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E-grāmata: Remembering The Manhattan Project - Perspectives On The Making Of The Atomic Bomb & Its Legacy

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Edited by (Atomic Heritage Foundation, Usa)
  • Formāts: 200 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 27-Jan-2005
  • Izdevniecība: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789814481786
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  • Formāts: 200 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 27-Jan-2005
  • Izdevniecība: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789814481786
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During World War II, nations raced to construct the world's first nuclear weapon that would determine the future of the world. The Manhattan Project, one of the most significant achievements of the 20th century, was the culmination of America's war effort.Today, although the issue of nuclear weapons frequently dominates world politics, few are aware of the history behind its development. Part I of this book, comprised of papers from the Atomic Heritage Foundation's Symposium on the Manhattan Project, recounts the history of this remarkable effort and reflects upon its legacy.Most of the original structures of the Manhattan Project have been inaccessible to the public and in recent years, have been stripped of their equipment and slated for demolition. Part II proposes a strategy for preserving these historical artifacts for the public and future generations.This book has been selected for coverage in: Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings) Index to Social Sciences & Humanities Proceedings® (ISSHP® / ISI Proceedings) Index to Social Sciences & Humanities Proceedings (ISSHP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings) CC Proceedings Engineering & Physical Sciences
PART I: A REPORT ON THE PROCEEDINGS
CHAPTER 1: A HISTORY WORTH PRESERVING
3(12)
Opening Remarks
5(4)
Senator Jeff Bingaman, New Mexico
Opening Remarks
9(4)
Dr. Everet H. Beckner
Preserving the History of the Manhattan Project
13(2)
Cynthia C. Kelly
CHAPTER 2: THE MANHATTAN PROJECT - A MILLENNIAL TRANSFORMATION
15(24)
The Atomic Bomb in the Second World War
17(14)
Richard Rhodes
The Manhattan Project: An Extraordinary Achievement of the "American Way"
31(8)
Stephane Groueff
CHAPTER 3: THE ALLIES AND THE ATOMIC BOMB
39(22)
A Tale of Two Documents
41(6)
Andrew Brown
A Footnote on Hiroshima and Atomic Morality: Conant, Niebuhr, and an "Emotional" Clergyman, 1945-46
47(6)
James G. Hershberg
A Los Alamos Beginning
53(8)
Kai Bird
Martin Sherwin
CHAPTER 4: THE MILITARY AND SCIENCE IN THE CRUCIBLE OF WAR
61(18)
General Leslie R. Groves and the Scientists
63(6)
Robert S. Norris
Science in the Service of the State: The Cautionary Tale of Robert Oppenheimer
69(4)
Gregg Herken
Leo Szilard: Baiting Brass Hats
73(6)
William Lanouette
CHAPTER 5: SPEAKING FROM EXPERIENCE
79(22)
SEDs at Los Alamos: A Personal Memoir
81(8)
Benjamin Bederson
Some Experiences at the Met. Lab and What Could Be Learned from a Highly Successful and Challenging Project
89(4)
Jerome Karle
My First Professional Assignment
93(4)
Isabella Karle
Triumph and Tragedy: The Odyssey of J.R. Oppenheimer - A Personal Perspective
97(4)
Maurice M. Shapiro
CHAPTER 6: LESSONS OF THE MANHATTAN PROJECT FOR THE 21ST CENTURY
101(20)
Then and Now
103(4)
Maxine Singer
The Manhattan Project: Qualitative or Quantitative Change?
107(4)
Stephen Younger
Expertise and Independence: The Role of the Science Advisor
111(6)
Richard L. Garwin
The Future of Nuclear Deterrence
117(4)
Richard Rhodes
CHAPTER 7: CLOSING REFLECTIONS
121(10)
Reflections on the Manhattan Project: Consequences and Repercussions
123(18)
Dr. James Schlesinger
APPENDIX A: PROGRAM
131(4)
APPENDIX B: PARTICIPANTS
135(6)
PART II: A PLAN FOR PRESERVING THE MANHATTAN PROJECT
PRESERVING AMERICA: A STRATEGY FOR THE MANHATTAN PROJECT
141(7)
Evaluation of the Manhattan Project Properties
143(4)
Basis for Recommendations
147(1)
CROSS-CUTTING RECOMMENDATIONS
148(2)
1. Special Resource Study for National Park Units
148(1)
2. Oral Histories of Manhattan Project Veterans
149(1)
3. Preservation and Storage of Equipment, Artifacts and Documents
149(1)
PRESERVATION STRATEGIES FOR THE MANHATTAN PROJECT: TWO OPTIONS
150(11)
The Essential Manhattan Project (Option A)
151(5)
Oak Ridge: Isotope Separation and Reactor Operations
151(2)
Hanford: Plutonium Production
153(2)
Los Alamos: Designing, Building and Testing the Bomb
155(1)
The Trinity Site
156(1)
The Enriched Manhattan Project (Option B)
156(5)
Oak Ridge
157(1)
Hanford
157(1)
Los Alamos
158(1)
Trinity Site
158(1)
University of Chicago
159(1)
University of California, Berkeley
159(1)
Columbia University
159(2)
APPENDIX A: DESCRIPTION OF MANHATTAN PROJECT PROPERTIES 161(14)
1. Oak Ridge, Tennessee
161(3)
K-25 Footprint (Isotope Separation)
161(1)
Roosevelt Cell (Isotope Separation)
162(1)
K-29 as Described in the O.R. White Paper (Isotope Separation)
162(1)
Beta 3 Electromagnetic Separation Racetracks at Y-12 (Isotope Separation)
162(1)
Building 9731, Known as the Y-12 Pilot Plant (Isotope Separation and Research)
163(1)
X-10 Graphite Reactor (Reactor Operations)
163(1)
American Museum of Science and Energy
164(1)
2. Hanford, Washington
164(6)
B Reactor (Fuel Irradiation)
164(2)
T Plant (Chemical Separation)
166(1)
T Plant Exhaust Stack (Chemical Separation)
167(1)
Process Control Laboratory (Chemical Separation)
167(1)
Concentration Building (Chemical Separation)
167(1)
Plutonium Isolation Building (Chemical Separation)
168(1)
Test Pile/Hot Cell Verification Building (Research and Development)
168(1)
Separations Laboratory (Research and Development)
168(1)
Radiochemistry Laboratory (Research and Development)
168(1)
Fresh Metal Storage Building (Fuel Manufacturing)
169(1)
Metallurgical Engineering Laboratory (Fuel Manufacturing)
169(1)
Metal Fuels Fabrication Facility (Fuel Manufacturing)
169(1)
River Pump House (Fuel Irradiation)
169(1)
Lag Storage Building (Fuel Irradiation)
170(1)
Plutonium Vaults (Product Storage)
170(1)
3. Los Alamos, New Mexico
170(5)
"Gun Site" (Weapons Research and Development)
171(1)
"V Site" (Weapons Research and Development)
171(1)
Concrete Bowl (Weapons Research and Development)
172(1)
Louis Slotin Accident Building (Biomedical/Health Physics)
172(1)
Quonset Hut TA-22-1 (Weapons Research and Development)
172(1)
East Guard Tower (Security)
173(1)
Pond Cabin (Administrative and Social History)
173(1)
Trinity Test Site (Weapons Research and Development)
173(2)
FEATURE ARTICLE: THE FRISCH-PEIERLS MEMORANDUM 175(6)
Memorandum on the Properties of a Radioactive Super-bomb
177(4)
Otto R. Frisch
Rudolf Peierls
INDEX 181