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Rock Mass Response to Mining Activities: Inferring Large-Scale Rock Mass Failure [Hardback]

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(Independent Consultant in Mining Geomechanics, Sorrento, Australia)
  • Formāts: Hardback, 192 pages, height x width: 246x174 mm, weight: 740 g
  • Sērija : Geomechanics Research
  • Izdošanas datums: 21-Jun-2018
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 1138082929
  • ISBN-13: 9781138082922
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Rock Mass Response to Mining Activities: Inferring Large-Scale Rock Mass FailurePalielināt
  • Formāts: Hardback, 192 pages, height x width: 246x174 mm, weight: 740 g
  • Sērija : Geomechanics Research
  • Izdošanas datums: 21-Jun-2018
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 1138082929
  • ISBN-13: 9781138082922
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9781138082922.html
Keywords:
Mining activities may result in rock mass deterioration and instability that may lead to failure both in underground and open pit mines. Such deterioration represents a safety risk and may result in substantial financial losses. Rock mass response may lead to ground subsidence, fall of ground/caving, inundation, pillar collapse, seismic activities and slope and tailings dam instability. Each response is preceded by warning signs and precursors, which are identified in this book, with a view to providing guidelines for prediction and amelioration of damage to mining structures. Furthermore, case studies of both large scale ground deterioration leading to collapse and geotechnical mine disasters are presented. Identifying risks and monitoring geotechnical precursors and warning signs allows for safe and productive mining.
Preface ix
About the author xi
1 Introduction
1(4)
2 Factors affecting rock mass response to mining
5(16)
2.1 Geotechnical factors affecting rock mass response
5(1)
2.2 Mining factors affecting rock mass response
6(4)
2.2.1 Rock mass response to development blasting
9(1)
2.3 Effect of mining scale on response of rock mass
10(11)
2.3.1 Mining geometry
11(2)
2.3.2 Rock mass response at excavation scale
13(1)
2.3.3 Rock mass response at level scale
14(3)
2.3.4 Rock mass response at mine scale
17(4)
3 Case studies of rock mass response to underground mining
21(40)
3.1 Case studies of surface crown pillar collapse
21(15)
3.1.1 Coronation mine
23(1)
3.1.2 Chaffers Shaft area
24(1)
3.1.3 Iron King mine
25(1)
3.1.4 Nobles Nob mine
25(4)
3.1.5 Perseverance Shaft area
29(1)
3.1.6 Prince of Wales mine
30(2)
3.1.7 Scotia mine
32(1)
3.1.8 Warrego mine
32(2)
3.1.9 Analysis of surface crown pillar collapses
34(2)
3.2 Case studies of rockbursts and outbursts
36(4)
3.2.1 Case study of precursors to rockburst
36(1)
3.2.2 Case studies of precursors to gas and rock outbursts
37(1)
3.2.3 Case study of gas outburst
38(1)
3.2.4 Case study of geothermal outbursts
39(1)
3.3 Case studies of uncontrolled caving and pillar collapses
40(8)
3.3.1 Discontinuous subsidence over a caving mine
41(1)
3.3.2 Propagation of a caving zone
42(3)
3.3.3 Collapse of the rock mass over caving area
45(1)
3.3.4 Collapse of a roof due to pillar failure
45(1)
3.3.5 Collapse of pillars in a colliery
46(1)
3.3.6 Progressive collapse in room-and-pillar trona mine
47(1)
3.4 Case studies of damage to underground mining infrastructure
48(13)
3.4.1 Enlargement of orepasses
48(9)
3.4.2 Ground movement in a decline
57(2)
3.4.3 Shaft collapse
59(2)
4 Case studies of rock mass response to surface mining
61(4)
4.1 Open pit slope failure due to underground mining
61(1)
4.2 Slope failure along geotechnical structures
62(2)
4.3 Collapse of a highwall in an open pit
64(1)
5 Case studies of inundations
65(10)
5.1 Water inrush into a colliery
66(1)
5.2 Tailings inrush into an underground mine
66(2)
5.3 Backfill liquefaction and inrush into a mine
68(1)
5.4 Mud inrush resulting from collapse of a crown pillar
68(1)
5.5 Instability of waste rock tip
69(1)
5.6 Instability of tailings dam
70(1)
5.7 Progressive failure of coal refuse dam
71(1)
5.8 Failure of tailings dams triggered by earthquakes
72(3)
6 Effect of discontinuities on the initiation of failure process
75(6)
6.1 Modes of failure of rock samples
75(4)
6.1.1 Simple extension
75(1)
6.1.2 Multiple extension
76(1)
6.1.3 Multiple fracturing
76(1)
6.1.4 Multiple shear
76(1)
6.1.5 Simple shear
76(3)
6.2 Effect of discontinuities on strength of rock samples
79(2)
7 Behaviour of rock mass prior to failure
81(18)
7.1 Pre-failure warning signs
81(12)
7.1.1 Indicators
81(2)
7.1.2 Precursors
83(9)
7.1.3 Triggers
92(1)
7.2 Sequence of precursors to rock mass failure
93(1)
7.3 Geotechnical risk management
94(1)
7.4 Monitoring of precursory behaviour
95(4)
8 Rock mass behaviour during failure
99(12)
8.1 Case studies on onset of failure
99(1)
8.2 Case studies on duration of failure
100(1)
8.3 Progressive damage to excavations under high mining-induced stress
101(10)
8.3.1 Case study of stress transfer through remnant pillar
104(1)
8.3.2 Case study of stress transfer through the down-dip abutment
105(1)
8.3.3 Case study of stress transfer through compacted caved rocks
106(5)
9 Post-failure rock mass behaviour
111(8)
9.1 Case studies of post-failure behaviour
111(4)
9.2 The effect of mining geometry on post-failure behaviour
115(4)
10 Modes of failure of rock and rock mass
119(14)
10.1 Modes of failure at a sample scale
120(3)
10.2 Mode of failure at a local scale
123(7)
10.3 Mode of failure at amine scale
130(3)
11 Behaviour of fragmented ore
133(22)
11.1 Ore flow - a case study from a block caving mine
134(6)
11.1.1 Rock material in a draw zone
136(1)
11.1.2 Diameter of a draw zone
137(1)
11.1.3 Change in fragmentation due to draw
138(1)
11.1.4 Effect of ore draw rate on damage of drawpoints
139(1)
11.2 Behaviour of fragmented ore --- a case study from a sublevel caving mine
140(8)
11.2.1 Ore fragmentation and size distribution
140(1)
11.2.2 Ore recovery
141(1)
11.2.3 Primary recovery
141(1)
11.2.4 Secondary recovery
142(1)
11.2.5 Tertiary and quaternary recoveries
143(1)
11.2.6 Effect of rock mass properties on fragmentation
143(1)
11.2.7 Reduction of fragment size with tonnage drawn
143(3)
11.2.8 Draw management practices
146(2)
11.3 Analysis of a diameter of a draw zone from two case studies of caving mines
148(1)
11.4 Behaviour of fragmented ore in orepasses
149(6)
11.4.1 Types of hang-ups
149(1)
11.4.2 Formation of hang-ups
150(2)
11.4.3 Hang-up prevention
152(3)
12 Mitigation of rock mass response through geotechnical quality assurance
155(16)
12.1 Quality in ground control
156(1)
12.2 Quality assessment
157(1)
12.3 Quality assurance in ground control management system
158(1)
12.3.1 Responsibilities and authority
158(1)
12.3.2 Compliance with legislation
159(1)
12.3.3 Competency and training
159(1)
12.3.4 Communication and reporting
159(1)
12.3.5 Document control
159(1)
12.4 Quality assurance in geotechnical planning and design
159(3)
12.4.1 Data collection and analysis
160(1)
12.4.2 Geotechnical planning
160(1)
12.4.3 Ground Control Management Plan
160(1)
12.4.4 Mine closure
161(1)
12.4.5 Geotechnical design
161(1)
12.4.6 Approval system
161(1)
12.4.7 Feedback and follow-up
161(1)
12.5 Quality assurance in ground control activities
162(6)
12.5.1 Drilling
162(1)
12.5.2 Blasting
162(2)
12.5.3 Maintenance of excavations
164(2)
12.5.4 Performance of ground support
166(2)
12.6 Quality assurance in geotechnical inspection and monitoring
168(3)
12.6.1 Inspection
168(1)
12.6.2 Instrumentation
169(1)
12.6.3 Monitoring of rock mass performance
169(2)
References 171(6)
Index 177(3)
Book series page 180
Dr Tadeusz Szwedzicki is an internationally recognised expert in geomechanics of underground mining methods. He has over 40 years of mining experience working in mining production, research and development, and consulting. His experience has been gained working for some of the world's largest mining companies like PT Freeport (Indonesia), ZCCM (Zambia), Anglo American Corp (Republic of South Africa), and WMC and BHP Billiton (Australia). He had academic positions at Western Australian School of Mines, and University of Zimbabwe. His experience also includes government positions at the Northern Territory department of Mines and Energy where he was appointed the Government Mining Engineer and the Government of Papua New Guinea as Mineral Resources Advisor. He is a recipient of the Silver Medal awarded by the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, London, and a recipient of Fulbright scholarship, USA. He has authored over 70 papers including in the International Journal of Rock Mechanics, Transactions of the Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, and proceedings of international conferences. He is an independent consultant specializing in geomechanics of mining methods.