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The Chemistry of the Superheavy Elements and Relativistic Effects |
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1 | (81) |
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1 | (9) |
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Production and identification of the heaviest elements |
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2 | (4) |
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6 | (1) |
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Experimental studies. ``One-atom-at-a-time'' techniques |
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6 | (4) |
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10 | (1) |
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Relativistic Effects in the Chemistry of the Heaviest Elements |
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10 | (37) |
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Relativistic effects on atomic electronic shells |
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10 | (5) |
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Relativistic methods used for calculations of the electronic structures of the heaviest element atoms and molecules |
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15 | (5) |
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Relativistic effects on atomic properties of the heaviest elements |
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20 | (1) |
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Electronic configurations |
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20 | (3) |
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Ionization potentials, electron affinities and stabilities of oxidation states |
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23 | (4) |
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Ionic/atomic radii and polarizability |
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27 | (3) |
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Relativistic effects on molecular properties of the heaviest elements |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (8) |
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38 | (2) |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (4) |
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45 | (2) |
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47 | (1) |
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Predictions of Experimental Behaviour of the Superheavy Elements and Experimental Results |
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47 | (23) |
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47 | (1) |
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47 | (5) |
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52 | (5) |
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57 | (1) |
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Redox potentials and reduction experiments |
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57 | (1) |
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Complex formation and extraction by liquid chromatography |
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58 | (12) |
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70 | (11) |
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72 | (9) |
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Accurate Relativistic Fock-Space Calculations for Many-Electron Atoms |
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81 | (39) |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (4) |
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The relativistic Hamiltonian |
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83 | (1) |
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The one-electron equation |
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84 | (2) |
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86 | (1) |
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Electron Correlation: The Fock-Space Coupled Cluster Method |
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87 | (3) |
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The Intermediate Hamiltonian CC Method |
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90 | (5) |
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90 | (2) |
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Selection of Pm and Pi model spaces |
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92 | (1) |
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Atomic excitation energies not accessible by FSCC |
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93 | (1) |
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Excitation energies of Ba |
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93 | (2) |
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Excitation energies of Xe and Rn |
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95 | (1) |
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Applications: Heavy Elements |
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95 | (9) |
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When is an atom ``heavy''? Ionization potentials of alkali atoms |
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98 | (1) |
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Gold atom: Local maximum of relativistic effects |
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99 | (1) |
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The f2 level of Pr3+ : Importance of dynamic correlation |
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100 | (2) |
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Electron affinities of alkali atoms -- accuracy at the 5 me V level |
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102 | (2) |
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Applications: Superheavy Elements |
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104 | (11) |
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The ground state configuration of eka-gold (element 111) |
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104 | (1) |
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Ground state of rutherfordium -- relativity vs. correlation |
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105 | (3) |
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Eka-lead (element 114) -- an island of stability? |
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108 | (4) |
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Electron affinity of the rare-gas E118 -- how important is QED? |
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112 | (1) |
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Eka-actinium (E121) -- when is the Breit term important? |
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113 | (2) |
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115 | (5) |
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116 | (4) |
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Accurate Relativistic Calculations Including QED Contributions for Few-Electron Systems |
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120 | (68) |
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120 | (1) |
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Central-Field Dirac Equation |
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121 | (12) |
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122 | (1) |
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Separation of Dirac equation |
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123 | (1) |
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Bound-state Coulomb wave functions |
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124 | (3) |
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QED corrections to one-electron energy levels |
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127 | (3) |
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Reduced mass and relativistic recoil |
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130 | (1) |
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131 | (2) |
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Summary for radiative corrections in hydrogenic ions |
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133 | (1) |
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Many-Body Perturbation Theory |
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133 | (30) |
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136 | (1) |
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Second- and third-order MBPT for closed-shell atoms |
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137 | (1) |
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Angular reduction of the Coulomb interaction |
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138 | (1) |
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Angular reduction of the Breit interaction |
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139 | (2) |
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141 | (3) |
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Ground-state of He-like ions |
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144 | (2) |
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Breit interaction for the helium ground state |
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146 | (2) |
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Single-double (SD) equations |
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148 | (2) |
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150 | (3) |
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153 | (1) |
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Breit interaction for the lithium-like ions |
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153 | (2) |
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Reduced mass and mass polarization |
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155 | (3) |
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Lithium-like uranium and the 2s1/2-2p1/2 Lamb shift |
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158 | (2) |
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Single-double (SD) equations for lithium-like ions |
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160 | (1) |
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Triple excitations and perturbation theory |
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161 | (2) |
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Applications to Li and Be+ |
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163 | (1) |
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Relativistic Configuration-Interaction (RCI) Method |
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163 | (25) |
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168 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (4) |
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174 | (4) |
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QED corrections in many-electron system |
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178 | (4) |
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182 | (1) |
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183 | (5) |
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Parity-Violation Effects in Molecules |
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188 | (101) |
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188 | (5) |
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Effects from Parity Violation in Molecules |
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193 | (7) |
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From the Standard Model of Physics to Molecular Parity Violation |
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200 | (31) |
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Elementary particles and their interactions |
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201 | (1) |
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Field theories and global phase transformations |
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202 | (1) |
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Local phase transformations |
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202 | (1) |
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Non-Abelian gauge theories |
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203 | (2) |
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Gauge group of the standard model |
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205 | (1) |
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Spontaneous symmetry breaking in gauche theories |
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206 | (6) |
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212 | (1) |
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Inclusion of all fermions |
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212 | (1) |
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213 | (1) |
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Symmetry broken electroweak Lagrangian |
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214 | (1) |
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Interactions between fermions and gauge bosons |
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215 | (2) |
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Scattering matrix and equivalent potentials |
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217 | (2) |
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Scattering of two fermions due to Z0 exchange |
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219 | (12) |
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231 | (20) |
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232 | (2) |
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234 | (2) |
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Configuration interaction singles and Tamm-Dancoff approximation |
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236 | (1) |
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Multi-configuration linear response approach and random phase approximation |
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237 | (6) |
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243 | (3) |
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Relativistically parametrised extended Huckel theory |
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246 | (2) |
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Dirac Hartree-Fock method |
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248 | (1) |
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Four-component coupled cluster method |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (20) |
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Benchmark, test and model systems |
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253 | (6) |
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Spectroscopically relevant molecules |
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259 | (1) |
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259 | (3) |
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262 | (4) |
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Biologically relevant molecules |
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266 | (3) |
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269 | (2) |
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271 | (18) |
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272 | (2) |
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274 | (15) |
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Accurate Determination of Electric Field Gradients for Heavy Atoms and Molecules |
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289 | (63) |
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289 | (2) |
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Theoretical considerations |
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291 | (6) |
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292 | (3) |
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Quantum mechanical treatment |
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295 | (2) |
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297 | (6) |
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Measurements of atomic quadrupole coupling constants |
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298 | (3) |
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Measurements of molecular quadrupole coupling constants |
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301 | (2) |
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Methodology of relativistic atomic hyperfine structure calculations |
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303 | (16) |
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Early four-component calculations of hfs constants in atoms |
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304 | (2) |
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Many-body perturbation theory for hyperfine effects |
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306 | (8) |
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Current level of atomic hfs calculations |
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314 | (1) |
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Multi-configuration Dirac-Hartree-Fock calculations |
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315 | (3) |
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Relativistic configuration interaction (CI) |
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318 | (1) |
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Relativistic molecular NQM calculations |
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319 | (33) |
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Perturbative corrections for molecular relativistic EFG contributions |
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320 | (1) |
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Picture change effects in approximate relativistic theories |
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321 | (6) |
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Douglas-Kroll calculations of EFGs excluding the PCE |
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327 | (3) |
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Molecular density functional ZORA EFG calculations |
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330 | (3) |
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First-principles molecular Dirac-Hartree-Fock EFG calculations |
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333 | (8) |
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341 | (1) |
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342 | (10) |
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Two- component Relativistic Effective Core Potential Calculations for Molecules |
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352 | (65) |
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352 | (3) |
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355 | (12) |
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The Hamiltonian and relativistic effective core potentials |
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356 | (1) |
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Shape consistent relativistic effective core potentials |
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357 | (2) |
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Kramers' restricted Hartree-Fock method |
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359 | (3) |
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Correlated REP methods with two-component spinors |
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362 | (1) |
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Spin-orbit effects on total energies and properties |
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362 | (5) |
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Assessment of two-component REP Calculations |
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367 | (14) |
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Comparison of two-component REP with all-electron DC results |
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367 | (9) |
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Geometries of simple polyatomic molecules from KRHF calculations |
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376 | (5) |
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381 | (17) |
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382 | (6) |
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Group 13 and 17 monofluorides |
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388 | (4) |
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The van der Waals molecule Rn2 |
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392 | (3) |
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395 | (3) |
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Polyatomic Molecules of Superheavy Elements |
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398 | (12) |
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The rare-gas fluorides RgF2 and RgF4 (Rg = Xe, Rn, and element 118) |
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398 | (6) |
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Halides and oxides of the transactinide elements Rf, Db, and Sg |
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404 | (6) |
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410 | (7) |
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411 | (6) |
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Relativistic Ab-Initio Model Potential Calculations for Molecules and Embedded Clusters |
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417 | (59) |
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417 | (2) |
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The Ab-Initio Model Potential Method |
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419 | (14) |
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AIMPs as relativistic effective core potentials |
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420 | (2) |
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Cowan-Griffin-Wood-Boring AIMP molecular Hamiltonian |
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422 | (4) |
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Douglas-Kroll-Hess AIMP molecular Hamiltonian |
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426 | (1) |
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Two-step treatment of electron correlation and spin-orbit coupling |
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427 | (2) |
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Heavy element impurities in solids: AIMPs as embedding Potentials |
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429 | (2) |
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Relaxation and polarisation of the crystalline environment |
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431 | (2) |
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Relativistic Ab-Initio Model Potential Calculations |
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433 | (39) |
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434 | (1) |
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435 | (5) |
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5f3 and 5f2 6d1 manifolds of U3+ |
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440 | (2) |
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Structure and spectroscopy of actinide ion impurities in crystals |
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442 | (2) |
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5f1 and 6d1 manifolds of Pa4+ -doped Cs2ZrCl6 |
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444 | (8) |
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5f2 and 5f1 6d1 manifolds of U4+ -doped Cs2ZrCl6 |
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452 | (13) |
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5f2 6d1 manifold of U3+ -doped Cs2NaYCl6 |
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465 | (7) |
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Conclusions and prospects |
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472 | (4) |
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472 | (4) |
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Relativistic Pseudopotential Calculations for Electronic Excited States |
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476 | (76) |
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477 | (4) |
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481 | (28) |
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Spin-orbit integrals and spin-orbit pseudopotentials |
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481 | (1) |
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481 | (4) |
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Spin-orbit pseudopotentials |
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485 | (4) |
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Correlation effects on spin-orbit splitting |
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489 | (4) |
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493 | (1) |
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Spin-orbit CI methods versus the full two-component treatments |
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493 | (2) |
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Contracted SOCI methods (CI/SO) |
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495 | (3) |
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Effective Hamiltonian-based contracted SOCI methods (CIeff/SO) |
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498 | (4) |
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Uncontracted SOCI methods (DGCI) |
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502 | (2) |
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Effective Hamiltonian-based uncontracted SOCI methods (DGCIeff) |
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504 | (5) |
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509 | (32) |
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Molecules in the gas phase |
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509 | (1) |
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Excited states for molecules containing main group elements |
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509 | (7) |
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Excited states for molecules containing d elements |
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516 | (6) |
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Excited states for molecules containing f elements |
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522 | (7) |
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Spin-orbit effects and reactivity on the ground state |
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529 | (2) |
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Spectroscopy of embedded molecules |
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531 | (1) |
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Modelling the spectroscopy of ionic impurities in crystal |
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531 | (2) |
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Spectroscopy of main group element impurities |
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533 | (1) |
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Spectroscopy of lanthanide and actinide impurities |
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534 | (5) |
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Zero-electron pseudopotentials |
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539 | (2) |
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541 | (2) |
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543 | (9) |
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546 | (6) |
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Relativistic Effects on NMR Chemical Shifts |
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552 | (46) |
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553 | (1) |
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554 | (12) |
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554 | (2) |
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Relativistic four-component methodology |
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556 | (2) |
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Relativistic two-component Hamiltonians |
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558 | (2) |
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Perturbational treatment of relativistic effects |
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560 | (6) |
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SO Effects on Nuclear Shieldings of Neighbor Atoms |
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566 | (17) |
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Spin-Free Relativistic (SFR) Effects on Nuclear Shieldings of Neighbour Atoms |
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583 | (4) |
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Relativistic Heavy-Atom Effects at the Heavy-Atom Center (``HAHA Effect'') |
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587 | (4) |
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591 | (7) |
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593 | (5) |
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Relativistic Density Functional Calculations on Small Molecules |
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598 | (58) |
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598 | (2) |
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600 | (28) |
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The Dirac-Kohn-Sham scheme |
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600 | (6) |
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The exchange-correlation functional |
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606 | (8) |
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Quasi-relativistic approximations |
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614 | (12) |
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Energy derivatives in quasi-relativistic approaches |
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626 | (2) |
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628 | (20) |
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631 | (4) |
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Thallium, lead and bismuth compounds |
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635 | (10) |
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Compounds of superheavy elements |
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645 | (3) |
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648 | (8) |
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650 | (6) |
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Quantum Chemistry with the Douglas-Kroll-Hess Approach to Relativistic Density Functional Theory: Efficient Methods for Molecules and Materials |
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656 | (67) |
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657 | (1) |
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The Douglas-Kroll-Hess Formalism in Density Functional Theory |
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658 | (22) |
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Relativistic density functional theory |
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658 | (3) |
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Two-component Douglas-Kroll Hamiltonians |
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661 | (3) |
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Two-electron contributions |
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664 | (5) |
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Douglas-Kroll transformations of higher order |
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669 | (2) |
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Other two-component Hamiltonians |
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671 | (2) |
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Non-collinear spin density functional theory |
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673 | (2) |
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Magnetic properties in DKH: calculations of electronic g values |
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675 | (5) |
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680 | (6) |
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680 | (2) |
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682 | (4) |
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686 | (24) |
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686 | (4) |
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Transition metal clusters |
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690 | (4) |
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694 | (1) |
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Benchmark calculations on actinyls and AcF6 (Ac = U, Np) |
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695 | (1) |
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Four-coordinated actinyl complexes: a comment on the rigidity of the uranyl moiety |
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696 | (1) |
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697 | (2) |
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From benchmark studies to real chemical systems |
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699 | (2) |
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Adsorption at surfaces and in zeolites |
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701 | (1) |
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Single d-metal atoms on the MgO(001) surface |
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702 | (1) |
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Pd3 and Pt3 species on the α-Al2O3(0001) surface |
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703 | (1) |
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Oxide support as a polydentate ligand: Re(CO)3/MgO |
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704 | (2) |
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Ir4 clusters in zeolite cavities |
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706 | (1) |
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Metal adsorption at metal surfaces |
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707 | (2) |
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Metal nanoclusters as models of single crystal surfaces: CO/Pd(111) |
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709 | (1) |
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710 | (2) |
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List of Abbreviations and Notations |
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712 | (11) |
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714 | (9) |
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Relativistic Solid State Calculations |
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723 | (54) |
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723 | (3) |
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A Brief Introduction to Four-Current Density Functional Theory |
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726 | (6) |
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The relativistic ground state energy |
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726 | (2) |
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Four-current density functional theory |
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728 | (2) |
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Kohn-Sham-Dirac equations |
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730 | (2) |
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Solution of the Kohn-Sham-Dirac Equations |
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732 | (24) |
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General aspects of the relativistic FPLO method |
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735 | (6) |
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741 | (4) |
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Calculation of matrix elements |
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745 | (1) |
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746 | (2) |
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748 | (5) |
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753 | (1) |
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Scalar-relativistic approximation |
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754 | (2) |
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756 | (16) |
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756 | (4) |
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Atomic volumes and structural properties |
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760 | (3) |
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Magnetic ground state properties |
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763 | (6) |
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769 | (3) |
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772 | (5) |
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773 | (4) |
Index |
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777 | |