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Right to Erasure in EU Data Protection Law [Hardback]

(Postdoctoral researcher, University of Amsterdam)
  • Formāts: Hardback, 560 pages, height x width x depth: 245x165x40 mm, weight: 1000 g
  • Sērija : Oxford Data Protection & Privacy Law
  • Izdošanas datums: 30-Apr-2020
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0198847971
  • ISBN-13: 9780198847977
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Right to Erasure in EU Data Protection LawPalielināt
  • Formāts: Hardback, 560 pages, height x width x depth: 245x165x40 mm, weight: 1000 g
  • Sērija : Oxford Data Protection & Privacy Law
  • Izdošanas datums: 30-Apr-2020
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0198847971
  • ISBN-13: 9780198847977
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9780198847977.html
Keywords:
This book critically investigates the role of data subject rights in countering information and power asymmetries online. It aims at dissecting 'data subject empowerment' in the information society through the lens of the right to erasure ("right to be forgotten") in Article 17 of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). In doing so, it provides an extensive analysis of the interaction between the GDPR and the fundamental right to data protection in Art.8 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (Charter), how data subject rights affect fair balancing of fundamental rights, and what the practical challenges are to effective data subject rights.

The book starts with exploring the data-driven asymmetries that characterise individuals' relationship with tech giants. These commercial entities increasingly anticipate and govern how people interact with each other and the world around them, affecting core values such as individual autonomy, dignity and freedom. The book explores how data protection law, and data subject rights in particular, enable resisting, breaking down or at the very least critically engaging with these asymmetric relationships. It concludes that despite substantial legal and practical hurdles, the GDPR's right to erasure does play a meaningful role in furthering the fundamental right to data protection (Art. 8 Charter) in the face of power asymmetries online.
Table of Cases
xvii
Table of Legislation
xxiii
List of Abbreviations
xxvii
Note to the Readers xxix
1 Introduction
1(36)
Section 1 The Tolling Giant
1(3)
Section 2 How We Got Here
4(23)
2.1 Data Deluge
9(1)
2.1.1 Ubiquity of Sensors
10(2)
2.1.2 Limitless Storage
12(1)
2.1.3 Instant and Global Communication
13(2)
2.2 Power Asymmetry
15(2)
2.2.1 Information Asymmetry
17(6)
2.2.2 Control Asymmetry
23(4)
Section 3 The Control Conundrum
27(3)
3.1 Data (dis)Empowerment
27(2)
3.2 Data Protection Law's Toolbox
29(1)
Section 4 Structure and Approach
30(7)
4.1 Guiding Questions
30(1)
4.2 Roadmap
31(2)
4.3 Method
33(4)
PART I THE RIGHT TO ERASURE IN EU DATA PROTECTION LAW
2 Foundations of Data Protection Law
37(80)
Section 1 Introduction
37(1)
Section 2 The Fundamental Right to Data Protection
37(54)
2.1 History
38(1)
2.1.1 A Dark Past
39(1)
2.1.2 First Nations
40(2)
2.1.3 International Level
42(3)
2.1.4 Data Protection Directive
45(2)
2.1.5 Charter of Fundamental Rights
47(1)
2.1.6 CJEU Takes the Limelight
48(3)
2.1.7 General Data Protection Regulation
51(3)
2.2 Rationale of the Fundamental Right to Data Protection in Article 8 of the Charter
54(1)
2.2.1 Power Asymmetries
54(6)
2.2.2 Individual Control over Personal Data
60(8)
2.2.3 Summary
68(1)
2.3 From the Fundamental Right to Data Protection to the General Data Protection Regulation
69(1)
2.3.1 From Control to Fair Balancing
70(3)
2.3.2 The GDPR's Pluralism
73(9)
2.3.3 Operationalization of Data Protection Law
82(9)
Section 3 The Right to Erasure: Ultimate Power Tool?
91(18)
3.1 History
92(1)
3.1.1 Coming of Age
92(6)
3.1.2 Legislative History of Article 17 GDPR
98(5)
3.1.3 Interim Conclusion
103(1)
3.2 The Right to Erasure Today
104(1)
3.2.1 The Case for Ex Post Empowerment Measures
104(3)
3.2.2 Drawbacks
107(1)
3.2.3 Ultimate Power-Tool?
108(1)
Section 4 Conceptualizing the Right to Erasure
109(6)
4.1 The Right to Be Forgotten
109(2)
4.2 Droital' Oubli
111(2)
4.3 Data Protection Rights
113(1)
4.3.1 Right to Object (Article 21 GDPR)
113(1)
4.3.2 Right to Erasure (Article 17)
113(1)
4.3.3 Right to Restriction of Processing (Article 18)
114(1)
4.3.4 Right to Be Delisted
115(1)
Section 5 Conclusion
115(2)
3 Scope of the Right to Erasure
117(79)
Section 1 Introduction
117(1)
Section 2 Territorial Scope
117(10)
2.1 In the Context of the Activities of an Establishment in the EU
120(3)
2.2 Targeting Data Subjects in the EU
123(3)
2.3 Public International Law
126(1)
Section 3 Material Scope
127(24)
3.1 What is the `Data' in Data Protection?
127(1)
3.1.1 Personal Data
127(6)
3.1.2 Sensitive Data
133(5)
3.1.3 Fifty Shades of Data
138(10)
3.1.4 Personal Data Equalizer
148(2)
3.2 Processing
150(1)
Section 4 Personal Scope
151(25)
4.1 The Data Subject
151(3)
4.2 Who to Ask for Erasure?
154(1)
4.2.1 Controller and Processor
155(3)
4.2.2 Muddy Waters
158(16)
4.3 Third Parties and Recipients
174(2)
4.4 Interim Conclusion
176(1)
Section 5 Derogations and Exemptions
176(17)
5.1 Outside the Scope of EU Law
178(1)
5.2 Household Exemption
179(6)
5.3 Freedom of Expression and Information
185(5)
5.4 Archiving Purposes in the Public Interest, Scientific or Historical Research Purposes, or Statistical Purposes
190(3)
Section 6 Conclusion---Wide Scope, Flexible Application
193(3)
4 Conditions of the Right to Erasure
196(81)
Section 1 Introduction
196(2)
Section 2 When Can the Right to Erasure Be Invoked?
198(39)
2.1 Purpose Expiration
199(1)
2.1.1 Requirements
200(1)
2.1.2 Compatible Use
201(2)
2.1.3 Granularity as the Sine Qua Non
203(2)
2.2 Withdrawal of Consent
205(5)
2.3 Right to Object
210(4)
2.4 Unlawful Processing
214(1)
2.4.1 Defining `Unlawfulness'
214(2)
2.4.2 Different Types of (Un)Lawfulness
216(10)
2.4.3 Article 5 Principles
226(3)
2.4.4 Conflating the Right to Object with the Right to Erasure
229(1)
2.5 Legal Obligation
230(2)
2.6 Children's Personal Data Online
232(3)
2.7 Interim Conclusion on the Right to Erasure Triggers
235(2)
Section 3 Extending the Right to Erasure
237(10)
3.1 Right to be Forgotten 2.0?
237(4)
3.2 Criteria and Obligations
241(1)
3.2.1 Making Personal Data Public
241(3)
3.2.2 Obligation of Means
244(3)
Section 4 When Can the Right to Erasure Not Be Invoked?
247(24)
4.1 To the Extent Processing Is Necessary for
249(4)
4.2 Freedom of Expression and Information
253(6)
4.3 Legal Obligation, Task Carried Out in Public Interest or Official Authority
259(4)
4.4 Public Interest in the Area of Public Health
263(4)
4.5 Public Interest Archiving, Scientific and Historical Research, or Statistical Purposes
267(1)
4.6 Legal Claims
268(2)
4.7 Interim Conclusion on the Right to Erasure Exemptions
270(1)
Section 5 Conclusion
271(6)
PART II BALANCING AND DATA PROTECTION
5 Balancing in the GDPR
277(54)
Section 1 Introduction
277(1)
Section 2 Balancing---From the Charter to the GDPR
278(15)
2.1 Introductory Remarks
278(2)
2.2 Balancing Fundamental Rights
280(9)
2.3 Balancing in the GDPR
289(4)
Section 3 Ex Ante and Ex Post Balancing in the GDPR
293(33)
3.1 From Ex Ante to Ex Post Balancing and Back Again
293(2)
3.2 Ex Post Balancing: Rights to Obj ect and Erasure
295(1)
3.2.1 Right to Object---Ex Post Balancing Par Excellence?
295(3)
3.2.2 Right to Erasure---Balancing Shell
298(7)
3.3 Ex Ante Balancing: Legitimate Interests
305(1)
3.3.1 Importance of the Legitimate Interests Ground
305(3)
3.3.2 Structure of Article 6(l)(f) Legitimate Interests Balancing
308(3)
3.3.3 Legitimate Interests v Legitimate Purposes
311(3)
3.3.4 Legitimate Interests Balancing in Operation
314(12)
Section 4 Summary and Conclusion
326(5)
6 Balancing Scenarios
331(59)
Section 1 Introduction
331(2)
Section 2 Balancing Scenarios
333(53)
2.1 Commercial Interests
333(1)
2.1.1 Relevance with Regard to the Right to Erasure
334(1)
2.1.2 Article 16 Charter---Freedom to Conduct a Business
335(8)
2.1.3 Article 17 Charter---Right to Property
343(5)
2.1.4 Interim Conclusion
348(2)
2.2 Information Freedoms
350(2)
2.2.1 Relevance with Regard to the Right to Erasure
352(1)
2.2.2 Freedom of Expression, from Derogation to Balancing Factor
353(1)
2.2.3 Freedom to Impart Information
354(6)
2.2.4 Freedom to Receive Information
360(15)
2.2.5 ISS Providers Caught in the Middle?
375(3)
2.2.6 Interim Conclusion
378(3)
2.3 Research and Security Interests
381(5)
Section 3 Summary and Conclusion
386(4)
7 Open Questions on Balancing in the GDPR
390(29)
Section 1 Fair Balancing, a Blessing and a Curse?
390(4)
Section 2 How Far Does the Responsibility to Balance Reach?
394(4)
Section 3 Biased Balancing?
398(4)
Section 4 Privatized Balancing?
402(3)
Section 5 Qualifying the Debate
405(10)
5.1 Calling a Spade, a Spade
405(3)
5.2 Functional and Granular Approach
408(3)
5.3 Deferring Balances
411(2)
5.4 Fifty Shades of Erasure
413(2)
Section 6 Conclusion
415(4)
PART III EFFECTIVENESS
8 The Right to Erasure in Practice
419(52)
Section 1 Introduction
419(1)
Section 2 Positioning Data Protection
420(5)
2.1 Control v Fair Balancing
420(2)
2.2 Hold to Account the Powerful
422(3)
Section 3 Evaluating Data Subject Empowerment
425(15)
3.1 Complex Ecosystem
426(5)
3.2 Data Subject Empowerment in Practice
431(5)
3.3 Abusing the Right to Erasure
436(2)
3.4 To Erase or to Object, That's the Question
438(2)
Section 4 Making Data Subject Empowerment Effective
440(28)
4.1 No Empowerment Without Protective Measures
443(1)
4.1.1 Responsibility
443(3)
4.1.2 Transparency
446(3)
4.1.3 Enforcement
449(1)
4.1.4 Granularity
450(1)
4.1.5 Interim Conclusion
451(1)
4.2 Beyond the GDPR
452(6)
4.3 Beyond the Law
458(1)
4.3.1 Technology
458(4)
4.3.2 Market
462(2)
4.3.3 Culture
464(3)
4.4 Summary
467(1)
Section 5 Conclusion
468(3)
9 Summary and Conclusion
471(8)
Section 1 Goal of this Book
471(1)
Section 2 Summary of Findings
472(4)
Section 3 So, Does the Right to Erasure Contribute to Informational Self-Determination in the Information Society?
476(2)
Section 4 Outlook
478(1)
Bibliography 479(48)
Index 527
Jef Ausloos is a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Amsterdam's Institute for Information law (IViR) and an affiliated researcher at the KU Leuven's Centre for IT & IP Law.

Jef holds degrees in law from the Universities of Namur, Leuven and Hong Kong and has worked as an International Fellow at the Center for Democracy & Technology and the Electronic Frontier Foundation. His research centres around data-driven power asymmetries and the normative underpinnings of individual control, empowerment and autonomy in modern-day, largely privatised information ecosystems.

His PhD-thesis (2018), which formed the basis of this book, received two prestigious awards: the Council of Europe's Stefano Rodotą award and the International Institute of Human Rights' Rene Cassin Prize.