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E-grāmata: Sea Change: 2015-2025 Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences

  • Formāts: 98 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 19-May-2015
  • Izdevniecība: National Academies Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309366915
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  • Formāts: 98 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 19-May-2015
  • Izdevniecība: National Academies Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309366915
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Ocean science connects a global community of scientists in many disciplines - physics, chemistry, biology, geology and geophysics. New observational and computational technologies are transforming the ability of scientists to study the global ocean with a more integrated and dynamic approach. This enhanced understanding of the ocean is becoming ever more important in an economically and geopolitically connected world, and contributes vital information to policy and decision makers charged with addressing societal interests in the ocean.



Science provides the knowledge necessary to realize the benefits and manage the risks of the ocean. Comprehensive understanding of the global ocean is fundamental to forecasting and managing risks from severe storms, adapting to the impacts of climate change, and managing ocean resources. In the United States, the National Science Foundation (NSF) is the primary funder of the basic research which underlies advances in our understanding of the ocean. Sea Change addresses the strategic investments necessary at NSF to ensure a robust ocean scientific enterprise over the next decade. This survey provides guidance from the ocean sciences community on research and facilities priorities for the coming decade and makes recommendations for funding priorities.

Table of Contents



Front Matter Summary Introduction 1 21st-Century Achievements in Ocean Science 2 Ocean Science Priorities for 2015-2025 3 The Current Landscape: Alignment of Current Ocean Research Infrastructure with the Decadal Science Priorities 4 The Path Forward: Maintaining Ocean Science in a Constrained Budget Environment Appendix A: Committee and Staff Biographies Appendix B: Presentations at DSOS Committee Meetings Appendix C: Virtual Town Hall Questionnaire Appendix D: Glossary of Terms Appendix E: Acronyms Used in the Report
Summary 1(8)
Introduction 9(4)
Background
9(1)
Committee Process
10(2)
References
12(1)
1 21st-century Achievements in Ocean Science
13(14)
The Ocean Component of Climate Variability and Change
13(2)
Biogeochemical and Ecological Dimensions of a Changing Ocean
15(4)
Biodiversity, Complexity, and Dynamics of Ocean Ecosystems
19(1)
The Seafloor Is Geologically, Physically, and Biologically Dynamic
20(2)
New Technologies Enable Efficient Collection of Global Ocean Data
22(1)
Collaborations Advance Oceanography Achievements
23(1)
Analysis of the Scientific Accomplishments
23(2)
References and Bibliography
25(2)
2 Ocean Science Priorities for 2015--2025
27(12)
Objectives
27(1)
Approach
27(2)
Priority Science Questions for 2015--2025
29(6)
Interdisciplinary Science and Funding within NSF and OCE
35(1)
Technology Development for the Next Decade
35(1)
Would a Different Committee Have Chosen Different Priority Science Questions?
36(1)
References and Bibliography
36(3)
3 The Current Landscape: Alignment of Current Ocean Research Infrastructure with the Decadal Science Priorities
39(18)
Approach
41(2)
The Academic Research Fleet and Icebreakers
43(4)
Scientific Ocean Drilling
47(2)
Ocean Observatories Initiative
49(4)
The National Deep Submergence Facility
53(2)
Other Facilities and Infrastructure
55(1)
Cost versus Relevance for NSF-Supported Infrastructure
55(1)
References
56(1)
4 The Path Forward: Maintaining Ocean Science in a Constrained Budget Environment
57(14)
The Impact of Rising Infrastructure Costs on the OCE Budget
57(2)
Achieving Balance
59(1)
Decision Rules
59(2)
A Strategy to Reduce Infrastructure Costs
61(1)
Achieving an Initial 10% Reduction in Infrastructure Costs
62(2)
Achieving Additional Cost Reductions
64(1)
Examples of Possible Cost Reductions
64(3)
Strategic Planning
67(1)
Looking Ahead
68(1)
References
69(2)
Appendixes
A Committee and Staff Biographies
71(6)
B Presentations at DSOS Committee Meetings
77(4)
C Virtual Town Hall Questionnaire
81(2)
D Glossary of Terms
83(2)
E Acronyms Used in the Report
85