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E-grāmata: Soil Invertebrates: Kaleidoscope of Adaptations

(Dept. Ecological Science, VU University Amerstam, Netherlands)
  • Formāts: 406 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 27-Apr-2023
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781482231243
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Soil Invertebrates: Kaleidoscope of AdaptationsPalielināt
  • Formāts: 406 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 27-Apr-2023
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781482231243
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Soil invertebrates make up diverse communities living in soil pores and on the soil surface, digging burrows and tunnels, processing organic matter and interacting with microbes. Soil is also a habitat of growing concern as many human activities cause soil degradation. This book documents the evolutionary history of soil invertebrates and their multitude of adaptations. Soil invertebrates live in a twilight zone: some have gone down to seek stability, constancy and rest, others have gone up and faced environmental variation, heat, cold and activity. And it all happens in a few decimetres, millimetres sometimes. Check out the wonderful life below ground in this book.

Recenzijas

"Invertebrates are the most numerous and diverse multicellular component of the soil fauna. In this text, Straalen (emer., Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) provides comprehensive overviews of the biology, taxonomy, and evolution of soil invertebrates. He also examines their interactions with one another and how they influence the physical environment. This treatise offers a useful resource to practitioners of soil ecology and an introduction to advanced students interested in soils. The author's narrative is clear and approachable, the figures and tables are useful and well rendered, and citations are extensive and current. All ecologists will benefit by reading at least some portions of the text; plant ecologists and meiobenthologists will benefit most. The former will better understand plant-soil interactions; the latter will find interesting parallels among the organisms they study."

S. R. Fegley, emeritus, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, December 2023 issue of CHOICE

Preface iii
1 The Selective Environment of the Soil
1(35)
1.1 The Ghilarov-Kennedy-Gisin-Bouche hypothesis
2(4)
1.2 Heterogeneity of soil temperature in space and time
6(5)
1.3 Soil pore water and acidity
11(6)
1.4 Bulk density, pores and burrows
17(4)
1.5 Humus forms
21(4)
1.6 The rhizosphere
25(5)
1.7 Microbial communities
30(6)
2 Evolution of Terrestrialized Invertebrate Lineages
36(52)
2.1 Animals of the pore water: nematodes and tardigrades
38(5)
2.2 Groundwater fauna: so many crustaceans
43(4)
2.3 From crustaceans to insects: Collembola and other apterygotes
47(5)
2.4 Soil and surface-active insects
52(5)
2.5 Terrestrializations among isopods, amphipods and decapods
57(5)
2.6 Soil invertebrates with many legs
62(5)
2.7 Spiders, mites and the like
67(8)
2.8 Flatworms, earthworms and potworms
75(6)
2.9 Snails and slugs, finally
81(3)
2.10 Terrestrialization scenarios
84(4)
3 Populations in Space and Time
88(51)
3.1 Population density and population size
89(5)
3.2 Production and turnover
94(4)
3.3 The importance of biogeographic history
98(5)
3.4 Limiting and density-regulating factors
103(4)
3.5 Iteroparity and indeterminate growth
107(4)
3.6 Life-histories in the soil profile
111(7)
3.7 Environmental tuning
118(6)
3.8 Spatial distribution and aggregation
124(4)
3.9 Movement and dispersal
128(4)
3.10 Genetic population structure and isolation by distance
132(7)
4 Reproduction and Development
139(40)
4.1 Asexual reproduction
140(3)
4.2 Parthenogenesis
143(5)
4.3 Parthenogenetic worms
148(3)
4.4 Parthenogenesis in Collembola
151(2)
4.5 Parthenogenesis in oribatid mites
153(3)
4.6 Reproductive manipulators
156(6)
4.7 Hermaphroditism
162(6)
4.8 The great switch to direct development
168(3)
4.9 Endless forms of limbs, most beautiful
171(4)
4.10 The mantle cavity of snails
175(4)
5 Mate Choice, Brood Care and Predatory Behaviour
179(44)
5.1 Indirect sperm transfer
181(2)
5.2 Mating dances of pseudoscorpions
183(2)
5.3 Mate choice in spiders and mites
185(5)
5.4 Selective spermatophore handling in springtails
190(4)
5.5 Courtship in bristletails, silverfish and crickets
194(4)
5.6 Sexual selection in dung beetles
198(4)
5.7 Mating behaviour of hermaphroditic earthworms
202(3)
5.8 Bizarre reproductive behaviours in land snails
205(5)
5.9 Brood care and the origin of social behaviour
210(7)
5.10 Predatory behaviour
217(6)
6 Physiological Adaptation and Microbial Interactions
223(72)
6.1 Patterns of metabolic rate
225(5)
6.2 Temperature responses
230(5)
6.3 Cold hardiness
235(7)
6.4 Drought resistance and anhydrobiosis
242(8)
6.5 Osmoregulation
250(5)
6.6 Surviving the heat
255(2)
6.7 Dealing with toxins
257(6)
6.8 Adaptation to heavy metals
263(8)
6.9 Parasites, pathogens and symbionts
271(9)
6.10 The soil invertebrate gut microbiome
280(8)
6.11 Horizontal gene transfer
288(7)
7 A Kaleidoscope of Adaptations
295(7)
8 Annexes
302(15)
8.1 Summary data and literature references for annual mean densities
302(6)
8.2 Summary of demographic theory showing how production is calculated from population structure
308(2)
8.3 Data and literature references on P/B ratios
310(4)
8.4 Normalizing measured metabolic rates to reference body weight and temperature
314(2)
8.5 References for host-parasite associations
316(1)
References 317(56)
Index 373
Nico M. van Straalen is Em. Professor of Animal Ecology at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, where he headed a research program on ecology of soil invertebrates. He specialized in ecotoxicology, molecular ecology and evolutionary biology. He became mainly known for his contributions to environmental risk assessment of soil pollution but has many other research interests like human evolution and the origin of life. This book builds on his expertise on springtails, isopods, mites and earthworms.
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