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Recent Developments in Atomic Theory [Hardback]

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Into the short compass of this book Professor Graetz has succeeded in compressing an eminently readable survey of the directions in which the atomic theory, as accepted in the nineteenth century, has been extended by the remarkable and almost revolutionary physical investigations and discoveries of the two decades preceding the book’s original publication in 1923.

Lecture I Molecules and Atoms in Chemistry, and the Kinetic Theory of Gases
1(24)
The atomic theory in chemistry and in physics
Atoms and molecules
Monatomic and polyatomic molecules of the elements
Atomic weights
Prout's hypothesis
The periodic system of the elements
Kinetic theory of gases
The absolute size and mass of molecules and atoms
The Loschmidt and Avogadro numbers
Vortex theory of the atom
Indivisibility contradicted by the spectra of the elements
Lecture II Atoms and Ions and Electrical Effects in Liquids and Gases---Atoms of Electricity
25(33)
Ions in electrolysis
Faraday's law
The atomistic structure of electricity
Electrons
Elementary charge
Discharge through gases
Cathode rays
Free negative electrons
Apparent mass
Size and mass of negative electrons
Positive rays
Positive electricity
Neutral and electrically charged atoms and molecules
Positive-ray analysis
Mass-spectrograph
Lecture III The Disintegration of Atoms in Radio-active Substances---The Nucleus Theory of the Atom
58(31)
Uranium, radium, thorium and actinium as radio-active substances
The α-,β- and γ-rays
The α-particles are helium ions with a double positive charge
Emanation
Disintegration of atoms
The ions of helium are constituents of the atoms of radio-active substances
Wilson's photographs of α-rays
Scattering of α-particles
Rutherford's theory of the atom
The positive charge of the nucleus is equal to the ordinal number of the atom
Mass is apparent
Size of the nucleus
Isotopes of radio-active elements
Isotopes of ordinary elements according to Aston
Lecture IV X-Ray Spectra and the Nucleus Theory of the Atom
89(28)
Diffraction phenomena as evidence of undulatory nature of light
Diffraction of X-rays by crystals
Bragg's conception of diffraction images
X-ray spectra
The K-, L- and M-lines
Moseley's law of high-frequency spectra
Order of elements and gaps in the periodic system
Composition of nuclei
Lecture V Line Spectra and Bohr's Model of the Atom
117(32)
The production and appearance of line spectra
No analogy with sound-waves
Banner's law
Balmer's series in hydrogen
Infra-red hydrogen lines
Rydberg's constant
Series lines
Bohr's construction for the atom
The quantum of energy and the Wirkungsquantum
Radii of orbits and velocity of electrons
Work of separation
Bohr's atom gives Balmer's series and Rydberg's constant for hydrogen
The atom of helium
Ionisation potential
More complex atoms
High frequency spectra and Moseley's law
Accomplishments and difficulties of Bohr's model of the atom
Lecture VI Further Investigations on the Structure of Nuclei, Atoms, Ions and Molecules
149
Decomposition of Nuclei
Chemistry of the atom and physics of the nucleus
Hydrogen nucleus
Decomposition of nitrogen
Possibility of a hydrogen doublet
Clues to the investigation of structure of atoms and ions
The first four elements, hydrogen, helium, lithium and beryllium
Studies of the arrangement of the external electrons in elements of higher ordinal number
Formation of molecules by common rings
The hydrogen molecule
A helium molecule cannot be formed
Leo Graetz, Guy Barr