Acknowledgements |
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13 | (1) |
Disclaimer |
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14 | (1) |
Introduction |
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15 | (8) |
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Whom this book is intended to help |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (5) |
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The structure and content |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (3) |
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Part 1 Making Sense of Substance-Related Bereavements |
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1 Making Sense of Bereavement |
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23 | (8) |
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23 | (1) |
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The experience of grieving and why it happens |
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24 | (4) |
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27 | (1) |
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Complexities and difficulties in grieving |
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28 | (3) |
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28 | (2) |
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Death following bereavement |
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30 | (1) |
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2 Three Useful Theories for Bereavement Support |
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31 | (18) |
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31 | (2) |
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33 | (2) |
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35 | (4) |
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Integrating the three theories |
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39 | (7) |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (2) |
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Anxious ambivalent attachment |
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42 | (2) |
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44 | (2) |
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Summary of the three theories and how they integrate |
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46 | (3) |
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3 Making Sense of Substance Use |
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49 | (16) |
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49 | (2) |
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Different types of substances |
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50 | (1) |
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The range of substance-using behaviour |
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51 | (3) |
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Theories of addiction - Section by Jan Larkin |
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54 | (3) |
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Substance use and co-occurring difficulties |
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57 | (2) |
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How problematic and addictive substance use changes |
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59 | (3) |
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My recovery after 20 years of crack and heroin use - Section by Jas Sahota |
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62 | (3) |
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4 How Addictive Substance Use Can Affect a Family |
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65 | (16) |
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Key ideas for understanding families affected by substance use |
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65 | (2) |
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Addictive substance use in a family |
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67 | (8) |
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The beginnings of addiction |
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67 | (1) |
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67 | (2) |
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Support, love and education |
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69 | (2) |
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Control, blame and punishment |
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71 | (1) |
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Withdrawing and accepting the reality of addiction |
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71 | (2) |
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Family conflict and breakdown 12 Addiction over the longer term |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (2) |
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Families' experiences of services |
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75 | (1) |
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The influence of attachment on how family members respond to addiction |
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76 | (2) |
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Grieving before the death |
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78 | (3) |
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5 Substance-Related Bereavement |
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81 | (20) |
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An overview of substance-related deaths - Section by Zoe Swithenbank |
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81 | (6) |
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82 | (2) |
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84 | (1) |
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The United States of America |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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Findings from the first large-scale research project into substance-related bereavements - Section by Christine Valentine, with Jennifer McKell and Lorna Templeton |
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87 | (5) |
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87 | (1) |
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88 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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Experiences of substance-related bereavements |
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92 | (9) |
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A bereaved father's experience - Roger Kirby |
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92 | (2) |
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A bereaved mother's experience - Stella Hurd |
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94 | (3) |
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Debbie and Maxine - a bereaved sister's experience - Michelle Michael |
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97 | (4) |
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6 Making Sense of Substance-Related Bereavements |
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101 | (24) |
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102 | (2) |
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Unfinished business associated with the person who died and their substance use |
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104 | (3) |
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Unfinished business from the impact of substance-using behaviour |
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105 | (2) |
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Unfinished business that is only apparent after the death |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (6) |
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Common characteristics of grief |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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110 | (2) |
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112 | (1) |
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Stigma, disenfranchised grief and lack of social support |
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113 | (3) |
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The impact of stigma on bereavement |
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113 | (1) |
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114 | (1) |
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115 | (1) |
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Coping with specific difficulties |
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116 | (9) |
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117 | (1) |
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Difficulties through the kinship relationship with the person who died |
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118 | (2) |
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Difficulties with official procedures and media intrusion |
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120 | (5) |
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Part 2 How to Support Someone Bereaved Through a Substance-Related Death |
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125 | (22) |
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126 | (2) |
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Good-practice ideas for working with substance-related stigma and disenfranchised bereavement |
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128 | (4) |
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129 | (1) |
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Managing your risk of stigmatising and disenfranchising a client |
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129 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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Meeting across your differences |
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131 | (1) |
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`Who am I, now they are gone?' Considering identity, culture and context - Section by Carmen Joanne Ablack |
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132 | (7) |
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Differences, diversity and intersectionality |
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133 | (1) |
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General considerations for working with differences and diversity |
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134 | (2) |
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Gender, sexual and relationship diversity (GSRD) |
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136 | (1) |
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137 | (1) |
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Culture, ethnicity, religion and heritage factors |
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138 | (1) |
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Informing yourself about substances |
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139 | (1) |
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Offering to educate and interpret |
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140 | (2) |
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140 | (2) |
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`Grounding' an overwhelmed or traumatised client |
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142 | (2) |
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Seeing clients within the context of their family |
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144 | (1) |
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`Endings' in bereavement support |
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144 | (3) |
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8 Supporting a Bereaved Person |
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147 | (16) |
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147 | (1) |
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147 | (5) |
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148 | (1) |
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How to provide this support |
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149 | (3) |
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Developing a client's self- and social support |
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152 | (11) |
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153 | (1) |
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Identifying and developing a client's support |
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154 | (2) |
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156 | (3) |
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A way to oscillate and thereby manage grieving - putting `grief in a box' |
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159 | (1) |
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Ways to engage with loss orientation |
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160 | (1) |
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Ways to engage with restoration orientation |
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161 | (1) |
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... and when nothing seems to work |
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162 | (1) |
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9 Bereavement Counselling |
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163 | (20) |
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Expressing and regulating the emotions of grief |
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164 | (9) |
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Differences in emotional expression |
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164 | (1) |
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165 | (2) |
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167 | (5) |
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172 | (1) |
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Cognitive understanding and making meaning |
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173 | (6) |
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Facilitating making meaning |
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175 | (3) |
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178 | (1) |
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Adapting to a changed life |
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179 | (4) |
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Facilitating adaptation work |
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180 | (1) |
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181 | (2) |
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10 Themes in Bereavement Counselling |
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183 | (14) |
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184 | (1) |
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Recognition and acceptance of the death |
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184 | (3) |
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186 | (1) |
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How the client is coping and what support they need |
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187 | (1) |
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Relationship with the person who died |
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187 | (1) |
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The death and its aftermath |
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188 | (1) |
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189 | (3) |
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192 | (1) |
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193 | (2) |
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What a client wants for their future |
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195 | (2) |
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11 Anxiety, Stress and Traumatic Bereavement |
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197 | (16) |
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197 | (2) |
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Working with anxiety and stress in bereavement |
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199 | (1) |
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199 | (5) |
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What is trauma and how does it happen? |
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200 | (2) |
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The characteristics of traumatic bereavement |
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202 | (2) |
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204 | (1) |
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Assessing whether a client is traumatised |
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204 | (2) |
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The signs and symptoms of trauma |
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205 | (1) |
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Counselling a traumatically bereaved client |
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206 | (2) |
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A safe and effective way of counselling |
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207 | (1) |
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Two skills a traumatised client needs to develop |
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208 | (1) |
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Developing a traumatised client's support |
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208 | (5) |
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213 | (6) |
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Working through unfinished business |
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214 | (5) |
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215 | (4) |
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219 | (12) |
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Shame and guilt: Similar yet different emotions |
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219 | (2) |
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Considerations for working with shame and guilt |
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219 | (2) |
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Understanding shame and stigma in substance-related bereavements |
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221 | (2) |
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221 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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How clients can feel shame |
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222 | (1) |
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Implications for bereavement counselling |
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223 | (1) |
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Ideas for working with shame |
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223 | (8) |
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Recognising when a client feels shame |
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224 | (1) |
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How to relate to a client who is ashamed |
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224 | (2) |
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Building clients'self-support |
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226 | (1) |
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Working with shame beliefs and associated thinking |
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227 | (1) |
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228 | (1) |
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228 | (3) |
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14 Anger, Blame and Guilt |
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231 | (26) |
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Anger in substance-related bereavements |
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231 | (3) |
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Ideas for working with anger |
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232 | (2) |
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Blame and guilt in substance-related bereavements |
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234 | (4) |
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General considerations for working with blame and guilt |
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236 | (2) |
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Blame and guilt that are warranted |
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238 | (2) |
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238 | (2) |
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240 | (1) |
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Blame and guilt that are seemingly unwarranted |
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240 | (5) |
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Blame and guilt that result from unrealistic expectations |
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240 | (1) |
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Guilt for feeling relief that a loved one has died |
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241 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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Blame and guilt that serve a purpose |
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242 | (2) |
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244 | (1) |
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Parent and other attachment figure guilt |
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245 | (3) |
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248 | (3) |
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248 | (2) |
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How far can a client forgive? |
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250 | (1) |
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Common difficulties with blame and guilt and ideas to help |
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251 | (1) |
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Living with residual anger, blame and guilt |
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252 | (5) |
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257 | (12) |
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The depressive response to bereavement - |
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257 | (2) |
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259 | (1) |
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Assessing whether a client is depressed |
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259 | (3) |
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261 | (1) |
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Working with a client's depressive response |
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262 | (7) |
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263 | (2) |
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Working with a depressive adjustment to bereavement |
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265 | (1) |
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265 | (4) |
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16 Counselling Clients Who Use Medication, Alcohol or Drugs |
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269 | (18) |
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Medication and substance use by bereaved people |
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269 | (2) |
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Why substance use might increase |
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269 | (1) |
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Is it a trait or a state? |
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270 | (1) |
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The substances bereaved people may use |
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270 | (1) |
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How to work with a client's non-addictive substance use |
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271 | (4) |
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Counselling dynamics created by substance use |
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271 | (1) |
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272 | (1) |
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How to work with substance use |
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273 | (1) |
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When to refer to specialist help |
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274 | (1) |
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Bereavement counselling for clients who use substances in a non-addictive way |
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275 | (1) |
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Joint working - Section by Rual Gibson and Peter Cartwright |
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276 | (1) |
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Bereavement counselling for clients who use substances addictively - Section by Rual Gibson and Peter Cartwright |
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277 | (5) |
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How to work with a bereaved client who is in recovery |
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279 | (3) |
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Supporting people bereaved through the loss of a client who used substances - Section by Rual Gibson and Peter Cartwright |
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282 | (3) |
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Supporting bereaved staff |
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283 | (2) |
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Substance use treatment services and bereaved families - Section by Rual Gibson and Peter Cartwright |
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285 | (2) |
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17 Later Bereavement, and How Far Can We Help? |
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287 | (10) |
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Potential characteristics of long-term adaptation |
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287 | (2) |
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Existential aspects of bereavement |
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289 | (1) |
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Worldview and spirituality |
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290 | (3) |
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292 | (1) |
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293 | (4) |
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Part 3 Examples of Good Practice |
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The BEAD (Bereaved through Alcohol and Drugs) Project - Section by Fiona Turnbull, with Jane Shackman and Oliver Standing |
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297 | (3) |
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298 | (1) |
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Lessons from the BEAD project |
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299 | (1) |
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Bereavement through addiction - Section by Pete Weinstock |
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300 | (2) |
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301 | (1) |
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The difficulties we encounter and how they are worked with |
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301 | (1) |
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DrugFAM - Section by Elizabeth Burton-Phillips |
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302 | (3) |
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PASS (Family Addiction Support Service) - Section by Marlene Taylor |
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305 | (2) |
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Scottish Families Affected by Alcohol & Drugs - Bereavement Support Service - Section by Justina Murray and Scott Clements |
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307 | (3) |
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How creative writing can benefit people bereaved through a substance-related death - Section by Christina Thatcher |
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310 | (3) |
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Examples from abroad - Section by Lorna Templeton |
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313 | (2) |
References |
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315 | (12) |
Subject Index |
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327 | (4) |
Author Index |
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331 | |