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E-grāmata: Science Teachers' Learning: Enhancing Opportunities, Creating Supportive Contexts

  • Formāts: 256 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 15-Dec-2015
  • Izdevniecība: National Academies Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309380218
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  • Formāts: 256 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 15-Dec-2015
  • Izdevniecība: National Academies Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309380218
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Currently, many states are adopting the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) or are revising their own state standards in ways that reflect the NGSS. For students and schools, the implementation of any science standards rests with teachers. For those teachers, an evolving understanding about how best to teach science represents a significant transition in the way science is currently taught in most classrooms and it will require most science teachers to change how they teach.



That change will require learning opportunities for teachers that reinforce and expand their knowledge of the major ideas and concepts in science, their familiarity with a range of instructional strategies, and the skills to implement those strategies in the classroom. Providing these kinds of learning opportunities in turn will require profound changes to current approaches to supporting teachers' learning across their careers, from their initial training to continuing professional development.



A teacher's capability to improve students' scientific understanding is heavily influenced by the school and district in which they work, the community in which the school is located, and the larger professional communities to which they belong. Science Teachers' Learning provides guidance for schools and districts on how best to support teachers' learning and how to implement successful programs for professional development. This report makes actionable recommendations for science teachers' learning that take a broad view of what is known about science education, how and when teachers learn, and education policies that directly and indirectly shape what teachers are able to learn and teach.



The challenge of developing the expertise teachers need to implement the NGSS presents an opportunity to rethink professional learning for science teachers. Science Teachers' Learning will be a valuable resource for classrooms, departments, schools, districts, and professional organizations as they move to new ways to teach science.

Table of Contents



Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 A New Vision of Science Teaching and Learning 3 The Current Status of Science Instruction 4 The K-12 Science Teaching Workforce 5 Science Teachers' Learning Needs 6 Professional Development Programs 7 Teacher Learning in Schools and Classrooms 8 Creating a Supportive Context for Teacher Learning 9 Conclusions, Recommendations, and Directions for Research Appendix: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff
SUMMARY
1(232)
1 Introduction
11(16)
Study Background and Committee Charge
13(1)
Scope and Focus of the Study
14(6)
Sources and Standards of Evidence
20(2)
Organization of the Report
22(1)
References
23(4)
2 A New Vision Of Science Teaching And Learning
27(20)
What Students Need to Learn About Science
28(9)
Implications for Science Teaching
37(5)
Conclusion
42(1)
References
43(4)
3 The Current Status Of Science Instruction
47(22)
Current Science Instruction: A Gap Between Vision and Reality
49(15)
Teachers' Perceptions of Effective Instruction
64(1)
Conclusion
65(1)
References
66(3)
4 The K-12 Science Teaching Workforce
69(24)
Characteristics of the K-12 Science Teaching Workforce
69(10)
Investing in Science Teachers' Ongoing Learning
79(5)
Movement into Different Roles
84(3)
Conclusions
87(2)
References
89(4)
5 Science Teachers' Learning Needs
93(22)
Expertise for Teaching Science
94(10)
Contextual Influences on Teachers' Learning Needs
104(5)
Conclusion
109(1)
References
110(5)
6 Professional Development Programs
115(32)
Features of Effective Professional Development Programs
117(2)
Impact of Professional Development Programs in Science
119(17)
Online Programs
136(4)
Conclusions
140(2)
References
142(5)
7 Teacher Learning In Schools And Classrooms
147(28)
Collaboration and Professional Community
148(14)
Coaching and Mentoring Resources in Schools
162(2)
Induction Programs
164(2)
Conclusions
166(1)
References
167(8)
8 Creating A Supportive Context For Teacher Learning
175(38)
Professional Capacity
178(8)
Coherent Instructional Guidance
186(8)
Leadership
194(7)
Time and Funding
201(3)
Conclusions
204(1)
References
205(8)
9 Conclusions, Recommendations, And Directions For Research
213(20)
Conclusions
214(7)
Recommendations for Practice and Policy
221(6)
Recommendations for Research
227(4)
Final Reflections
231(1)
References
232(1)
APPENDIX
Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff
233