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RF Analog Impairments Modeling for Communication Systems Simulation: Application to OFDM-based Transceivers [Hardback]

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  • Formāts: Hardback, 224 pages, height x width x depth: 252x175x15 mm, weight: 499 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 14-Sep-2012
  • Izdevniecība: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1119999073
  • ISBN-13: 9781119999072
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RF Analog Impairments Modeling for Communication Systems Simulation: Application to OFDM-based TransceiversPalielināt
  • Formāts: Hardback, 224 pages, height x width x depth: 252x175x15 mm, weight: 499 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 14-Sep-2012
  • Izdevniecība: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1119999073
  • ISBN-13: 9781119999072
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9781119999072.html
Keywords:
With the growing complexity of personal mobile communication systems demanding higher data-rates and high levels of integration using low-cost CMOS technology, overall system performance has become more sensitive to RF analog front-end impairments. Designing integrated transceivers requires a thorough understanding of the whole transceiver chain including RF analog front-end and digital baseband. Communication system engineers have to include RF analog imperfections in their simulation benches in order to study and quantify their impact on the system performance.

Here the author explores key RF analog impairments in a transceiver and demonstrates how to model their impact from a communication system design view-point. He discusses the design aspects of the front end of transceivers (both receivers and transmitters) and provides the reader with a way to optimize a complex mixed-signal platform by taking into account the characteristics of the RF/analog front-end.

Key features of this book include:





Practical examples illustrated by system simulation results based on WiFi and mobile WiMAX OFDM transceivers An overview of the digital estimation and compensation of the RF analog impairments such as power amplifier distortion, quadrature imbalance, and carrier and sampling frequency offsets An exposition of the challenges involved in the design of both RF analog circuits and DSP communication circuits in deep submicron CMOS technology MATLAB® codes for RF analog impairments models  hosted on the companion website

Uniquely the book bridges the gap between RFIC design specification needs and communication systems simulation, offering readers RF analog impairments modeling knowledge and a comprehensive approach to unifying theory and practice in system modelling. It is of great value to communication systems and DSP engineers and graduate students who design communication processing engines, RF/analog systems and IC design engineers involved in the design of communication platforms.
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
About the Author xv
1 Introduction to Communication System-on-Chip, RF Analog Front-End, OFDM Modulation, and Performance Metrics
1(36)
1.1 Communication System-on-Chip
1(5)
1.1.1 Introduction
1(2)
1.1.2 CMOS Technology
3(1)
1.1.3 Coexistence Issues
4(2)
1.2 RF AFE Overview
6(8)
1.2.1 Introduction
6(2)
1.2.2 Superheterodyne Transceiver
8(2)
1.2.3 Homodyne Transceiver
10(1)
1.2.4 Low-IF Transceiver
11(1)
1.2.5 Analog Baseband Filter Order versus ADC Dynamic Range
12(1)
1.2.6 Digital Compensation of RF Analog Front-End Imperfections
13(1)
1.3 OFDM Modulation
14(13)
1.3.1 OFDM as a Multicarrier Modulation
14(1)
1.3.2 Fourier Transform and Orthogonal Subcarriers
15(3)
1.3.3 Channel Estimation and Equalization in Frequency Domain
18(2)
1.3.4 Pilot-Tones
20(1)
1.3.5 Guard Interval
21(1)
1.3.6 Windowed OFDM
21(1)
1.3.7 Adaptive Transmission
22(1)
1.3.8 OFDMA for Multiple Access
23(1)
1.3.9 Scalable OFDMA
23(1)
1.3.10 OFDM DBB Architecture
24(3)
1.3.11 OFDM-Based Standards
27(1)
1.4 SNR, EVM, and Eb/No Definitions and Relationship
27(10)
1.4.1 Bit Error Rate
27(1)
1.4.2 SNR versus EVM
28(3)
1.4.3 SNR versus Eb/No
31(1)
1.4.4 Complex Baseband Representation
32(2)
References
34(3)
2 RF Analog Impairments Description and Modeling
37(70)
2.1 Introduction
37(1)
2.2 Thermal Noise
38(6)
2.2.1 Additive White Gaussian Noise
38(2)
2.2.2 Noise Figure and Sensitivity
40(1)
2.2.3 Cascaded Noise Voltage in IC Design
41(1)
2.2.4 AWGN in Simulations
42(1)
2.2.5 Flicker Noise and AWGN Modeling
43(1)
2.3 Oscillator Phase Noise
44(13)
2.3.1 Description and Impact on the System
44(1)
2.3.2 Phase Noise Modeling in the Frequency Domain
45(4)
2.3.3 Simulation in Temporal Domain
49(1)
2.3.4 SNR Limitation due to the Phase Noise
50(2)
2.3.5 Impact of Phase Noise in OFDM
52(5)
2.4 Sampling Jitter
57(7)
2.4.1 Jitter Definitions
57(1)
2.4.2 Sampling Jitter and Phase Noise Relationship
58(3)
2.4.3 SNR Limitation due to Sampling Jitter
61(2)
2.4.4 Impact of Sampling Jitter in OFDM
63(1)
2.4.5 Sampling Jitter Modeling
63(1)
2.5 Carrier Frequency Offset
64(3)
2.5.1 Description
64(1)
2.5.2 Impact of CFO in OFDM
65(2)
2.6 Sampling Frequency Offset
67(4)
2.6.1 Description
67(1)
2.6.2 Impact of SFO in OFDM
68(3)
2.7 I and Q Mismatch
71(8)
2.7.1 Description
71(5)
2.7.2 IQ Mismatch Modeling
76(1)
2.7.3 SNR Limitation due to IQ Mismatch
76(2)
2.7.4 Impact of IQ Mismatch in OFDM
78(1)
2.8 DAC/ADC Quantization Noise and Clipping
79(8)
2.8.1 SNR Limitation due to the Quantization Noise and Clipping Level
79(3)
2.8.2 Impact of Converter Clipping Level in OFDM
82(2)
2.8.3 DAC and ADC Dynamic Range in OFDM
84(2)
2.8.4 DAC and ADC Modeling
86(1)
2.9 IP2 and IP3: Second- and Third-Order Nonlinearities
87(12)
2.9.1 Harmonics (Single-Tone Test)
87(2)
2.9.2 Intermodulation Distortion (Two-Tone Test)
89(3)
2.9.3 Receiver Performance Degradation due to the Non-linearities
92(3)
2.9.4 Impact of Third-Order Nonlinearity in OFDM
95(3)
2.9.5 Simulation in Complex Baseband
98(1)
2.10 Power Amplifier Distortion
99(8)
2.10.1 PA Modeling
99(3)
2.10.2 Impact of PA Distortions in OFDM
102(2)
References
104(3)
3 Simulation of the RF Analog Impairments Impact on Real OFDM-Based Transceiver Performance
107(60)
3.1 Introduction
107(1)
3.2 WLAN and Mobile WiMAX PHY Overview
108(2)
3.2.1 WLAN: Standard IEEE 802.11a/g
108(1)
3.2.2 Mobile WiMAX: Standard IEEE 802.16e
109(1)
3.3 Simulation Bench Overview
110(6)
3.3.1 WiFi and WiMAX OFDM Transceiver Modeling
110(2)
3.3.2 EVM Estimation as Performance Metric
112(1)
3.3.3 EVM versus SNR Simulations in AWGN Channel
113(3)
3.4 WiFi OFDM and Mobile WiMAX Signals PAPR
116(1)
3.5 Transmitter Impairments Simulation
117(17)
3.5.1 Introduction
117(1)
3.5.2 DAC Clipping and Resolution
118(3)
3.5.3 I and Q Mismatch
121(4)
3.5.4 RF Oscillator Phase Noise
125(5)
3.5.5 Power Amplifier Distortion
130(3)
3.5.6 Transmitter Complete Simulation
133(1)
3.6 Receiver Impairments Simulation
134(28)
3.6.1 Introduction
134(1)
3.6.2 Carrier Frequency Offset
135(5)
3.6.3 Sampling Frequency Offset
140(6)
3.6.4 Linearity: IIP2 and IIP3
146(8)
3.6.5 I and Q Mismatch
154(1)
3.6.6 RF Oscillator Phase Noise and Reciprocal Mixing
154(2)
3.6.7 Sampling Jitter
156(2)
3.6.8 ADC Clipping and Resolution
158(2)
3.6.9 Receiver Complete Simulation
160(2)
3.7 Adaptive Modulation Illustration
162(2)
3.8 Summary
164(3)
References
164(3)
4 Digital Compensation of RF Analog Impairments
167(32)
4.1 Introduction
167(1)
4.2 CFO Estimation and Correction
168(8)
4.2.1 CFO Estimation Principle
168(2)
4.2.2 CFO Estimation in the Time Domain
170(2)
4.2.3 CFO Estimation in the Frequency Domain
172(3)
4.2.4 CFO Correction
175(1)
4.3 SFO Estimation and Correction
176(7)
4.3.1 SFO Estimation Principle
176(2)
4.3.2 SFO Estimation
178(3)
4.3.3 SFO Correction
181(1)
4.3.4 Joint SFO and CFO Estimation
181(2)
4.4 IQ Mismatch Estimation and Correction
183(7)
4.4.1 Principle
183(3)
4.4.2 Effect of the Channel
186(1)
4.4.3 Simulation Results
187(3)
4.5 Power Amplifier Linearization
190(6)
4.5.1 Digital Predistortion Principle
190(1)
4.5.2 Memory Polynomial Predistortion
191(1)
4.5.3 Polynomial Coefficients Computation
192(1)
4.5.4 Simulation Results
193(3)
4.6 Summary
196(3)
References
197(2)
Index 199
Lydi Smaļni, Marvell Technology Group Ltd., Switzerland Dr. Smaļni is currently RF System & DSP group manager at Marvells operations in Switzerland, a leading semiconductor company. In 2010 Dr. Smaļni gave a tutorial on RF System Design for Advanced Wireless Transceivers at the IEEE Solid-State Circuits Conference. Previously he has worked as an R&D consulting engineer for ALTEN, Marseille, France, where he developed a frequency agile radar beacon for navigation aid, which is now in service on the French coastline. Immediately prior to joining Marvell in 2006, from 2002 he was with STMicroelectronics, Switzerland in the RF System and Architecture Group for wireless communications working on Ultra Wide-Band impulse radio, 3G cellular phones, and advanced radio architectures for OFDMA technology.