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Rock Magnetic Cyclostratigraphy [Hardback]

(Lehigh University), (John Hopkins University)
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Rock magnetic cyclostratigraphy merges environmental magnetism, in which rock magnetic measurements are used to detect past environmental change, and cyclostratigraphy, in which cyclic variations of lithology or a sedimentary rock's physical properties are related to astronomically-forced paleoclimate change. In addition to providing paleoclimate data, cyclostratigraphy can establish high-resolution chronostratigraphy for a sequence of sedimentary rocks, even at distant times in Earth's history. This book provides an overview of concepts underlying these two techniques, recipes for the time series analysis of cyclostratigraphy, and case studies to illustrate the variety and breadth of problems addressed by rock magnetic cyclostratigraphy

New Analytical Methods in Earth and Environmental Science

Because of the plethora of analytical techniques now available, and the acceleration of technological advance, many earth scientists find it difficult to know where to turn for reliable information on the latest tools at their disposal, and may lack the expertise to assess the relative strengths or limitations of a particular technique. This new series will address these difficulties by providing accessible introductions to important new techniques, lab and field protocols, suggestions for data handling and interpretation, and useful case studies. The series represents an invaluable and trusted source of information for researchers, advanced students and applied earth scientists wishing to familiarise themselves with emerging techniques in their field

All titles in this series are available in a variety of full-colour, searchable e-book formats



1 Introduction
1(9)
1.1 Rock Magnetic Cyclostratigraphy
1(3)
1.2 Basic Steps of a Rock Magnetic Cyclostratigraphy Study
4(2)
1.3 The Significance of Rock Magnetic Cyclostratigraphy
6(1)
1.4 Layout of the Book
7(3)
References
8(2)
2 Rock Magnetism
10(25)
2.1 Introduction
10(2)
2.2 Types of Magnetism
12(4)
2.3 Ferromagnetic Minerals
16(4)
2.4 Fine Particle Magnetism
20(6)
2.4.1 Hysteresis
20(4)
2.4.2 Magnetic Particle Anisotropy
24(1)
2.4.3 Domain State
25(1)
2.5 Environmental Magnetic Parameters
26(5)
2.5.1 Individual Environmental Magnetic Parameters
26(3)
2.5.2 Ratios of Environmental Magnetic Parameters
29(2)
2.6 Identification of Magnetic Mineralogies and Choosing a Rock Magnetic Parameter for Cyclostratigraphy
31(4)
References
32(3)
3 Magnetostratigraphy
35(17)
3.1 Introduction
35(2)
3.2 Measuring Magnetostratigraphy
37(9)
3.2.1 Sampling Strategy
37(1)
3.2.2 Sample Collection
37(1)
3.2.3 Measurement and Demagnetization
38(3)
3.2.4 Tests to Constrain the Age of Remanence
41(1)
3.2.5 Plotting of Magnetostratigraphic Data and Determining a Reversal Stratigraphy
42(4)
3.3 Tying to the GPTS
46(3)
3.4 Providing the Best Time Resolution from Magnetostratigraphy
49(3)
References
49(3)
4 Time Series Analysis for Cyclostratigraphy
52(38)
4.1 Introduction
52(1)
4.2 Geological Time Series
53(1)
4.3 Time Series Analysis Tools and Eocene Arguis Rock Magnetic Cyclostratigraphy
54(36)
4.3.1 Sampling and Interpolation
54(2)
4.3.2 Detrending, Smoothing, and "Prewhitening"
56(1)
4.3.3 Filtering Basics
56(2)
4.3.4 Digital Filters
58(1)
4.3.5 Spectral Analysis
58(15)
4.3.6 Hypothesis Testing and Noise Modeling
73(8)
4.3.7 Time-Frequency Analysis
81(2)
4.3.8 Coherency and Cross-Phase Analysis
83(4)
References
87(3)
5 Milankovitch Forcing Theory
90(9)
5.1 Introduction
90(1)
5.2 Astronomical Parameters
90(3)
5.3 Insolation
93(1)
5.4 Astronomical Tuning and Timescales
93(6)
5.4.1 The Initial Timescale
93(3)
5.4.2 Traditional Astronomical Tuning
96(1)
5.4.3 Objective Astronomical Tuning
97(1)
References
97(2)
6 Case Studies of Rock Magnetic Cyclostratigraphy
99(29)
6.1 Introduction and Environmental Shredding
99(2)
6.2 Stirone River Section, Northern Italy
101(3)
6.3 Arguis Formation, Spanish Pyrenees
104(3)
6.4 Cupido Formation Platform Carbonates, Northeastern Mexico
107(4)
6.5 Latemar Massif, Triassic Carbonates, Northern Italy
111(2)
6.6 Daye Formation, Triassic Carbonates, South China
113(4)
6.7 Mauch Chunk Formation: Mississippian Red Beds, Pottsville, Pennsylvania
117(2)
6.8 Rainstorm Member of the Neoproterozoic Johnnie Formation, Death Valley, California
119(4)
6.9 Encoding of Orbitally Forced Climate Signals
123(5)
References
124(4)
7 Doing Rock Magnetic Cyclostratigraphy
128(17)
7.1 Study Design
128(3)
7.2 Field Sampling
131(1)
7.3 Laboratory Preparation
132(2)
7.4 Remanence Measurements
134(3)
7.5 Time Series Analysis: Summary of Procedures
137(4)
7.5.1 Preparation of the Data Series
138(1)
7.5.2 Spectral Estimation
138(1)
7.5.3 Significance of the Spectral Peaks
139(1)
7.5.4 Evolutionary Spectrogram
140(1)
7.5.5 Tuning and Filtering
140(1)
7.6 Identifying Astronomically Forced Climate Cycles
141(4)
References
143(2)
Appendix 145(12)
Glossary 157(4)
Index 161
Kenneth P. Kodama is Professor of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Lehigh University, USA. He has taught Earth sciences and conducted paleomagnetic and rock magnetic research with his students at Lehigh for the past 36 years. In his time away from paleomagnetism he enjoys playing music.

Linda A. Hinnov is a research Professor at Johns Hopkins University, USA  specializing in the astronomical forcing of Earths paleoclimate system. She has longstanding interests in cyclostratigraphy, and its implications for the evolution of Earths geophysical and astronomical parameters and the geologic time scale.