This book will present a thorough overview of the seismoelectric phenomenon. Authors first introduce the underlying physics of the seismoelectric effect at the microscale. After that, they explain the two different types of mechanical to electromagnetic coupling that can occur, and what each of these two phenomena can bring them extra compared to conventional geophysical methods like seismic or electromagnetic methods. After this introduction, they theoretically go in depth in several theoretical chapters, and explain the latest developments in seismoelectric theory. They pay close attention to the assumptions made for which this theory holds, and discuss what extensions are needed in the future.
The theoretical chapters are followed with some experimental laboratory chapters. Here, authors present laboratory results on different aspects of the seismoelectric phenomenon: from streaming potential electrokinetic measurements to wave propagation experiments and borehole measurements. Next, they present several numerical modeling examples, explaining the theoretical and laboratory observations better. After this, they present some discussions on field equipment and field tests as well, including a commercially shot seismoelectric record using vibroseis trucks.
Authors conclude with an application section, where in several chapters different (possible) applications of the seismoelectric method are being discussed. They present oil and gas exploration oriented applications, like borehole surveys (horizontal and vertical), cross-well experiments and surface seismoelectric surveys. They also dive into groundwater applications. Then, they examine the seismoelectric effect related to earthquakes and/or volcanoes, and how these types of signals might help with earthquake or volcanic eruption predictions.
Authors plan to get the majority of the submissions from their 2014 AGU session as chapters of the book, combined with extra contributions from the seismoelectric community all over the world.
List of Contributors ix
Foreword 1: Steve Pride xiii
Foreword 2: M Nafi Toksöz xv
Preface xvii
Part I: Theory 1
1 The Microscale Origin of the Seismoelectric Effect: Electrokinetics,
Streaming Potential 3
Niels Grobbe and André Revil
2 The Governing Set of Coupled Seismo-electromagnetic Equations 9
Niels Grobbe, André Revil, and Evert Slob
3 Greens Functions for Moment Tensor Sources Including the Double Couple
Source 31
Yongxin Gao and Hengshan Hu
Part II: Laboratory Experiments 47
4 Streaming Potential Measurements in Natural and Artificial Porous Samples
49
Luong Duy Thanh and Rudolf Sprik
5 Saturation Dependence of the Streaming Potential Coefficient 73
Laurence Jouniaux, Vincent Allčgre, Renaud Toussaint, and Fabio Zyserman
6 Seismoelectric Coupling Coefficients 101
Zhenya Zhu and M Nafi Toksöz
7 Laboratory Measurements of Coseismic Fields: Toward a Validation of
Prides Theory 109
Clarisse Bordes, Daniel Brito, Stéphane Garambois, Julia Holzhauer, Laurence
Jouniaux, and Michel Dietrich
8 Water Saturated Rock Sample in Air 123
Zhenya Zhu and M Nafi Toksöz
9 Porous Rock Samples in Water 129
Zhenya Zhu, M Nafi Toksöz, and Dan Burns
10 Seismoelectric Conversion in a Sample With Anisotropic Permeability 137
Zhenya Zhu, M Nafi Toksöz, and Xin Zhan
11 Scaled Physical Models: Layered Models 147
11a A Study of the Seismoelectric Effect of a Frozen-unfrozen Interface Based
Upon Ultrasonic Experiment 148
Zhengping Liu, Lei Yuan, Xin Zhang, Zhihui Liu, and Haiyan Wu
11b An Experimental Study to the Seismoelectric Responses of Unfrozen Water
Content 153
Zhengping Liu, Lang Song, and Lei Yuan
11c An Experimental Study of Rayleigh Waves Based on Seismoelectric
Measurements 160
Ziying Xiong, Zhengping Liu, and Kai Zhang
11d Scaled Layer Model 174
Zhenya Zhu, M Nafi Toksöz, and Jun Wang
12 Scaled Physical Models: Borehole Models 177
12a Borehole Model in a Horizontally Layered Strata 178
Zhenya Zhu, M Nafi Toksöz, and Matthijs W Haartsen
12b Borehole Model with Fractures 183
Zhenya Zhu and M Nafi Toksöz
13 Experimental Study of Correlation Imaging With Seismoelectromagnetic
Waves 191
Sareh Nakhaee and Rudolf Sprik
14 Tool Wave in Acoustic Logging While Drilling 203
Zhenya Zhu and M Nafi Toksöz
15 Multipole Seismoelectric Well Logging While Drilling 213
Zhenya Zhu, M Nafi Toksöz, and Xin Zhan
Part III: Numerical Modeling 217
16 Earthquake Sources: Moment Tensor Point Source 219
Yongxin Gao and Hengshan Hu
17 Earthquake Sources: Finite Fault Sources 235
Yongxin Gao and Hengshan Hu
18 Finite Element Modeling of Electroseismics and Seismoelectrics 245
Fabio Zyserman, Patricia Gauzellino, and Laurence Jouniaux
19 Seismoelectric Signals Produced by Mesoscopic Heterogeneities:
Spectroscopic Analysis of Fractured Media 269
Marina Rosas-Carbajal, Damien Jougnot, J Germįn Rubino, Leonardo Monachesi,
Niklas Linde, and Klaus Holliger
20 Evanescent EM Waves Generated by Seismoelectric Conversion at an
Interface 289
Hengxin Ren, Qinghua Huang, and Xiaofei Chen
Part IV: Field Experiments and Applications 319
21 Design of Field Instrumentation and Noise Removal Techniques for
Seismoelectric Measurements 321
J Christian Dupuis, Anton W Kepic, and Karl E Butler
22 Seismoelectric Field Measurements in Unconsolidated Sediments in
Comparison With Other Methods of Near-Surface Prospecting 347
Wolfgang Rabbel, Katja Iwanowski-Strahser, Matthias Strahser, Laura Dzieran,
and Martin Thorwart
23 Investigating the Interfacial Seismoelectric Response at Field Scale 365
Julia Holzhauer and Ugur Yaramanci
24 Seismoelectric Characterization of Ice Sheets and Glaciers 383
Bernd Kulessa, Stéphane Garambois, Michel Dietrich, Karl E Butler, Sarah S
Thompson, and Graham Stuart
25 Seismoelectric Ground Response to Local and Regional Earthquakes 401
Laura Dzieran, Wolfgang Rabbel, Martin Thorwart, and Oliver Ritter
26 Electromagnetic Signals Associated With Earthquakes: A Review of
Observations, Data Processing, and Mechanisms in China 415
Qinghua Huang, Peng Han, Katsumi Hattori, and Hengxin Ren
27 Field Observations of the Seismo-electromagnetic Effect Related to
Earthquakes 437
Yukio Fujinawa and Yoichi Noda
Nomenclature 451
Index 455
Niels Grobbe, University of Hawai'i at Mnoa, USA
André Revil, Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, France
Zhenya Zhu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
Evert Slob, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
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