Atjaunināt sīkdatņu piekrišanu

Space Electronic Reconnaissance: Localization Theories and Methods [Hardback]

  • Formāts: Hardback, 416 pages, height x width x depth: 252x175x23 mm, weight: 730 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 24-Jun-2014
  • Izdevniecība: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1118542193
  • ISBN-13: 9781118542194
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
  • Hardback
  • Cena: 159,99 €
  • Grāmatu piegādes laiks ir 3-4 nedēļas, ja grāmata ir uz vietas izdevniecības noliktavā. Ja izdevējam nepieciešams publicēt jaunu tirāžu, grāmatas piegāde var aizkavēties.
  • Daudzums:
  • Ielikt grozā
  • Piegādes laiks - 4-6 nedēļas
  • Pievienot vēlmju sarakstam
  • Bibliotēkām
  • Formāts: Hardback, 416 pages, height x width x depth: 252x175x23 mm, weight: 730 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 24-Jun-2014
  • Izdevniecība: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1118542193
  • ISBN-13: 9781118542194
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Because space electronic reconnaissance (SER) is used mostly in warfare, details of the technology are generally confidential and difficult to find. A Chinese research team looking for information about SER geolocation presents in a systematic order information they have managed to gather. Their topics include fundamentals of satellite orbit and geolocation, single-satellite geolocation systems based on direction finding, dual-satellite geolocation based on time difference of arrival (TDOA) and frequency difference of arrival (FDOA), satellite-to-satellite passive orbit determination by bearings only, and satellite-to-satellite passive tracking based on angle and frequency information. Annotation ©2014 Ringgold, Inc., Portland, OR (protoview.com)

Presents the theories and applications of determining the position of an object in space through the use of satellites

As the importance of space reconnaissance technology intensifies, more and more countries are investing money in building their own space reconnaissance satellites. Due to the secrecy and sensitivity of the operations, it is hard to find published papers and journals on the topic outside of military and governmental agencies. This book aims to fill the gap by presenting the various applications and basic principles of a very modern technology. The space electronic reconnaissance system in mono/multi-satellite platforms is a critical feature which can be used for detection, localization, tracking or identification of the various kinds of signal sources from radar, communication or navigation systems.

Localization technology in space electronic reconnaissance uses single or multiple satellite receivers which receive signals from radar, communication and navigation emitters in the ground, ocean and space to specify the location of emitter. The methods, principles and technologies of different space electronic reconnaissance localization systems are introduced in this book, as are their performances, and the various methods are explained and analysed. Digital simulations illustrate the results.

  • Presents the theories and applications of determining the position of an object in space through the use of satellites
  • Introduces methods, principles and technologies of localization and tracking in the space electronic reconnaissance system, the localization algorithm and error in satellite system and near space platform system, and the tracking algorithm and error in single satellite-to-satellite tracking system
  • Provides the fundamentals, the mathematics, the limitations, the measurements, and systems, of localization with emphasis on defence industry applications

Highly relevant for Engineers working in avionics, radar, communication, navigation and electronic warfare.

Chapters include:- the introduction of space electronic reconnaissance localization technology, knowledge about the satellite orbit and basic terminology of passive localization, single satellite geolocation technology based on direction finding, three-satellite geolocation technology based on time difference of arrival (TDOA), two-satellite geolocation technology based on TDOA and frequency difference of arrival (FDOA), the single satellite localization technology based on kinematics theory, localization principles of near-space platform electronic reconnaissance systems, the orbit determination of single satellite-to-satellite tracking using bearings only(BO) information, the orbit determination of single satellite-to-satellite tracking using bearings and frequency information, the orbit determination of single satellite-to-satellite tracking using frequency only(FO) information. Each chapter ends with a problem and solution section, some using Matlab code.

Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Acronyms xvii
1 Introduction to Space Electronic Reconnaissance Geolocation 1(12)
1.1 Introduction
1(2)
1.2 An Overview of Space Electronic Reconnaissance Geolocation Technology
3(6)
1.2.1 Geolocation of an Emitter on the Earth
3(5)
1.2.2 Tracking of an Emitter on a Satellite
8(1)
1.2.3 Geolocation by Near-Space Platforms
9(1)
1.3 Structure of a Typical SER System
9(2)
References
11(2)
2 Fundamentals of Satellite Orbit and Geolocation 13(34)
2.1 An Introduction to the Satellite and Its Orbit
13(5)
2.1.1 Kepler's Three Laws
13(2)
2.1.2 Classification of Satellite Orbits
15(3)
2.2 Orbit Parameters and State of Satellite
18(3)
2.2.1 Orbit Elements of a Satellite
18(2)
2.2.2 Definition of Several Arguments of Perigee and Their Correlations
20(1)
2.3 Definition of Coordinate Systems and Their Transformations
21(6)
2.3.1 Definition of Coordinate Systems
21(4)
2.3.2 Transformation between Coordinate Systems
25(2)
2.4 Spherical Model of the Earth for Geolocation
27(3)
2.4.1 Regular Spherical Model for Geolocation
27(1)
2.4.2 Ellipsoid Model of the Earth
27(3)
2.5 Coverage Area of a Satellite
30(3)
2.5.1 Approximate Calculation Method for the Coverage Area
30(1)
2.5.2 Examples of Calculation of the Coverage Area
31(2)
2.5.3 Side Reconnaissance Coverage Area
33(1)
2.6 Fundamentals of Geolocation
33(5)
2.6.1 Spatial Geolocation Plane
34(1)
2.6.2 Spatial Line of Position (LOP)
34(4)
2.7 Measurement Index of Geolocation Errors
38(6)
2.7.1 General Definition of Error
38(2)
2.7.2 Geometrical Dilution of Precision (GDOP)
40(1)
2.7.3 Graphical Representation of the Geolocation Error
40(1)
2.7.4 Spherical Error Probability (SEP) and Circular Error Probability (CEP)
41(3)
2.8 Observability Analysis of Geolocation
44(1)
References
45(2)
3 Single-Satellite Geolocation System Based on Direction Finding 47(32)
3.1 Direction Finding Techniques
47(10)
3.1.1 Amplitude Comparison DF Technique
48(1)
3.1.2 Interferometer DF Technique
49(6)
3.1.3 Array-Based DF Technique
55(2)
3.1.4 Other DF Techniques
57(1)
3.2 Single-Satellite LOS Geolocation Method and Analysis
57(7)
3.2.1 Model of LOS Geolocation
57(2)
3.2.2 Solution of LOS Geolocation
59(1)
3.2.3 CRLB of the LOS Geolocation Error
60(2)
3.2.4 Simulation and Analysis of the LOS Geolocation Error
62(1)
3.2.5 Geometric Distribution of the LOS Geolocation Error
63(1)
3.3 Multitimes Statistic LOS Geolocation
64(9)
3.3.1 Single-Satellite Multitimes Triangulation
65(1)
3.3.2 Average for Single-Satellite Multitimes Geolocation
66(1)
3.3.3 Weighted Average for Single-Satellite Multitimes Geolocation
67(1)
3.3.4 Simulation of Single-Satellite LOS Geolocation
67(6)
3.4 Single HEO Satellite LOS Geolocation
73(4)
3.4.1 Analysis of Single GEO Satellite LOS Geolocation
73(1)
3.4.2 Geosynchronous Satellite Multitimes LOS Geolocation
74(3)
References
77(2)
4 Multiple Satellites Geolocation Based on TDOA Measurement 79(54)
4.1 Three-Satellite Geolocation Based on a Regular Sphere
80(8)
4.1.1 Three-Satellite Geolocation Solution Method
80(2)
4.1.2 Multisatellite TDOA Geolocation Method
82(3)
4.1.3 CRLB of a Multisatellite TDOA Geolocation Error
85(1)
4.1.4 Osculation Error of the Spherical Earth Model
86(2)
4.2 Three-Satellite Geolocation Based on the WGS-84 Earth Surface Model
88(14)
4.2.1 Analytical Method
89(3)
4.2.2 Spherical Iteration Method
92(2)
4.2.3 Newton Iteration Method
94(2)
4.2.4 Performance Comparison among the Three Solution Methods
96(4)
4.2.5 Altitude Input Location Algorithm
100(2)
4.3 Ambiguity and No-Solution Problems of Geolocation
102(7)
4.3.1 Ambiguity Problem of Geolocation
102(4)
4.3.2 No-Solution Problem of Geolocation
106(3)
4.4 Error Analysis of Three-Satellite Geolocation
109(8)
4.4.1 Analysis of the Random Geolocation Error
109(3)
4.4.2 Analysis of Bias Caused by Altitude Assumption
112(2)
4.4.3 Influence of Change of the Constellation Geometric Configuration on GDOP
114(3)
4.5 Calibration Method of the Three-Satellite TDOA Geolocation System
117(13)
4.5.1 Four-Station Calibration Method and Analysis
117(8)
4.5.2 Three-Station Calibration Method
125(5)
References
130(3)
5 Dual-Satellite Geolocation Based on TDOA and FDOA 133(44)
5.1 Introduction of TDOA—FDOA Geolocation by a Dual-Satellite
133(3)
5.1.1 Explanation of Dual-Satellite Geolocation Theory
133(1)
5.1.2 Structure of Dual-Satellite TDOA—FDOA Geolocation System
134(2)
5.2 Dual LEO Satellite TDOA—FDOA Geolocation Method
136(8)
5.2.1 Geolocation Model
136(2)
5.2.2 Solution Method of Algebraic Analysis
138(3)
5.2.3 Approximate Analytical Method for Same-Orbit Satellites
141(2)
5.2.4 Method for Eliminating an Ambiguous Geolocation Point
143(1)
5.3 Error Analysis for TDOA—FDOA Geolocation
144(8)
5.3.1 Analytic Method for the Geolocation Error
144(2)
5.3.2 GDOP of the Dual LEO Satellite Geolocation Error
146(5)
5.3.3 Analysis of Various Factors Influencing GDOP
151(1)
5.4 Dual HEO Satellite TDOA—FDOA Geolocation
152(13)
5.4.1 Dual Geosynchronous Orbit Satellites TDOA—FDOA Geolocation
152(3)
5.4.2 Calibration Method Based on Reference Sources
155(4)
5.4.3 Calibration Method Using Multiple Reference Sources
159(5)
5.4.4 Flow of Calibration and Geolocation
164(1)
5.5 Method of Measuring TDOA and FDOA
165(9)
5.5.1 The Cross-Ambiguity Function
165(1)
5.5.2 Theoretical Analysis on the TDOA—FDOA Measurement Performance
166(2)
5.5.3 Segment Correlation Accumulation Method for CAF Computation
168(4)
5.5.4 Resolution of Multiple Signals of the Same Time and Same Frequency
172(2)
References
174(3)
6 Single-Satellite Geolocation System Based on the Kinematic Principle 177(26)
6.1 Single-Satellite Geolocation Model
177(2)
6.2 Single-Satellite Single-Antenna Frequency-Only Based Geolocation
179(4)
6.2.1 Frequency-Only Based Geolocation Method
179(1)
6.2.2 Analysis of the Geolocation Error
180(1)
6.2.3 Analysis of the Frequency-Only Based Geolocation Error
181(2)
6.3 Single-Satellite Geolocation by the Frequency Changing Rate Only
183(3)
6.3.1 Model of Geolocation by the Frequency Changing Rate Only
183(2)
6.3.2 CRLB of the Geolocation Error
185(1)
6.3.3 Geolocation Simulation
186(1)
6.4 Single-Satellite Single-Antenna TOA-Only Geolocation
186(6)
6.4.1 Model and Method of TOA-Only Geolocation
186(3)
6.4.2 Analysis of the Geolocation Error
189(3)
6.4.3 Geolocation Simulation
192(1)
6.5 Single-Satellite Interferometer Phase Rate of Changing-Only Geolocation
192(9)
6.5.1 Geolocation Model
192(3)
6.5.2 Geolocation Algorithm
195(1)
6.5.3 CRLB of the Geolocation Error
196(1)
6.5.4 Calculation Analysis of the Geolocation Error
197(4)
References
201(2)
7 Geolocation by Near-Space Platforths 203(24)
7.1 An Overview of Geolocation by Near-Space Platforms
203(1)
7.1.1 Near-Space Platform Overview
203(1)
7.1.2 Geolocation by the Near-Space Platform
204(1)
7.2 Multiplatform Triangulation
204(7)
7.2.1 Theory of 2D Triangulation
204(1)
7.2.2 Error Analysis for Dual-Station Triangulation
205(2)
7.2.3 Optimal Geometric Configuration of Observers
207(4)
7.3 Multiplatform TDOA Geolocation
211(6)
7.3.1 Theory of Multiplatform TDOA Geolocation
211(1)
7.3.2 2D TDOA Geolocation Algorithm
212(3)
7.3.3 TDOA Geolocation Using the Altitude Assumption
215(1)
7.3.4 3D TDOA Geolocation Algorithm
215(2)
7.4 Localization Theory by a Single Platform
217(8)
7.4.1 Measurement Model of Localization
218(1)
7.4.2 A 2D Approximate Localization Method
219(2)
7.4.3 MGEKF (Modified Gain Extended Kalman Filter) Localization Method
221(2)
7.4.4 Simulation
223(2)
References
225(2)
8 Satellite-to-Satellite Passive Orbit Determination by Bearings Only 227(34)
8.1 Introduction
227(1)
8.2 Model and Method of Bearings-Only Passive Tracking
227(8)
8.2.1 Mathematic Model in the Case of the Two-Body Problem
228(1)
8.2.2 Tracking Method in the Case of the Two-Body Model
229(3)
8.2.3 Mathematical Model Considering J2 Perturbation of Earth Oblateness
232(1)
8.2.4 Tracking Method Considering J2 Perturbation of Earth Oblateness
233(2)
8.3 System Observability Analysis
235(4)
8.3.1 Description Method for System Observability
235(1)
8.3.2 Influence of Factors on the State Equation
236(1)
8.3.3 Influence of Factors on the Measurement Equation
237(2)
8.4 Tracking Simulation and Analysis
239(19)
8.4.1 Simulation in the Case of the Two-Body Model
241(10)
8.4.2 Simulation Considering J2 Perturbation of Earth Oblateness
251(7)
8.5 Summary
258(1)
References
259(2)
9 Satellite-to-Satellite Passive Tracking Based on Angle and Frequency Information 261(50)
9.1 Introduction of Passive Tracking
261(1)
9.2 Tracking Model and Method
262(6)
9.2.1 Mathematic Model in the Case of the Two-Body Model
262(1)
9.2.2 Tracking Method in the Case of the Two-Body Model
263(3)
9.2.3 Mathematical Models Considering J2 Perturbation of Earth Oblateness
266(1)
9.2.4 Tracking Method Considering J2 Perturbation of Earth Oblateness
267(1)
9.3 System Observability Analysis
268(9)
9.3.1 Influence of Factors of the State Equation
269(1)
9.3.2 Influence of Factors of the Measurement Equation
269(8)
9.4 Simulation and Its Analysis
277(31)
9.4.1 Simulation in the Case of the Two-Body Model
278(18)
9.4.2 Simulation Considering J2 Perturbation of Earth Oblateness
296(12)
9.5 Summary
308(1)
References
309(2)
10 Satellite-to-Satellite Passive Orbit Determination Based on Frequency Only 311(38)
10.1 The Theory and Mathematical Model of Passive Orbit Determination Based on Frequency Only
313(4)
10.1.1 The Theory of Orbit Determination Based on Frequency Only
313(1)
10.1.2 The System Model in the Case of the Two-Body Model
313(2)
10.1.3 The System Model for J2 Perturbation of Earth Oblateness
315(2)
10.2 Satellite-to-Satellite Passive Orbit Determination Based on PSO and Frequency
317(3)
10.2.1 Introduction of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
317(2)
10.2.2 Orbit Determination Method Based on the PSO Algorithm
319(1)
10.3 System Observability Analysis
320(9)
10.3.1 Simulation Scenario 1
322(1)
10.3.2 Simulation Scenario 2
323(2)
10.3.3 Simulation Scenario 3
325(4)
10.4 CRLB of the Orbit Parameter Estimation Error
329(4)
10.5 Orbit Determination and Tracking Simulation and Its Analysis
333(15)
10.5.1 Simulation in the Case of the Two-Body Model
334(13)
10.5.2 Simulation in the Case of Considering the Perturbation
347(1)
References
348(1)
11 A Prospect of Space Electronic Reconnaissance Technology 349(2)
Appendix Transformation of Orbit Elements, State and Coordinates of Satellites in Two-Body Motion 351(4)
Index 355
Fucheng Guo, National University of Defense Technology, P.R. China

Yun Fan, National University of Defense Technology, P.R. China

Yiyu Zhou, National University of Defense Technology, P.R. China

Caigen Zhou, National University of Defense Technology, P.R. China

Qiang Li, National University of Defense Technology, P.R. China