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Semantics of Nouns [Hardback]

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Edited by (Lecturer in Linguistics and Translation Studies, The Australian National University)
  • Formāts: Hardback, 332 pages, height x width x depth: 241x180x28 mm, weight: 652 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 27-Apr-2017
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 019873672X
  • ISBN-13: 9780198736721
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Semantics of NounsPalielināt
  • Formāts: Hardback, 332 pages, height x width x depth: 241x180x28 mm, weight: 652 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 27-Apr-2017
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 019873672X
  • ISBN-13: 9780198736721
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9780198736721.html
Keywords:
This volume brings together the latest research on the semantics of nouns in both familiar and less well-documented languages, including English, Mandarin Chinese, Russian, the Papuan language Koromu, the Dravidian language Solega, and Pitjantjatjara/Yankunytjatjara from Australia. Chapters offer systematic and detailed analyses of scores of individual nouns across a range of conceptual domains, including 'people', 'places', and 'living things', with each analysis fully grounded in a unified methodological framework. They not only cover central theoretical issues specific to the analysis of the domain in question, but also empirically investigate the different types of meaning relations that hold between nouns, such as meronymy, hyponymy, taxonomy, and antonymy.

The collection of studies show how in-depth meaning analysis anchored in a cross-linguistic and cross-domain perspective can lead to unexpected insights into the common and particular ways in which speakers of different languages conceptualize, categorize, and order the world around them. This unique volume brings together a new generation of semanticists from across the globe, and will be of interest to researchers in linguistics, psychology, anthropology, biology, and philosophy.
List of figures and tables
ix
Abbreviations xi
About the contributors xiii
Acknowledgements xv
1 The semantics of nouns: A cross-linguistic and cross-domain perspective
1(18)
Zhengdao Ye
1.1 Words for people, places, and things
1(2)
1.2 Twin perspectives
3(2)
1.3 The tool for semantic analysis and representation
5(9)
1.4 The individual chapters
14(3)
1.5 Concluding remarks
17(2)
2 The meaning of kinship terms: A developmental and cross-linguistic perspective
19(44)
Anna Wierzbicka
2.1 Introduction: Kin terms and verbal definitions
19(3)
2.2 From Mummy and Daddy to Mother and Father
22(7)
2.3 Mummy and Daddy: Dialectal variation
29(4)
2.4 `Sister' and `brother': What linguists and psychologists say
33(3)
2.5 The stages in the semantic development of `brother' and `sister'---an NSM perspective
36(6)
2.6 Translating Proust into English: maman vs mummy vs mum
42(3)
2.7 `Grandmothers' and `grandfathers' in English and Russian
45(4)
2.8 Translating Chekhov's plays into English: `Uncles' in English and in Russian
49(5)
2.9 `Aunts' in English, Russian, and Polish
54(3)
2.10 `Son' and `daughter': The semantics of `converse' kin terms
57(3)
2.11 Concluding remarks
60(3)
3 The semantics of social relation nouns in Chinese
63(26)
Zhengdao Ye
3.1 Nouns denoting social relations: Circumstantial vs immutable categories
63(1)
3.2 The Chinese context
64(1)
3.3 Complementary vs converse semantic relations
65(3)
3.4 Describing semantic relations: Methodological issues
68(3)
3.5 Analysing complementary nouns in Chinese: Case studies
71(11)
3.6 A comparative perspective
82(2)
3.7 Opposites, nouns, and cultural scripts
84(2)
3.8 Semantics in social categories
86(3)
4 The meanings of `angel' in English, Arabic, and Hebrew
89(31)
Sandy Habib
4.1 Introduction
89(2)
4.2 Methodology
91(6)
4.3 English angels, Arabic mala'ika, and Hebrew mal'akhim
97(17)
4.4 The explications in full
114(4)
4.5 Conclusion
118(2)
5 Personhood constructs in language and thought: New evidence from Danish
120(27)
Carsten Levisen
5.1 Introduction
120(1)
5.2 Language and personhood
121(5)
5.3 Danish personhood constructs
126(14)
5.4 Perspectives and reflections
140(1)
5.5 Personhood constructs across time, registers, and social groups
140(2)
5.6 Semantics and ethnotheory
142(2)
5.7 Danish sind as a challenge to the English ethnotheory of mind
144(1)
5.8 Conclusion
145(2)
6 Some key body parts and polysemy: A case study from Koromu (Kesawai)
147(6)
Carol Priestley
6.1 Introduction
147(1)
6.2 Background information on Koromu
148(1)
6.3 Data collection and Natural Semantic Metalanguage tools
149(4)
6.4 Polysemy, allolexy, and exponents for body and part
153(27)
6.5 Semantic characteristics and templates for body part terms
157(2)
6.6 A brief overview of Koromu body part expressions
159(4)
6.7 Wapi `hands' and `arms'
163(3)
6.8 Ehi `legs', `feet', and `footprints (tracks)'
166(6)
6.9 Some visible parts of wapi and ehi
172(4)
6.10 Further comments on polysemy and unity of word form
176(1)
6.11 Concluding remarks
177(3)
Appendix 6.A Semantic primes: Exponents in English, Koromu (provisional), and Tok Pisin
178(2)
7 The semantics of standing-water places in English, French, and Pitjantjatjara/Yankunytjatjara
180(25)
Helen Bromhead
7.1 Introduction
180(3)
7.2 NSM in the landscape
183(3)
7.3 English words for standing-water places
186(4)
7.4 French words for standing-water places
190(5)
7.5 The difference between pond, etang, basin, and bassin
195(1)
7.6 Pitjantjatjara/Yankunytjatjara words for standing-water places
196(6)
7.7 Concluding remarks
202(3)
8 The semantics of demonyms in English: Germans, Queenslanders, and Londoners
205(16)
Michael Roberts
8.1 Demonyms: Words designating people of a place
205(1)
8.2 Problems of dictionary definitions and the use of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage
206(1)
8.3 Defining demonyms in NSM: An initial attempt
207(2)
8.4 Demonyms of different kinds
209(4)
8.5 Using `country' as a semantic molecule in explications for demonyms
213(4)
8.6 Further observations
217(3)
8.7 Conclusion
220(1)
9 The semantics of honeybee terms in Solega (Dravidian)
221(25)
Aung Si
9.1 Introduction
221(1)
9.2 Community and language
222(1)
9.3 Honeybees and other named insects
222(3)
9.4 Solega honeybee lore
225(1)
9.5 Complications and the role of corpora
226(4)
9.6 Explications
230(7)
9.7 Further questions
237(3)
9.8 Folk taxonomy
240(4)
9.9 Conclusions
244(2)
10 Furniture, vegetables, weapons: Functional collective superordinates in the English lexicon
246(36)
Cliff Goddard
10.1 Introduction: The semantics of superordinates
246(5)
10.2 Superordinates in psychology, computer science, and cognitive anthropology: A selective overview
251(3)
10.3 `Singular-only' functional collective superordinates: furniture, cutlery, crockery, jewellery
254(6)
10.4 `Plural-mostly' functional collective superordinates: vegetables, herbs, cosmetics
260(5)
10.5 `Countable' artefact superordinates: weapons, tools, vehicles
265(3)
10.6 Two issues for NSM semantics
268(2)
10.7 Concluding remarks
270(12)
Appendix 10.A Additional explications with brief supporting notes
272(4)
Appendix 10.B Collocational data on superordinates and selected hyponyms in WordBanks Online
276(2)
Appendix 10.C `Category norm' data on superordinates, with methodological notes
278(4)
References 282(25)
Index 307(7)
List of semantic explications 314
Zhengdao Ye is a Lecturer in Linguistics and Translation Studies at the Australian National University in Canberra. She received her undergraduate degree in Chinese Linguistics and Literature from the East China Normal University in Shanghai, and her Master's and Ph.D. degrees in Linguistics from the ANU. Her research interests encompass semantics, pragmatics, language and cognition, translation studies, ethnopsychology, and Chinese linguistics. She is the co-editor, with Cliff Goddard, of 'Happiness' and 'Pain' Across Languages and Cultures (John Benjamins 2016).