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E-grāmata: Strengthening the Disaster Resilience of the Academic Biomedical Research Community: Protecting the Nation's Investment

  • Formāts: 450 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 20-Oct-2017
  • Izdevniecība: National Academies Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309462501
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  • Formāts: 450 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 20-Oct-2017
  • Izdevniecība: National Academies Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309462501
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The academic biomedical research community is a hub of employment, economic productivity, and scientific progress. Academic research institutions are drivers of economic development in their local and state economies and, by extension, the national economy. Beyond the economic input that the academic biomedical research community both receives and provides, it generates knowledge that in turn affects society in myriad ways.





The United States has experienced and continues to face the threat of disasters, and, like all entities, the academic biomedical research community can be affected. Recent disasters, from hurricanes to cyber-attacks, and their consequences have shown that the investments of the federal government and of the many other entities that sponsor academic research are not uniformly secure. First and foremost, events that damage biomedical laboratories and the institutions that house them can have impacts on the safety and well-being of humans and research animals. Furthermore, disasters can affect career trajectories, scientific progress, and financial stability at the individual and institutional levels.





Strengthening the Disaster Resilience of the Academic Biomedical Research Community offers recommendations and guidance to enhance the disaster resilience of the academic biomedical research community, with a special focus on the potential actions researchers, academic research institutions, and research sponsors can take to mitigate the impact of future disasters.

Table of Contents



Front Matter Summary PART I: OVERVIEW OF DISASTERS AND THE ACADEMIC BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH COMMUNITY 1 The Academic Biomedical Research Community - Vital to the Nation 2 Impacts of Prior Disasters on the Academic Biomedical Research Community 3 Defining the Academic Biomedical Research Community in the Context of Disaster Resilience PART II: THE PROCESS FOR ADVANCING DISASTER RESILENCE 4 Foundations in Community Resilience and the National Preparedness System 5 Prevention, Protection, and Mitigation Planning 6 Response and Recovery Planning PART III: SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS 7 Disaster Resilience and Animal Research Programs 8 A Resilient Built Environment for the Research Enterprise 9 Funding a Resilient Mission 10 The Essential Role of Research Sponsors APPENDIXES Appendix A: Study Methods Appendix B: Partnerships and Peer Networks Appendix C: Laws, Regulations, and Standards Related to Academic Research Institutions and Disaster Resilience Appendix D: Guidance Documents Appendix E: Florida International University: Disaster Resilience and Hurricane Matthew Appendix F: Committee Biographical Sketches
Acronyms And Abbreviations xxiii
Glossary xxix
Summary 1(20)
PART I OVERVIEW OF DISASTERS AND THE ACADEMIC BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH COMMUNITY
1 The Academic Biomedical Research Community-Vital to the Nation
21(28)
Study Charge
23(2)
The Importance of the Academic Biomedical Research Community
25(11)
Economy
27(2)
Knowledge
29(1)
The United States: A Global Leader in Biomedical and Biological Research
30(6)
Disasters and the Academic Biomedical Research Community
36(5)
Overview of the Increasing Frequency, Costs, and Impacts of Disasters
36(3)
The Impact of Prior Disasters on the Academic Biomedical Research Community: In Brief
39(2)
About This Report
41(2)
Overview of the Study Process
41(1)
Report Audiences
42(1)
Organization of the Report
42(1)
Concluding Observations
43(1)
References
44(5)
2 Impacts Of Prior Disasters On The Academic Biomedical Research Community
49(36)
Impacts on the Individual Researcher: Faculty, Staff, Students
50(8)
Loss of Ability to Get to and from Work
51(1)
Loss of Work Environment
52(1)
Loss of Employment
53(1)
Personal and Psychological Impacts
54(2)
Career Impacts
56(2)
Impacts on the Academic Research Institution
58(19)
Buildings
58(3)
Animals
61(4)
Samples, Reagents, and Specialized Research Equipment
65(1)
Hazardous Agents: Chemical, Biological, and Radiological
65(2)
Utilities and Other Critical Infrastructure
67(4)
Information Technology
71(1)
Interruptions to Supply Chains and Critical Services
71(1)
Human Capital
72(2)
Monetary Costs
74(1)
Legal Environment
75(2)
Impacts on the Research Sponsor
77(1)
Fiscal
77(1)
Redirection of Research
77(1)
Impacts on the Science
78(1)
Concluding Observations
79(2)
References
81(4)
3 Defining The Academic Biomedical Research Community In The Context Of Disaster Resilience
85(52)
Core Staff Functions of an Academic Research Institution
88(23)
The Principal Investigator and Individual Research Laboratories
90(3)
The Academic Research Institution
93(12)
Governing Bodies
105(6)
Special Features of an Academic Research Institution
111(8)
Research Space
111(3)
Equipment and Expertise Cores
114(1)
Supply Chain
115(1)
Research Involving Animals
116(1)
Data
117(1)
Samples
118(1)
Reagents
118(1)
Hazardous Reagents and Select Agents
118(1)
Financial Aspects of an Academic Research Institution
119(6)
Insurance and Clinical Practice
120(1)
University Revenue
120(2)
Research Sponsors
122(3)
Concluding Observations
125(5)
References
130(7)
PART II THE PROCESS FOR ADVANCING DISASTER RESILIENCE
4 Foundations In Commuity Resilience And The National Preparedness System
137(28)
Community Resilience
138(5)
Broadly Examining Resilience at the Institutional Level
140(2)
Broadly Examining Resilience at the Research Enterprise Level
142(1)
The National Preparedness System
143(2)
The National Planning Frameworks
143(2)
Integration Among the National Planning Frameworks
145(13)
Planning
146(10)
Public Information and Warning
156(1)
Operational Coordination
157(1)
Concluding Observations
158(2)
References
160(5)
5 Prevention, Protection, And Mitigation Planning
165(34)
Prevention Planning
166(3)
Protection Planning
169(13)
Partnerships and Coordinating Structures
170(2)
Key Protection Capabilities
172(10)
Mitigation Planning
182(10)
Enterprise Risk Management
185(3)
Business Continuity Planning
188(4)
Concluding Observations
192(3)
References
195(4)
6 Response And Recovery Planning
199(44)
Common Patterns in Disaster Response and Recovery
200(3)
Communications
201(1)
Heroes
202(1)
Research Animals
202(1)
First Responders
203(1)
Response Planning
203(17)
Key Response Capabilities
204(16)
Recovery Planning
220(15)
General Discussion of the Recovery Phase
223(1)
The Recovery Plan
224(3)
What to Expect and When
227(4)
Recommended Priorities for Recovery
231(1)
Resources---What, When, and How Much?
232(1)
Defining and Measuring Recovery Success
232(3)
Concluding Observations
235(2)
References
237(6)
PART III SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
7 Disaster Resilience And Animal Research Programs
243(24)
The Presence of Animals in a Disaster
244(1)
Regulatory Requirements and Guidelines
245(4)
Factors That Affect the Success of Plans
249(3)
The Complexity of the Research Animal Housing Environment
249(1)
Consolidation of Research Animals into Centralized Facilities
250(1)
The Prevailing Attitude That a Disaster Will Not Occur
251(1)
Planning for Animal Research Programs
252(7)
Prevention, Protection, and Mitigation Planning
252(3)
Response and Recovery Planning
255(4)
Concluding Observations
259(3)
References
262(5)
8 A Resilent Built Environment For The Research Enterprise
267(28)
What Does the Academic Research Institution Need from the Built Environment?
268(2)
The Current Built Environment of the Research Enterprise
270(4)
Holistic Resilience Planning for the Built Environment
274(11)
Application of the NIST Planning Guide
277(8)
Case Study---University of Washington Conceptual Plan to Improve Resilience
285(4)
Building Clusters
286(1)
Established Performance Goals
286(1)
Assessing Current Conditions
287(1)
Developing and Implementing Prioritized Programs
288(1)
Concluding Observations
289(3)
References
292(3)
9 Funding A Resilient Mission
295(34)
Individual Researcher Considerations
297(1)
Pre-Disaster Financial Considerations
297(1)
Post-Disaster Financial Considerations
298(1)
Research Department Considerations
298(5)
Pre-Disaster Financial Considerations
298(2)
Post-Disaster Financial Considerations
300(3)
Academic Research Institution Considerations
303(11)
Insurance and Enterprise Risk Management
303(4)
Payroll and Cash Expenditures
307(1)
Capital Planning and Resource Allocation
308(5)
Role of Philanthropy and Endowments
313(1)
Funding Pathways
314(3)
Federal Programs and Their Applications
314(1)
Non-Federal Resources and Their Applications
314(3)
Challenges in Applying for Funding
317(1)
Overcoming Barriers to Funding
317(4)
Technical Requirements
317(3)
Financial Incentives
320(1)
Concluding Observations
321(3)
References
324(5)
10 The Essential Role Of Research Sponsors
329(28)
Research Sponsor Responsibilities: Fostering Resilience
331(8)
Capital Infrastructure Resilience
332(2)
Animal Welfare Resilience
334(1)
Research-Related Assets Resilience
335(3)
Chemical, Biological, and Radiological Threat Resilience
338(1)
Gaps in Research Sponsor Resilience Efforts
339(2)
Research Sponsor Responsibilities: Facilitating Response and Recovery
341(2)
Gaps in Sponsor Response and Recovery Efforts
343(1)
The Healthcare and Public Health Critical Infrastructure Sector
344(2)
Concluding Observations
346(4)
References
350(7)
APPENDIXES
A Study Methods
357(18)
B Partnerships and Peer Networks
375(10)
C Laws, Regulations, and Standards Related to Academic Research Institutions and Disaster Resilience
385(10)
D Guidance Documents
395(4)
E Florida International University: Disaster Resilience and Hurricane Matthew
399(10)
F Committee Biographical Sketches
409