Preface |
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xv | |
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PART I INTRODUCTION TO THE FIELD |
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1 | (44) |
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1 What Is Positive Psychology and Why Do We Need It? |
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3 | (18) |
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A New Science with a Long History |
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3 | (4) |
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Understanding the Scope of Positive Psychology |
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7 | (2) |
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Why We Need Positive Psychology |
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9 | (2) |
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The Science of Well-Being(s) |
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11 | (2) |
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Culture and Positive Psychology |
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13 | (2) |
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Self-Transcendence or Self-Enhancement |
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14 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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Contentment or Satisfaction |
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14 | (1) |
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Valuing or Avoiding Suffering |
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15 | (1) |
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Next Steps in Positive Psychology |
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15 | (1) |
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Practice Positive Psychology |
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16 | (1) |
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Apply PERMA to Your Own Life |
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16 | (1) |
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Explore Your Positive Legacy |
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17 | (1) |
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Integrate Positive Psychology into Your Life |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (4) |
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2 Myths and Misunderstandings about the Science of Positive Psychology |
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21 | (24) |
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Why Does a Scientific Approach to Positive Psychology Matter? |
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21 | (2) |
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How to Distinguish Positive Psychology from Nonscientific Pop Psychology |
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23 | (10) |
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Are the Conclusions Based on the Scientific Method? |
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23 | (3) |
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Does the Research Make It Clear That Causation Isn't the Same as Correlation? |
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26 | (2) |
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Does the Research Specify Mechanisms and Are Those Mechanisms Backed by Evidence? |
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28 | (1) |
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Do the Researchers Generalize Appropriately? |
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29 | (1) |
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Did the Researchers Use Valid and Reliable Measures? |
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30 | (2) |
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Does More than One Study Show the Result? |
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32 | (1) |
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Myths and Misunderstandings about Positive Psychology |
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33 | (6) |
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Only Stupid People Are Happy |
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33 | (2) |
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You Can't Do Anything about Your Happiness |
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35 | (2) |
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Positive Psychology Is Only about Being Happy |
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37 | (1) |
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Positive Psychology Is Only for the Privileged |
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38 | (1) |
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Culture and the Science of Positive Psychology |
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39 | (2) |
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Next Steps in the Science of Positive Psychology |
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41 | (1) |
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Practice Applying Scientific Reasoning |
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42 | (1) |
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Examine How You Came to Believe a Myth |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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Consider Your Piece of the Pie |
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43 | (1) |
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43 | (2) |
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PART II POSITIVE FEELINGS AND STATES |
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45 | (102) |
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3 Positive Emotional Experiences |
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47 | (36) |
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Why Do Positive Emotions Matter? |
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48 | (1) |
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Defining Positive Affective Experiences |
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49 | (2) |
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The Broaden and Build Theory of Positive Emotions |
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51 | (4) |
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What Are the Benefits of Positive Emotions and Other Affective Experiences? |
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55 | (18) |
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Positive Affective Experiences and Mortality |
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55 | (4) |
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Positive Affective Experiences and Physical Health |
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59 | (3) |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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Positive Affective Experiences and Social Relationships |
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64 | (3) |
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Positive Affective Experiences and Cognitive Functioning |
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67 | (1) |
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Positive Affective Experiences and Money |
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68 | (1) |
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Does Having More Money Make You Happier? |
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69 | (2) |
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Does How You Spend Your Money Matter? |
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71 | (2) |
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Culture and Positive Affective Experiences |
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73 | (3) |
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Next Steps in Positive Affective Experiences |
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76 | (2) |
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Practice Engaging in Positive Affective Experiences |
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78 | (2) |
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Keep a Positive Affective Experiences Diary |
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78 | (1) |
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Build a Pleasurable Sensations Toolbox and Induce Positive Emotions |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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Evaluate Your Positivity Ratio |
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79 | (1) |
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80 | (3) |
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4 Transcendence: Meaning, Purpose, Spirituality, and Religion |
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83 | (34) |
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Why Does Transcendence Matter? |
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84 | (1) |
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Meaning and Purpose in Life |
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85 | (13) |
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Basic Definitions: Meaning, Purpose, and Significance |
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86 | (1) |
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Theories of Meaning in Life |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (3) |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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The Four Needs for Meaning |
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91 | (1) |
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Meaning across the Life-Span |
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92 | (3) |
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95 | (2) |
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The Paradoxical Search for Meaning |
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97 | (1) |
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Religious and Spiritual Transcendence |
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98 | (1) |
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Basic Definitions: Religion versus Spirituality |
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99 | (2) |
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101 | (5) |
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103 | (1) |
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103 | (2) |
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105 | (1) |
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106 | (1) |
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Research Issues in the Psychology of Religion |
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106 | (3) |
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Religion Is Neither All Good nor All Bad |
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107 | (1) |
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It's Not All about Denomination |
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107 | (1) |
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Explaining Religion Is Not the Same as Explaining Religion Away |
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108 | (1) |
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Culture and Transcendence |
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109 | (2) |
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Next Steps in Transcendence |
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111 | (2) |
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113 | (4) |
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113 | (1) |
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Create a Movie of Your Life |
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113 | (4) |
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5 Present-Moment Focus: Mindfulness, Savoring, and Flow |
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117 | (30) |
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Why Does Present-Moment Focus Matter? |
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118 | (2) |
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120 | (3) |
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What Are the Benefits of Mindfulness? |
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123 | (7) |
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Trait Mindfulness Research |
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123 | (1) |
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Trait Mindfulness and Psychological Health |
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124 | (1) |
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Trait Mindfulness and Interpersonal Relationships |
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125 | (2) |
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Mindfulness Practices and Intervention Research |
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127 | (1) |
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Mindfulness Interventions and Physical Functioning |
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128 | (1) |
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Mindfulness Interventions and Psychological Functioning |
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129 | (1) |
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Your Brain on Mindfulness |
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130 | (3) |
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133 | (5) |
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138 | (1) |
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Culture and Present-Moment Focus |
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139 | (2) |
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Next Steps in Present-Moment Focus |
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141 | (2) |
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Practice Present-Moment Focus |
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143 | (2) |
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Meditate on the Present Moment |
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143 | (1) |
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Savor the Past, Present, and Future |
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144 | (1) |
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144 | (1) |
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145 | (2) |
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PART III ACHIEVEMENT AND PERSONAL GOALS |
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147 | (50) |
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149 | (24) |
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Why Do Talent and Giftedness Matter? |
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151 | (1) |
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Defining Talent and Giftedness |
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152 | (3) |
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Identifying and Developing Talent and Giftedness |
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155 | (7) |
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156 | (2) |
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158 | (4) |
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Longitudinal Studies Associated with Early Talent and Giftedness |
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162 | (4) |
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Culture and Talent and Giftedness |
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164 | (2) |
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Next Steps in Talent and Giftedness |
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166 | (2) |
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Practice Talent and Achievement |
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168 | (2) |
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168 | (1) |
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Appreciate the Achievements of Others |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (3) |
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7 Looking to the Future: Goals, Optimism, and Hope |
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173 | (24) |
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Why Do Goals, Optimism, and Hope Matter? |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (4) |
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175 | (1) |
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Some Goals Are Better than Others |
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176 | (1) |
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The Personal Importance of Goals |
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176 | (1) |
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176 | (1) |
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Approach versus Avoidance Goals |
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177 | (1) |
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Specific versus Abstract Goals |
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177 | (1) |
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Intrinsic versus Extrinsic Goals |
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178 | (1) |
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Anticipating the Future: Expectancies |
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178 | (10) |
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179 | (1) |
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179 | (1) |
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Learned Optimism: A Different View |
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180 | (2) |
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182 | (4) |
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Comparison of Expectancy Constructs |
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186 | (1) |
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Hope, Optimism, and Well-Being |
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186 | (2) |
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188 | (2) |
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Culture, Optimism, and Hope |
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190 | (2) |
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Next Steps in Goals and Expectancies |
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192 | (1) |
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Practice Optimism and Hope |
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193 | (2) |
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Change Your Explanatory Style |
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193 | (1) |
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193 | (2) |
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195 | (1) |
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195 | (2) |
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PART IV PERSONAL STRENGTHS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSETS |
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197 | (54) |
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8 Virtues, Values, and Character Strengths |
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199 | (26) |
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Why Does Character Matter? |
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200 | (1) |
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Historical Perspectives on Character |
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201 | (1) |
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The Challenges of Researching Character |
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202 | (13) |
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202 | (4) |
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206 | (6) |
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212 | (3) |
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The Advantages of Good Character |
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215 | (2) |
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217 | (3) |
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Next Steps in Virtues, Values, and Character Strengths |
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220 | (1) |
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Practice Identifying Strengths |
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221 | (1) |
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221 | (1) |
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221 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (3) |
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225 | (26) |
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226 | (1) |
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What Is Successful Aging? |
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227 | (14) |
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Foundational Studies in Successful Aging |
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230 | (1) |
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Introducing the Concept of Successful Aging: The MacArthur Study |
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230 | (1) |
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Capitalizing on Longitudinal Data Collection: The Harvard Study of Adult Development |
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231 | (1) |
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Drawing from Diverse Populations: The Alameda County Study |
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232 | (1) |
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Predictors of Successful Aging |
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233 | (3) |
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Processes of Successful Aging |
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236 | (1) |
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Balancing Age-Related Losses and Gains: The SOC Model |
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237 | (1) |
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Setting Developmentally Appropriate Goals: Socioemotional Selectivity Theory |
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238 | (2) |
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The Proactivity Model of Successful Aging: Planning for Future Stressors |
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240 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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242 | (2) |
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Culture and Successful Aging |
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244 | (3) |
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244 | (2) |
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246 | (1) |
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Next Steps in Successful Aging |
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247 | (1) |
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Practice Expanding Your Perspective on Aging |
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248 | (2) |
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248 | (1) |
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Proactively Cope Using the Lessons from the Blue Zones |
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249 | (1) |
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Get Inspired by Some Older Folks |
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250 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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PART V SUCCESSFUL AND SATISFYING RELATIONSHIPS |
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251 | (137) |
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10 Love and Relationships |
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253 | (26) |
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Why Do Love and Relationships Matter? |
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254 | (1) |
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I Wanna Know What Love Is |
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254 | (6) |
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Passionate and Companionate Love |
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255 | (1) |
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255 | (1) |
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256 | (1) |
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257 | (3) |
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Relationships and Well-Being |
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260 | (6) |
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Having People in One's Life: The Impact of One's Social Network |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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262 | (1) |
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263 | (3) |
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Theoretical Models of What Makes for Good Relationships |
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266 | (6) |
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266 | (2) |
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268 | (2) |
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Balance Theory of Relationships |
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270 | (2) |
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Culture, Love, and Marriage |
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272 | (3) |
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Next Steps in Relationships |
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275 | (1) |
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Practice Positive Relationships |
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275 | (2) |
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Rebalance Your Relationships |
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275 | (1) |
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Use Social Networks in a Healthy Way |
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276 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (2) |
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11 Perspective-Taking: Gratitude and Forgiveness |
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279 | (30) |
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Why Does Perspective-Taking Matter? |
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280 | (1) |
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281 | (16) |
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Circumstances That Facilitate or Suppress Gratitude |
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288 | (3) |
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291 | (2) |
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Why Is It So Hard to Express Gratitude? |
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293 | (4) |
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297 | (4) |
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What Forgiveness Is and Is Not |
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297 | (2) |
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Forgiveness Interventions |
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299 | (2) |
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Culture and Perspective-Taking |
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301 | (1) |
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Next Steps in Studying Perspective-Taking |
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302 | (1) |
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Practice Gratitude and Forgiveness |
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303 | (2) |
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Write and Deliver a Gratitude Letter |
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303 | (1) |
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304 | (1) |
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Remember a Time When You Were Forgiven |
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305 | (1) |
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305 | (4) |
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309 | (26) |
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Why Does Prosocial Behavior Matter? |
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310 | (1) |
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311 | (14) |
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Prosocial Behaviors and Weil-Being |
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316 | (2) |
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The Who, When, and Why of Prosocial Behaviors |
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318 | (1) |
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318 | (1) |
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319 | (1) |
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320 | (1) |
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321 | (4) |
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325 | (1) |
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326 | (2) |
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Culture and Prosocial Behavior |
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328 | (1) |
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Next Steps in Prosocial Behavior |
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329 | (1) |
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Practice Prosocial Behavior |
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330 | (3) |
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Put Kindness into the World |
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330 | (1) |
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Volunteer in Your Community in a Way That Fits Your Strengths |
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331 | (1) |
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Catch People Being Their Best Selves |
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332 | (1) |
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333 | (2) |
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13 Happiness and Success at Work: Positive Psychology in the Office and Beyond |
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335 | (28) |
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Why Does Happiness at Work Matter? |
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336 | (1) |
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Happiness and Employment Success |
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337 | (4) |
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341 | (2) |
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Prosocial Behaviors in the Workplace |
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343 | (5) |
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344 | (1) |
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345 | (2) |
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347 | (1) |
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What Can Employers Do to Create a Positive Work Environment? |
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348 | (3) |
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Demonstrate Trust in Employees |
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349 | (1) |
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Provide Opportunities That Match Strengths |
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350 | (1) |
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What Can Employees Do to Create a Positive Work Experience? |
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351 | (4) |
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351 | (2) |
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353 | (2) |
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Culture and Perspectives on Positive Psychology at Work |
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355 | (3) |
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Next Steps in Positive Psychology at Work |
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358 | (1) |
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359 | (2) |
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359 | (1) |
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360 | (1) |
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Bring Your Values to Work |
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360 | (1) |
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361 | (2) |
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14 Positive Mental Health Interventions and Initiatives |
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363 | (25) |
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Why Does a Positive Approach to Mental Health Matter? |
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364 | (1) |
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365 | (2) |
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Strengths-Based Assessment |
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367 | (2) |
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Positive Psychology Interventions |
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369 | (4) |
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Defining Positive Psychology Interventions |
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369 | (1) |
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370 | (3) |
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Interventions to Increase Positive Affect and Experiences |
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373 | (2) |
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Hope Therapy: An Example Intervention |
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375 | (2) |
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376 | (1) |
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376 | (1) |
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377 | (1) |
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Interventions to Decrease Negative Affect and Experiences |
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377 | (5) |
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377 | (2) |
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379 | (3) |
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382 | (1) |
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Culture and Positive Psychology Interventions |
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383 | (2) |
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Next Steps in Positive Mental Health |
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385 | (1) |
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Practice Positive Intervention Techniques |
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386 | (1) |
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Discover Your Best Possible Self |
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386 | (1) |
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Engage in Hopeful Daydreaming |
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386 | (1) |
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387 | (1) |
Glossary |
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388 | (9) |
References |
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397 | (49) |
Index |
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446 | |