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E-grāmata: Robotics: State Of The Art And Future Challenges

(Nasa Jet Propulsion Lab, Usa), (Nasa ), (Univ Of Southern California, Usa), (Univ Of Pennsylvania, Usa), (Nasa Johnson Space Center, Usa), (Korea Aerospace Univ, Korea), (Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst, Usa), (The Ohio State Univ, Usa)
  • Formāts: 152 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 17-Jul-2008
  • Izdevniecība: Imperial College Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781908978967
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  • Formāts: 152 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 17-Jul-2008
  • Izdevniecība: Imperial College Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781908978967
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The authors (from the U. of Southern California, U. of Pennsylvania, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Ohio State U., and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in the United States and the Korea Aerospace U. in South Korea) describe the state-of-the-art in six key areas of robotics research and development around the world: robotic vehicles; space robotics; humanoid robots; industrial, service, and personal robots; robotics in biology and medicine; and networked robots. Each chapter defines the area; discusses its importance; describes major applications with examples; outlines present and future challenges; summarizes major activities in the United States, Korea, Japan, and Europe; and provides a qualitative comparison of those research and development activities. Annotation ©2008 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
1. Introduction 1
2. Robotic Vehicles 11
2.1 Introduction
11
2.1.1 What are robotic vehicles?
11
2.1.2 Why are robotic vehicles important?
12
2.1.3 How do robotic vehicles work? What are the key technologies for mobility?
15
2.2 Research Challenges
18
2.2.1 Mechanisms and mobility
18
2.2.2 Power and propulsion
19
2.2.3 Computation and control
19
2.2.4 Sensors and navigation
22
2.3 International Survey
24
2.3.1 Research on robotic vehicles the United States
24
2.3.1.1 Military and defense systems
24
2.3.1.2 Space robotic vehicles
24
2.3.1.3 Field robotics
26
2.3.1.4 Undersea robotics
26
2.3.1.5 Search-and-rescue robotics
27
2.3.2 Research on robotic vehicles Japan and South Korea
27
2.3.2.1 Personal and service robotic vehicles
29
2.3.2.2 Bioniimetic mobility
29
2.3.2.3 Undersea robotics
30
2.3.3 Research on robotic vehicles - Europe
30
2.3.3.1 Navigation and architectures
32
2.3.3.2 Transportation systems
33
2.3.3.3 Personal and service robotics
33
2.3.3.4 Undersea robotics
35
2.4 Comparative Review of Programs
35
2.5 Ftirther Readings
37
3. Space Robotics 39
3.1 What is Space Robotics?
39
3.2 Issues in Space Robotics
41
3.2.1 How are Space Robots created and used? What technology for space robotics needs to be developed?
41
3.3 International Efforts in Space Robotics
55
3.4 The State of the Art in Space Robotics
63
References
68
4. Humanoids 69
4.1 Background
69
4.2 Definitions of the Humanoid System
70
4.2.1 Form and function
70
4.2.2 How are humanoids built?
71
4.3 Current Challenges in Humanoids
71
4.3.1 Design, packaging, and power
71
4.3.2 Bipedal walking
73
4.3.3 Wheeled lower bodies
75
4.3.4 Dexterous limbs
76
4.3.5 Mobile manipulation
78
4.3.6 Human--robot interaction
78
4.4 Key Technologies
80
4.5 Fundamental Research Challenges
81
4.6 Regions Visited by the Assessment Team
81
4.7 Observations, Applications, and Conclusions
81
4.7.1 Quantitative observations
81
4.7.2 Qualitative observations
85
4.7.3 Applications
86
Conclusions
86
References
87
5 Industrial, Personal, and Service Robots 89
5.1 Introduction
89
5.2 Market Analysis and Trends
91
5.3 State of the Art in Theory and Practice
92
5.4 International Assessment
94
5.4.1 United States
94
5.4.2 Europe
95
5.4.3 Japan and Korea
95
5.4.4 Australia
96
5.5 International Comparisons
97
5.5.1 Relative strengths
97
5.5.2 Qualitative observations
99
5.6 Future Challenges
100
References
101
6 Robotics for Biological and Medical Applications 103
6.1 Background
103
6.2 Why Robots and Automation in Biology and Medicine
103
6.2.1 Biological applications
103
6.2.2 Medical applications
104
6.2.3 Robotic tools, devices, and systems
106
6.2.4 Key technologies
107
6.2.5 Fundamental research challenges
109
6.3 Regions Visited by the Assessment Team
110
6.3.1 United States
110
6.3.2 Japan and Korea
111
6.3.3 Europe
111
6.4 Quantitative and Qualitative Observations
115
6.4.1 Quantitative observations
115
6.4.2 Qualitative observations
115
6.5 Conclusions
116
References
117
7 Networked Robots 119
7.1 Introduction
119
7.2 Significance and Potential
122
7.3 State of the Art in Theory and Practice
124
7.4 Scientific and Technical Challenges
127
7.5 International Comparisons
128
7.6 Future Challenges
128
References
129
Authors' Biographies 131
Index 139