This book describes recent studies of soil behaviour in strong ground motion one of the most important and problematic issues in engineering seismology. Destructive earthquakes worldwide show us the damage of structures located on soil foundations; therefore, reliable and adequate estimations of in situ soil behaviour during strong motion are needed. The effects of soil response proved to be more complicated and diverse than we thought previously. Additionally to well-known amplification of seismic waves in near-surface softer layers, resonant phenomena and nonlinearity of soil response, during the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, we observed soil hardening and generation of abnormally high accelerations. The author suggests a method for studying these effects in situ, to forecast soil behaviour in future earthquakes. The method is based on processing records of seismic vertical arrays, which are widely developed in the world and should help us in understanding soil response during earthquakes.
The book is addressed to a wide range of seismologists, geotechnical earthquake engineers and physicists.
Chapter
1. Dynamic Properties of Soils.
Chapter 2. Methods for
Calculation of Ground Response During Strong Motion.
Chapter 3. Nonlinear
Soil Behaviour During Recent Strong Earthquakes.
Chapter
4. Soil Hardening
and Generation of Abnormally High PGAs During the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and
Other Earthquakes.
Chapter
5. Nonlinear Components in Soil Response.-
Chapter
6. Nonlinear Transformations of Seismic Waves in Soil Layers,
High-Order Spectra and Coherences as Characteristics of Nonlinearity.-
Chapter
7. Seismic Microzonation Methods Accounting for Nonlinear Soil
Response.
Olga V. Pavlenko is Doctor of Science and senior researcher at the Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of Russian Academy of Sciences. She graduated from Lomonosov Moscow State University, Physical Department. Her main research topic is estimation of seismic hazard and development of recommendations for implementation of building codes for seismic resistant design and construction (including EUROCODE). In 2000-2005, she studied the effect of strong ground motion on soil behavior in cooperation with Japanese and Taiwanese seismologists (Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI) of Kyoto University and National Center for Research in Earthquake Engineering (NCREE) in Taipei, Taiwan). Last years, she works in the field of seismic hazard estimation in Russia for seismic zonation and resistant design and construction. The research topic is particularly relevant for construction of so-called critical objects like nuclear power plants and underground facilities.
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