Preface |
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vii | |
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ix | |
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xi | |
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1 | (16) |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 Early ideas and observations |
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1 | (2) |
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3 | (4) |
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1.4 Meteorological and other non-tidal changes |
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7 | (1) |
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1.5 Some definitions of common terms |
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8 | (3) |
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1.6 Basic statistics of sea levels as time series |
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11 | (6) |
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2 Sea-level measuring systems |
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17 | (19) |
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2.1 The science of measurement |
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17 | (3) |
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20 | (2) |
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22 | (8) |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (2) |
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33 | (3) |
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36 | (24) |
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3.1 Gravitational attraction |
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36 | (4) |
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3.2 The tidal forces: a fuller development |
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40 | (4) |
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3.3 The Moon--Earth--Sun system |
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44 | (5) |
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49 | (4) |
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53 | (7) |
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4 Tidal analysis and prediction |
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60 | (37) |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (16) |
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78 | (4) |
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82 | (4) |
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86 | (1) |
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4.6 Stability of tidal parameters |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (8) |
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97 | (36) |
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97 | (2) |
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5.2 Long-wave characteristics |
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99 | (6) |
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105 | (6) |
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111 | (11) |
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122 | (2) |
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124 | (2) |
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126 | (3) |
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129 | (4) |
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6 Shallow-water and coastal tides |
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133 | (22) |
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6.1 Introduction: some observations |
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133 | (1) |
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6.2 Hydrodynamic distortions |
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133 | (3) |
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6.3 Representation by higher harmonics |
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136 | (3) |
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139 | (4) |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (5) |
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149 | (6) |
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7 Storm surges, meteotsunamis and other meteorological effects on sea level |
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155 | (34) |
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155 | (1) |
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7.2 The depth-averaged (2-D) equations |
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155 | (1) |
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156 | (8) |
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7.4 Statistics of tidal residuals |
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164 | (1) |
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165 | (5) |
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170 | (2) |
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7.7 Wave set-up and surf beat |
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172 | (1) |
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7.8 Air pressure-related changes of sea level in the world ocean |
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173 | (16) |
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189 | (34) |
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189 | (3) |
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192 | (7) |
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8.3 Tsunami propagation across the ocean |
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199 | (4) |
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8.4 Coastal shoaling and runup |
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203 | (3) |
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8.5 Tsunami signals in sea-level and bottom pressure data |
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206 | (1) |
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8.6 Sea-level and related technologies for tsunami monitoring |
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207 | (8) |
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8.7 Tsunami further reading |
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215 | (8) |
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9 Spatial variations in sea level |
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223 | (29) |
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223 | (1) |
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9.2 The International Terrestrial Reference Frame |
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223 | (1) |
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9.3 The Global Positioning System |
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224 | (3) |
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227 | (1) |
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9.5 Satellites and the Mean Sea Surface |
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227 | (6) |
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9.6 Satellites and the geoid |
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233 | (7) |
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9.7 Models of the MSS, geoid and MDT |
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240 | (3) |
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243 | (1) |
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9.9 Towards a global vertical datum |
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243 | (9) |
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10 Mean sea-level changes in time |
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252 | (44) |
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252 | (1) |
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252 | (2) |
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10.3 Mesoscale variability in sea level |
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254 | (2) |
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10.4 The seasonal cycle of MSL |
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256 | (3) |
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259 | (2) |
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261 | (1) |
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10.7 Air pressure-related sea-level variability |
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262 | (2) |
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10.8 Large-scale patterns of interannual variability |
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264 | (4) |
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10.9 Long-term changes in sea level |
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268 | (8) |
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10.10 Understanding sea-level change |
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276 | (4) |
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10.11 Future rise in mean and extreme sea levels |
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280 | (16) |
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11 Sea-level changes in time to do with the solid Earth |
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296 | (22) |
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296 | (1) |
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11.2 Techniques for measuring vertical land movement |
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296 | (5) |
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11.3 Glacial Isostatic Adjustment |
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301 | (2) |
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11.4 Tectonic sea-level changes |
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303 | (4) |
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11.5 Man-made crustal movements |
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307 | (1) |
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11.6 Geophysical fingerprints of sea-level change |
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308 | (1) |
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309 | (9) |
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12 Sea-level applications |
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318 | (27) |
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318 | (1) |
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319 | (8) |
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327 | (2) |
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12.4 Lagoons and channels |
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329 | (2) |
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331 | (4) |
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12.6 Emersion--submersion probabilities |
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335 | (2) |
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12.7 Flood warning systems |
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337 | (4) |
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12.8 Economics of coastal defences |
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341 | (4) |
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345 | (16) |
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345 | (1) |
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345 | (1) |
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346 | (5) |
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351 | (3) |
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13.5 The sea-level present |
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354 | (1) |
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13.6 The sea-level future |
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355 | (6) |
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Appendix A Basic hydrostatic and hydrodynamic equations |
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361 | (2) |
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A.1 The hydrostatic equation |
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361 | (1) |
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361 | (1) |
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A.3 The horizontal momentum equations |
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361 | (2) |
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363 | (5) |
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363 | (2) |
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365 | (3) |
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Appendix C High and low water times and heights from harmonic constituents |
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368 | (2) |
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Appendix D Theoretical tidal dynamics |
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370 | (6) |
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D.1 Long progressive waves, no rotation |
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370 | (2) |
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372 | (1) |
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D.3 Long waves on a rotating Earth |
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373 | (1) |
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D.4 Co-tidal and co-amplitude lines |
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374 | (2) |
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Appendix E Legal definitions in the coastal zone |
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376 | (4) |
Glossary |
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380 | (9) |
Index |
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389 | |