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Digitālo tiesību pārvaldība (Digital Rights Management (DRM))
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Acknowledgements *
List of Tables *
List of Abbreviations*
Chapter One: Introduction*
1.1 Regulation of Artificial Intelligence: The European Context*
1.2 Regulation of Artificial Intelligence: The Canadian Administrative Context*
1.3 Equality Rights: Disparate Impact in ADM*
1.3.1 Case Study: Disparate Impact in the COMPAS ADM *
1.4 Situating Disparate Impact in the Charter*
1.5 The Role of Standards in Protecting Human Rights*
1.5.1 Narrowing the Scope of Administrative Law *
1.5.2 Soft Law and Its Status in Judicial Review *
1.6 Methodology*
Chapter Two: Administrative Law and Standards for the Control of Algorithmic Bias*
2.1 Foundational Principles: Transparency, Deference and Proportionality*
2.1.1 Transparency *
2.1.2 Deference *
2.1.3 Proportionality *
2.2 Reasonableness Review*
2.2.1 Illustrative Scenario *
2.3 Standards to Mitigate the Creation of Biased Predictions*
2.3.1 Construct Validity *
2.3.2 Representativeness of Input Data *
2.3.3 Knowledge Limits *
2.3.4 Measurement Validity in Model Inputs *
2.3.5 Measurement Validity in Output Variables *
2.3.6 Accuracy of Input Data *
2.4 Standards for the Evaluation of Predictions*
2.4.1 Accuracy of Predictions and Inferences: Uncertainty *
2.4.2 Individual Fairness *
2.5 Chapter Summary: Proposed Standards for the Control of Algorithmic Bias*
Chapter Three: Substantive Equality and Standards for the Measurement of Disparity*
3.1 The Measure of Disparity in the Prima Facie Test of Discrimination*
3.2 Legislative and Policy Approaches to the Measurement of Disparity*
3.3 The Supreme Court of Canada on Measures of Disparity in Fraser*
3.4 Disaggregated Data*
3.5 Chapter Summary: Standards for the Measurement of Disparity*
Chapter Four: Implementation Recommendations*
4.1 Overview of the Standards Framework*
4.2 Implementing the Standards Framework*
Chapter Five: Conclusions and Further Research*
References*