
151(1)
Key facts
152(1)
Risk factors
152(1)
Surveillance
152(1)
Clinical features
152(1)
Differential diagnosis
153(1)
Investigations: imaging
153(1)
Management: elective repair
153(1)
Complications of AAA repair
154(1)
Endoleak
155(1)
Other types of aneurysm
155(1)
Ruptured AAA
156(1)
Clinical features
156(1)
Management
156(1)
Varicose Veins
157(3)
Definition
157(1)
Aetiology
158(1)
Clinical features
158(1)
Complications
158(1)
Diagnosis and investigations
158(1)
Trendelenburg test
159(1)
Management
159(1)
Complications of surgery
159(1)
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
160(2)
Definition
160(1)
Aetiology
160(1)
Risk factors
160(1)
Clinical features
160(1)
Investigations
161(1)
Prophylaxis
161(1)
Management
161(1)
Thrombolysis
161(1)
Carotid Artery Disease
162(1)
Definitions
162(1)
Clinical features of symptomatic carotid artery disease
162(1)
Investigations
162(1)
Management
162(1)
Carotid endarterectomy
163(1)
Leg Ulcers
163(2)
Definition
163(2)
Causes
165(1)
The Diabetic Foot
165(4)
Features of the diabetic foot
165(1)
Aetiology
166(1)
Risk factors
166(1)
Clinical features
166(1)
Investigations
166(1)
Management
166(1)
Neuropathic ulcers
167(2)
Chapter 8 Breast Disorders 169(12)
Breast Cancer
171(7)
Key facts
171(1)
Aetiology
171(1)
Pathological features
171(1)
Invasive ductal carcinoma
172(1)
Invasive lobular carcinoma
172(1)
Ductal carcinoma in situ
172(1)
Clinical features
172(1)
Investigations
173(1)
Triple assessment
173(2)
Surgical management
175(2)
Medical management
177(1)
Breast Cancer Screening
178(1)
Breast Check
178(1)
Benign Breast Disease
179(2)
Fibroadenoma
179(1)
Breast cysts
179(1)
Fibrocystic disease
179(1)
Breast infections
179(1)
Fat necrosis
180(1)
Gynaecomastia
180(1)
Chapter 9 Endocrine Disorders 181(24)
Anatomical Review
183(2)
Thyroid gland
183(1)
Parathyroid glands
183(1)
Important nearby structures
183(1)
Central control
184(1)
Types of Thyroid Disease
185(1)
Differential Diagnosis of Neck Swelling
186(1)
Investigation of Thyroid Disorders
187(2)
Bloods
187(1)
Imaging
188(1)
Surveillance of a single nodule
189(1)
Biopsy
189(1)
Thyroidectomy
189(1)
Thyrotoxicosis
189(3)
Definition
189(1)
Investigation of thyrotoxicosis
190(1)
General management of thyrotoxicosis
191(1)
Definitive management of thyrotoxicosis
191(1)
Graves' Disease
192(2)
Definition
192(1)
Investigations of Graves' disease
193(1)
Management of Graves' disease
193(1)
Medical
193(1)
Radioactive iodine
193(1)
Surgery
193(1)
Thyroid Cancer
194(1)
Papillary Thyroid Cancer
194(1)
Pathological features
194(1)
Metastatic activity
194(1)
Prognostic factors
194(1)
Follicular Thyroid Cancer
195(1)
Pathological features
195(1)
Metastatic activity
195(1)
Medullary Thyroid Cancer
195(1)
Definition
195(1)
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
196(1)
Definition
196(1)
Aetiology
196(1)
Treatment
196(1)
Investigations
196(1)
Treatment
196(1)
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
197(2)
Aetiology
197(1)
Diagnosis
197(1)
Treatment
198(1)
Presentation
198(1)
Secondary and Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
199(1)
Phaeochromocytoma
199(1)
Definition
199(1)
Aetiology
199(1)
Presentation
200(1)
Investigations
200(1)
Treatment
200(1)
Cortisol Excess and Cushing's Disease
200(2)
Causes
201(1)
Investigations
201(1)
Treatment
201(1)
Post-operative management
201(1)
Conn's Syndrome (Primary Hyperaldosteronism)
202(3)
Definition
202(1)
Investigations
202(1)
Treatment
203(2)
Chapter 10 Urology 205(28)
Common Urological Devices
207(4)
Urinary catheters
207(1)
Suprapubic catheter
208(1)
Nephrostomy
209(1)
JJ ureteric stent
209(1)
Urostomy or ileal conduit
210(1)
Acute Urinary Retention (AUR)
211(2)
Epidemiology
211(1)
Aetiology
211(1)
Clinical presentation
211(1)
Investigations
212(1)
Treatment
212(1)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
213(2)
Definition
213(1)
Key facts
213(1)
Clinical presentation
213(1)
Investigations
214(1)
Treatment
214(1)
Complications of surgery
215(1)
Urinary Tract Stones
215(4)
Aetiology
215(1)
Clinical presentation
216(1)
Investigations
217(1)
Complications of urolithiasis
217(1)
Management of acute episode
217(2)
Surgical
218(1)
Emergency
218(1)
Renal Cell Carcinoma
219(2)
Epidemiology
219(1)
Aetiology
219(1)
Clinical presentation
219(1)
Symptoms
219(1)
Signs
219(1)
Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with RCC
219(1)
Investigations
220(1)
Treatment
221(1)
Bladder Cancer
221(2)
Epidemiology
221(1)
Aetiology
221(1)
Clinical presentation
222(1)
Investigations
222(1)
Treatment
223(1)
Prognosis
223(1)
Prostate Cancer
223(2)
Epidemiology
223(1)
Aetiology
223(1)
Clinical presentation
224(1)
Investigations
224(1)
Histology grading
224(1)
Treatment
224(1)
Testicular Tumours
225(2)
Epidemiology
225(1)
Aetiology
225(1)
Clinical presentation
226(1)
Investigations
226(1)
Treatment
226(1)
Prognosis
227(1)
Acute Testicular Pain
227(1)
Differential diagnosis
227(1)
Testicular Torsion
227(1)
Epidemiology
227(1)
Clinical presentation
227(1)
Management
227(1)
Torsion of the Appendix Testis/Hydatid of Morgagni
228(1)
Aetiology
228(1)
Clinical presentation
228(1)
Management
228(1)
Acute Epididymo-Orchitis
228(1)
Definition
228(1)
Aetiology
228(1)
Clinical presentation
229(1)
Investigations
229(1)
Management
229(1)
Renal Transplant
229(4)
Key facts
229(1)
Aetiology
229(1)
Contraindications to renal transplant
229(1)
Pre-transplant workup
230(1)
During heterotopic transplant
230(1)
Maintenance immunosuppressive therapy
230(1)
Complications of renal transplant
231(4)
Signs of acute rejection
231(2)
Chapter 11 Cardiothoracic Surgery 233(14)
Pre-Operative Investigations for Cardiothoracic Surgery
235(1)
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)
235(2)
Indications for surgery
235(1)
Procedure
235(1)
Selection of conduits
236(1)
Complications
236(1)
Prognosis
236(1)
Valvular Heart Disease
237(1)
Choice of valve type
237(1)
Aortic Stenosis (AS)
238(1)
Aetiology
238(1)
Clinical presentation
238(1)
Investigations
238(1)
Indications for surgery
238(1)
Surgical approach
238(1)
Prognosis
239(1)
Mitral Regurgitation (MR)
239(1)
Aetiology
239(1)
Clinical presentation
239(1)
Investigations
239(1)
Indications for surgery
239(1)
Surgical approach
239(1)
Prognosis
239(1)
Mitral Stenosis (MS)
240(1)
Key facts
240(1)
Clinical presentation
240(1)
Investigations
240(1)
Surgical approach
240(1)
Prognosis
240(1)
Aortic Regurgitation (AR)
240(1)
Key facts
240(1)
Aetiology
240(1)
Clinical presentation
240(1)
Investigations
241(1)
Indications for surgery
241(1)
Prognosis
241(1)
Pneumothorax
241(1)
Definition
241(1)
Classification
241(1)
Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax
241(2)
Key facts
241(1)
Clinical features
242(1)
Investigations
242(1)
Complications
242(1)
Management
243(1)
Surgery
243(1)
Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax
243(1)
Aetiology
243(1)
Notes on thoracic surgery
243(1)
Chest Tube Insertion
243(4)
Definition
243(1)
Key facts
244(1)
Chest tube insertion technique
244(1)
Confirmation of tube placement
244(3)
Chapter 12 Major Trauma 247(16)
Major Trauma
249(1)
Definition
249(1)
Common aetiology
249(1)
Global burden of fatal injury
249(1)
Global injury mortality by cause
249(1)
Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS®) System (Tenth Edition)
250(4)
General information
250(1)
Key points
250(3)
The trauma triad of death
253(1)
Adjuncts to primary survey
254(1)
Secondary survey
254(1)
Thoracic Trauma
254(4)
Key features
254(1)
Management-ATLS protocol
254(2)
Underwater seal drain
256(1)
Management-secondary survey
257(1)
Abdominal Trauma
258(5)
Key features
258(1)
Categories of abdominal trauma
258(1)
Initial examination
259(2)
Indications for resuscitative laparotomy
261(1)
Indications for urgent laparotomy
261(2)
Chapter 13 Plastic Surgery 263(24)
Malignant Melanoma
265(3)
Definition
265(1)
Incidence
265(1)
Risk factors: environmental and genetic
265(1)
Clinical presentation
265(1)
Differential diagnosis
266(1)
Pathological subtypes
266(1)
Staging
266(1)
Management
267(1)
Basal Cell Carcinoma versus Squamous Cell Carcinoma
268(5)
Burns
270(1)
Aetiology
270(1)
Emergency burn care
270(1)
Severity of burn injury depends on multiple factors
270(1)
Assessing depth of the burn
270(1)
Burn resuscitation
271(1)
Management
272(1)
Complications
273(1)
Wound Healing
273(5)
Classification
273(2)
Disordered wound healing
275(1)
Wound management
276(2)
Dupuytren's Disease
278(2)
Definition
278(1)
Epidemiology
278(1)
Aetiology
278(1)
Presentation
278(1)
Dupuytren's diathesis (DD)
279(1)
Surgical indications
279(1)
Complications (surgery)
280(1)
Hand Trauma
280(1)
Tendon injuries
280(1)
Fractures
281(1)
Amputations
281(1)
Upper Limb Compression Neuropathy
281(2)
Median nerve
281(1)
Ulnar nerve
282(1)
Radial nerve
283(1)
Compartment Syndrome
283(2)
Description
283(1)
Presentation
284(1)
Causes
284(1)
Diagnosis
284(1)
Management
285(1)
Complications
285(1)
Infectious Flexor Tenosynovitis
285(1)
Definition
285(1)
Key points
285(1)
Complications
285(1)
Kanavel's cardinal signs
285(1)
Management
285(1)
Trigger Finger (Stenosing Flexor Tenosynovitis)
286(1)
Key points
286(1)
Management
286(1)
Complications from surgery
286(1)
Chapter 14 Orthopaedic Surgery 287(30)
Principles of Orthopaedics
289(3)
Definitions
289(1)
General fracture management
290(1)
Principles in fracture treatment
290(1)
Why do we reduce fractures?
290(1)
Fracture reduction
290(1)
The principles of fracture fixation
291(1)
Stages in fracture healing
291(1)
Upper Limb Injuries
292(1)
Distal Radial Fracture
292(3)
Key facts
292(1)
Risk factors
292(1)
Presentation
292(1)
Eponyms
292(2)
Treatment
294(1)
Complications
295(1)
Humeral Fracture
295(2)
Key facts
295(1)
Mechanisms of injury
295(1)
Presentation
296(1)
Neer classification
296(1)
Treatment
296(1)
Complications
296(1)
Clavicle Fracture
297(1)
Key facts
297(1)
Treatment
298(1)
Complications
298(1)
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation
298(1)
Key facts
298(1)
Treatment
298(1)
Posterior Shoulder Dislocation
299(1)
Key facts
299(1)
Management
299(1)
Scaphoid Fracture
300(1)
Key facts
300(1)
Lower Limb Injuries
301(1)
Hip Fracture
301(2)
Key facts
301(1)
Presentation
301(1)
Complications
302(1)
Slipped Upper Femoral Epiphysis (SUFE)
303(1)
Key facts
303(1)
Clinical presentation
303(1)
X-ray features
303(1)
Management
304(1)
Ankle Fractures
304(3)
Key facts
304(1)
Clinical presentation
304(1)
Classifications
304(2)
Maisonneuve fracture
306(1)
Complications of ankle fractures
306(1)
Tibial Fracture
307(1)
Key facts
307(1)
Treatment
307(1)
Open Fractures
307(1)
Definition
307(1)
Key points
308(1)
Management
308(1)
Compartment Syndrome in Orthopeadics
308(1)
Key facts
308(1)
Clinical features
309(1)
Symptoms
309(1)
Signs
309(1)
Treatment
309(1)
Pelvic Fractures
309(2)
Key facts
309(1)
Types
310(1)
Initial management
310(1)
Complications
310(1)
Septic Arthritis
311(1)
Key facts
311(1)
Investigations
311(1)
Treatment
311(1)
Back Pain
312(1)
Key facts
312(1)
Cauda Equina Syndrome
312(1)
Definition
312(1)
Clinical presentation
312(1)
Diagnosis
312(1)
Treatment
312(1)
Sciatica
313(1)
Definition
313(1)
Clinical presentation
313(1)
Investigations
313(1)
Management
313(1)
Osteoarthritis
313(4)
Key facts
313(1)
Clinical presentation
314(1)
Investigations
314(1)
Characteristics of osteoarthritis on radiographs
314(1)
Management
314(1)
Total hip arthroplasty (THA)
314(1)
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA)
315(2)
Chapter 15 Neurosurgery 317(24)
Cranial Trauma
319(6)
Key points
319(1)
Scalp layers
319(1)
Concussion
320(1)
Skull fractures: classification
320(1)
Aetiology of head injuries
320(1)
Cerebral blood flow
320(1)
Munro-Kellie doctrine
321(1)
Application in head injury
321(1)
Cerebral herniation
321(1)
Assessment of head injury
322(2)
Investigations
324(1)
Management
324(1)
Extradural Haemorrhage
325(1)
Mechanism of injury
325(1)
Clinical presentation
325(1)
Management
325(1)
Subdural Haemorrhage
326(2)
Key facts
326(1)
Mechanism of injury
326(1)
Clinical presentation
326(1)
Risk factors
326(1)
Treatment
327(1)
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (SAH)
328(1)
Definition
328(1)
Investigations (non-traumatic)
328(1)
Management of aneurysmal SAH
329(1)
Spinal Injury
329(3)
General principles
329(1)
General anatomy pointers
330(1)
Assessment of injuries to vertebral column
330(1)
Clinical examination
330(2)
Spinal Cord Injury
332(2)
Spinal cord syndromes
332(2)
Initial management of spinal injuries
334(1)
Brain Tumours
334(7)
Key facts
334(1)
Clinical presentation
335(2)
Clinical presentation of supratentorial tumours
335(1)
Clinical presentation of infratentorial tumours (posterior fossa tumours)
335(2)
Pathogenesis
337(1)
Investigations
337(1)
Pathophysiology
337(1)
Management
338(3)
Chapter 16 Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) 341(34)
General ENT
344(1)
Foreign body in the ear
344(1)
Foreign body in the nose
344(1)
Foreign body in the upper oesophagus
345(1)
Acute Tonsillitis
345(2)
Definition
345(1)
Key facts
345(1)
Pathogens
346(1)
Clinical presentation
346(1)
Investigations
346(1)
Complications of acute tonsillitis
347(1)
Management
347(1)
Head and Neck Masses
347(1)
Peritonsillar abscess (quinsy)
347(1)
Parapharyngeal abscess
348(1)
Retropharyngeal abscess
348(1)
Otology
348(1)
Pinna (Auricular) Haematoma
348(1)
Key facts
348(1)
Clinical presentation
349(1)
Management
349(1)
Prominent Ears
349(1)
Definition
349(1)
Key facts
349(1)
Clinical presentation
349(1)
Management
349(1)
Otitis Externa
349(1)
Definition
349(1)
Key facts
349(1)
Risk factors
350(1)
Pathogens
350(1)
Clinical presentation
350(1)
Symptoms
350(1)
Signs
350(1)
Management
350(1)
Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
350(1)
Definition
350(1)
Key facts
350(1)
Pathogens
351(1)
Clinical presentation
351(1)
Symptoms
351(1)
Signs
351(1)
Management
351(1)
Complications of AOM
351(1)
Otitis Media with Effusion (OME)
351(1)
Definition
351(1)
Key fact
352(1)
Risk factors
352(1)
Clinical presentation
352(1)
Symptoms
352(1)
Signs
352(1)
Investigations
352(1)
Management
352(1)
Complications of OME
352(1)
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
352(1)
Definition
352(1)
Key facts
353(1)
Management
353(1)
Cholesteatoma
353(2)
Definition
353(1)
Key facts
353(1)
Classification
353(1)
Aetiology
353(1)
Clinical presentation
353(1)
Symptoms
353(1)
Signs
353(1)
Investigations
354(1)
Management
354(1)
Acoustic Neuroma
355(1)
Definition
355(1)
Key facts
355(1)
Clinical presentation
355(1)
Investigations
355(1)
Management
356(1)
Rhinology
356(1)
Epistaxis
356(1)
Local causes
356(1)
Systemic causes
356(1)
Clinical presentation
356(1)
Symptoms
356(1)
Signs
356(1)
Blood vessels involved
356(1)
Investigations
357(1)
Management
357(1)
Allergic Rhinitis
357(1)
Definition
357(1)
Key facts
357(1)
Typical allergens
357(1)
Clinical presentation
358(1)
Symptoms
358(1)
Signs
358(1)
Investigations
358(1)
Management
358(1)
Nasal Polyps
358(1)
Key facts
358(1)
Clinical presentation
358(1)
Symptoms
358(1)
Signs
358(1)
Investigations
359(1)
Management
359(1)
Sinusitis
359(1)
Key facts
359(1)
Local causes
359(1)
Acute Rhinosinusitis
359(1)
Definition
359(1)
Key facts
359(1)
Clinical presentation
360(1)
Symptoms
360(1)
Signs
360(1)
Investigations
360(1)
Management
360(1)
Chronic Rhinosinusitis
360(1)
Definition
360(1)
Key facts
360(1)
Clinical presentation
360(1)
Symptoms
360(1)
Signs
360(1)
Investigations
361(1)
Management
361(1)
Complications of sinusitis
361(1)
Head and Neck Anatomy
361(2)
Oral cavity subsites
361(1)
Larynx (voice box)
362(1)
Pharynx
362(1)
Risk factors
362(1)
Aetiological factors
363(1)
Human Papilloma Virus
363(2)
Key facts
363(1)
Investigations
364(1)
Nutritional status
364(1)
Airway concerns
364(1)
Speech rehabilitation
364(1)
Staging
364(1)
Management
365(1)
Laryngeal Cancer
365(1)
Function of the larynx
365(1)
Histological subtypes
365(1)
Management
366(1)
Surgical options
366(1)
Oral Cancer
366(1)
Histological subtypes
366(1)
Treatment
367(1)
Oropharyngeal Cancer
367(1)
Key facts
367(1)
Management
367(1)
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC)
368(1)
Definition
368(1)
Key facts
368(1)
Clinical presentation
368(1)
Staging
368(1)
Investigation
368(1)
Management
368(1)
Surgical Procedures
368(1)
Tonsillectomy
368(1)
Indications
368(1)
Complications
369(1)
Management of tonsillectomy bleed
369(1)
Ventilation (Tympanostomy) Tubes
369(1)
Definition
369(1)
Indications
369(1)
Types
369(1)
Complications
370(1)
Mastoidectomy
370(1)
Definition
370(1)
Indications
370(1)
Types
370(1)
Complications
371(1)
Parotidectomy
371(1)
Indications for superficial parotidectomy
371(1)
Indications for total parotidectomy
371(1)
Complications
371(1)
Neck Dissection
372(3)
Definition
372(1)
Key facts
372(1)
Types
372(1)
Complications
373(2)
Surgical Scores and Classification Systems 375(10)
Further Reading 385(10)
Index 395
Gozie Offiah is Clinical Senior Lecturer, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin.

Arnold Hill is Professor and Chair of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin.