Preface |
|
ix | |
Acknowledgments |
|
x | |
Plan of the hook |
|
xi | |
|
|
xii | |
|
|
1 | (60) |
|
1 Spectrum management around the world |
|
|
3 | (21) |
|
1.1 The uses of radio spectrum |
|
|
3 | (6) |
|
1.2 Why spectrum needs managing |
|
|
9 | (2) |
|
1.3 National spectrum regulation |
|
|
11 | (3) |
|
1.4 International spectrum regulation |
|
|
14 | (3) |
|
1.5 Differences across countries and regions |
|
|
17 | (1) |
|
1.6 Global, regional, or national spectrum management? |
|
|
18 | (3) |
|
1.7 Successes and challenges |
|
|
21 | (3) |
|
2 The technical challenge |
|
|
24 | (18) |
|
|
24 | (1) |
|
2.2 Transmitting a radio signal |
|
|
24 | (4) |
|
2.3 How signals propagate |
|
|
28 | (5) |
|
2.4 Mechanisms of interference |
|
|
33 | (5) |
|
2.5 Tolerance of interference |
|
|
38 | (2) |
|
2.6 The need for regulation |
|
|
40 | (2) |
|
3 The economic challenge: a basic primer on spectrum economics |
|
|
42 | (19) |
|
3.1 Characteristics of spectrum as an economic resource |
|
|
42 | (2) |
|
3.2 What is an efficient allocation of spectrum across uses? |
|
|
44 | (1) |
|
3.3 A more realistic formulation of the problem |
|
|
45 | (1) |
|
3.4 The broad range of modes of access to spectrum |
|
|
46 | (1) |
|
3.5 Alternative ways of allocating and assigning spectrum |
|
|
47 | (11) |
|
|
58 | (3) |
|
Part II Economic management of spectrum |
|
|
61 | (86) |
|
4 Using auctions to assign spectrum |
|
|
63 | (31) |
|
|
63 | (1) |
|
4.2 Some types and effects of auctions |
|
|
63 | (2) |
|
4.3 Designing mechanisms to award spectrum licenses |
|
|
65 | (3) |
|
4.4 The spectrum auction process |
|
|
68 | (2) |
|
|
70 | (2) |
|
|
72 | (2) |
|
|
74 | (11) |
|
4.8 Combinatorial clock auctions |
|
|
85 | (3) |
|
|
88 | (3) |
|
|
91 | (3) |
|
5 Other aspects of spectrum auction design |
|
|
94 | (19) |
|
|
94 | (1) |
|
|
94 | (3) |
|
|
97 | (1) |
|
5.4 Ensuring a competitive auction |
|
|
98 | (5) |
|
5.5 Auctions and downstream competition |
|
|
103 | (6) |
|
5.6 Can demand for unlicensed spectrum be accommodated in a spectrum auction? |
|
|
109 | (2) |
|
|
111 | (2) |
|
|
113 | (15) |
|
|
113 | (1) |
|
6.2 Spectrum secondary markets |
|
|
114 | (1) |
|
6.3 Forms of spectrum trading |
|
|
115 | (2) |
|
6.4 Competition concerns and other objections to spectrum trading |
|
|
117 | (3) |
|
6.5 Spectrum trading in practice |
|
|
120 | (5) |
|
|
125 | (3) |
|
7 Spectrum pricing and valuation |
|
|
128 | (19) |
|
|
128 | (1) |
|
7.2 The separate components of spectrum prices |
|
|
129 | (3) |
|
7.3 Finding opportunity-cost prices: an initial approach |
|
|
132 | (3) |
|
7.4 Interrelations among opportunity-cost estimates |
|
|
135 | (2) |
|
7.5 Opportunity-cost spectrum pricing in practice |
|
|
137 | (3) |
|
7.6 Other pricing applications in practice |
|
|
140 | (3) |
|
7.7 Administrative prices and trading |
|
|
143 | (1) |
|
|
144 | (3) |
|
Part III Sharing and other emerging approaches to spectrum management |
|
|
147 | (58) |
|
8 Spectrum sharing and the commons |
|
|
149 | (13) |
|
8.1 Basic approach to commons |
|
|
149 | (3) |
|
8.2 The tragedy of the commons |
|
|
152 | (2) |
|
8.3 Restriction on usage in various bands |
|
|
154 | (3) |
|
8.4 The Ofcom Licence-Exemption Framework Review |
|
|
157 | (3) |
|
|
160 | (2) |
|
9 Dynamic spectrum access |
|
|
162 | (30) |
|
|
162 | (1) |
|
9.2 Approaches to dynamic access |
|
|
163 | (4) |
|
9.3 Licensed shared access |
|
|
167 | (1) |
|
9.4 Unlicensed shared access |
|
|
168 | (4) |
|
9.5 Advantages and disadvantages of shared access |
|
|
172 | (2) |
|
9.6 Example 1: TV white space |
|
|
174 | (10) |
|
9.7 Example 2: US 3.5 GHz band |
|
|
184 | (1) |
|
9.8 Example 3: government sharing |
|
|
185 | (2) |
|
9.9 In conclusion: the need to increase flexibility |
|
|
187 | (5) |
|
10 Controlling interference: licensing and receivers |
|
|
192 | (13) |
|
|
192 | (1) |
|
10.2 Spectrum usage rights |
|
|
192 | (5) |
|
|
197 | (8) |
|
Part IV Case studies and conclusions |
|
|
205 | (53) |
|
11 The struggle for the UHF band |
|
|
207 | (24) |
|
|
207 | (1) |
|
11.2 Broadcasting, the digital switch-over, and current trends |
|
|
208 | (4) |
|
11.3 Broadcasting technical options |
|
|
212 | (3) |
|
11.4 Mobile data, national broadband plans, and spectrum management |
|
|
215 | (2) |
|
11.5 Smartphones and the data crunch |
|
|
217 | (2) |
|
11.6 Resolving noneconomic valuation issues |
|
|
219 | (2) |
|
11.7 Finding an efficient allocation for the 700 MHz band |
|
|
221 | (5) |
|
11.8 The struggle for the UHF band: the options |
|
|
226 | (2) |
|
|
228 | (1) |
|
11.10 Implications for spectrum management |
|
|
229 | (2) |
|
12 Public-sector spectrum use |
|
|
231 | (10) |
|
|
231 | (1) |
|
12.2 Differences between commercial and public-sector use |
|
|
232 | (2) |
|
12.3 A program of reform of public spectrum use |
|
|
234 | (5) |
|
12.4 An example of public-sector spectrum reform: the UK |
|
|
239 | (1) |
|
|
240 | (1) |
|
13 Spectrum and the wider economy |
|
|
241 | (11) |
|
|
241 | (1) |
|
13.2 Spectrum, spectrum-using services, and their impact on welfare |
|
|
241 | (2) |
|
13.3 Effects of spectrum-using services on GDP and employment |
|
|
243 | (1) |
|
13.4 Effects of spectrum-using services on productivity |
|
|
244 | (4) |
|
|
248 | (1) |
|
|
249 | (3) |
|
|
252 | (6) |
|
|
252 | (2) |
|
14.2 Our agenda to improve spectrum use |
|
|
254 | (2) |
|
|
256 | (2) |
About the authors |
|
258 | (2) |
Index |
|
260 | |