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E-grāmata: Surfing Uncertainty: Prediction, Action, and the Embodied Mind

4.08/5 (358 ratings by Goodreads)
(Professor of Logic and Metaphysics, University of Edinburgh)
  • Formāts: 304 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 02-Oct-2015
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780190217037
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Surfing Uncertainty: Prediction, Action, and the Embodied MindPalielināt
  • Formāts: 304 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 02-Oct-2015
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780190217037
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How is it that thoroughly physical material beings such as ourselves can think, dream, feel, create and understand ideas, theories and concepts? How does mere matter give rise to all these non-material mental states, including consciousness itself? An answer to this central question of our existence is emerging at the busy intersection of neuroscience, psychology, artificial intelligence, and robotics.

In this groundbreaking work, philosopher and cognitive scientist Andy Clark explores exciting new theories from these fields that reveal minds like ours to be prediction machines - devices that have evolved to anticipate the incoming streams of sensory stimulation before they arrive. These predictions then initiate actions that structure our worlds and alter the very things we need to engage and predict. Clark takes us on a journey in discovering the circular causal flows and the self-structuring of the environment that define "the predictive brain." What emerges is a bold, new, cutting-edge vision that reveals the brain as our driving force in the daily surf through the waves of sensory stimulation.

Recenzijas

Surfing Uncertainty will be a much discussed and seminal work in the field of the philosophy of cognitive science. * David D. Hutto, Australasian Journal of Philosophy * A stimulating read for anyone interested in the intersection of neuroscience and philosophy of mind from a scientific perspective. * Library Journal * A wonderful book...Clark's Surfing Uncertainty will become an essential point of departure for philosophers and cognitive scientists trying to come to grips with the apparatus of predictive processing. * Metascience * This is a truly important book. It is evocatively written and reflects a truly gargantuan amount of work. It sets the stage for future debates not only about the empirical merits of Bayesian characterizations of human cognition, but also the broader philosophical picture in which such Bayesian characterizations are embedded. I predict that many of us will be reading, discussing, and analysing this book in the months and years to come. * British Journal for the Philosophy of Science *

Preface: Meat That Predicts xiii
Acknowledgements xvii
Introduction: Guessing Games 1(12)
I THE POWER OF PREDICTION
1 Prediction Machines
13(40)
1.1 Two Ways to Sense the Coffee
13(1)
1.2 Adopting the Animal's Perspective
14(3)
1.3 Learning in Bootstrap Heaven
17(2)
1.4 Multilevel Learning
19(3)
1.5 Decoding Digits
22(1)
1.6 Dealing with Structure
23(2)
1.7 Predictive Processing
25(3)
1.8 Signalling the News
28(1)
1.9 Predicting Natural Scenes
29(4)
1.10 Binocular Rivalry
33(4)
1.11 Suppression and Selective Enhancement
37(2)
1.12 Encoding, Inference, and the Bayesian Brain
39(2)
1.13 Getting the Gist
41(2)
1.14 Predictive Processing in the Brain
43(2)
1.15 Is Silence Golden?
45(2)
1.16 Expecting Faces
47(2)
1.17 When Prediction Misleads
49(2)
1.18 Mind Turned Upside Down
51(2)
2 Adjusting the Volume (Noise, Signal, Attention)
53(31)
2.1 Signal Spotting
53(1)
2.2 Hearing Bing
54(3)
2.3 The Delicate Dance between Top-Down and Bottom-Up
57(2)
2.4 Attention, Biased Competition, and Signal Enhancement
59(5)
2.5 Sensory Integration and Coupling
64(1)
2.6 A Taste of Action
65(1)
2.7 Gaze Allocation: Doing What Comes Naturally
66(3)
2.8 Circular Causation in the Perception-Attention-Action Loop
69(2)
2.9 Mutual Assured Misunderstanding
71(4)
2.10 Some Worries about Precision
75(3)
2.11 The Unexpected Elephant
78(1)
2.12 Some Pathologies of Precision
79(3)
2.13 Beyond the Spotlight
82(2)
3 The Imaginarium
84(27)
3.1 Construction Industries
84(1)
3.2 Simple Seeing
85(1)
3.3 Cross-Modal and Multimodal effects
86(1)
3.4 Meta-Modal Effects
87(2)
3.5 Perceiving Omissions
89(3)
3.6 Expectations and Conscious Perception
92(1)
3.7 The Perceiver as Imaginer
93(1)
3.8 `Brain Reading' During Imagery and Perception
94(4)
3.9 Inside the Dream Factory
98(4)
3.10 PIMMS and the Past
102(2)
3.11 Towards Mental Time Travel
104(3)
3.12 A Cognitive Package Deal
107(4)
II EMBODYING PREDICTION
4 Prediction-Action Machines
111(28)
4.1 Staying Ahead of the Break
111(1)
4.2 Ticklish Tales
112(3)
4.3 Forward Models (Finessing Time)
115(2)
4.4 Optimal Feedback Control
117(3)
4.5 Active Inference
120(4)
4.6 Simplified Control
124(2)
4.7 Beyond Efference Copy
126(2)
4.8 Doing Without Cost Functions
128(5)
4.9 Action-Oriented Predictions
133(1)
4.10 Predictive Robotics
134(1)
4.11 Perception-Cognition-Action Engines
135(4)
5 Precision Engineering: Sculpting the Flow
139(29)
5.1 Double Agents
139(1)
5.2 Towards Maximal Context-Sensitivity
140(3)
5.3 Hierarchy Reconsidered
143(3)
5.4 Sculpting Effective Connectivity
146(4)
5.5 Transient Assemblies
150(1)
5.6 Understanding Action
151(3)
5.7 Making Mirrors
154(3)
5.8 Whodunit?
157(2)
5.9 Robot Futures
159(4)
5.10 The Restless, Rapidly Responsive, Brain
163(4)
5.11 Celebrating Transience
167(1)
6 Beyond Fantasy
168(35)
6.1 Expecting the World
168(1)
6.2 Controlled Hallucinations and Virtual Realities
169(2)
6.3 The Surprising Scope of Structured Probabilistic Learning
171(4)
6.4 Ready for Action
175(6)
6.5 Implementing Affordance Competition
181(3)
6.6 Interaction-Based Joints in Nature
184(4)
6.7 Evidentiary Boundaries and the Ambiguous Appeal to Inference
188(4)
6.8 Don't Fear the Demon
192(2)
6.9 Hello World
194(2)
6.10 Hallucination as Uncontrolled Perception
196(1)
6.11 Optimal Illusions
197(2)
6.12 Safer Penetration
199(2)
6.13 Who Estimates the Estimators?
201(1)
6.14 Gripping Tales
202(1)
7 Expecting Ourselves (Creeping Up On Consciousness)
203(40)
7.1 The Space of Human Experience
203(1)
7.2 Warning Lights
204(2)
7.3 The Spiral of Inference and Experience
206(2)
7.4 Schizophrenia and Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements
208(1)
7.5 Simulating Smooth Pursuit
209(2)
7.6 Disturbing the Network (Smooth Pursuit)
211(2)
7.7 Tickling Redux
213(3)
7.8 Less Sense, More Action?
216(2)
7.9 Disturbing the Network (Sensory Attenuation)
218(1)
7.10 `Psychogenic Disorders' and Placebo Effects
219(2)
7.11 Disturbing the Network (`Psychogenic' Effects)
221(2)
7.12 Autism, Noise, and Signal
223(4)
7.13 Conscious Presence
227(4)
7.14 Emotion
231(4)
7.15 Fear in the Night
235(2)
7.16 A Nip of the Hard Stuff
237(6)
III SCAFFOLDING PREDICTION
8 The Lazy Predictive Brain
243(26)
8.1 Surface Tensions
243(1)
8.2 Productive Laziness
244(1)
8.3 Ecological Balance and Baseball
245(4)
8.4 Embodied Flow
249(1)
8.5 Frugal Action-Oriented Prediction Machines
250(2)
8.6 Mix `n' Match Strategy Selection
252(3)
8.7 Balancing Accuracy and Complexity
255(1)
8.8 Back to Baseball
256(4)
8.9 Extended Predictive Minds
260(2)
8.10 Escape from the Darkened Room
262(3)
8.11 Play, Novelty, and Self-Organized Instability
265(3)
8.12 Fast, Cheap, and Flexible Too
268(1)
9 Being Human
269(26)
9.1 Putting Prediction in Its Place
269(1)
9.2 Reprise: Self-Organizing around Prediction Error
270(1)
9.3 Efficiency and `The Lord's Prior'
271(1)
9.4 Chaos and Spontaneous Cortical Activity
272(3)
9.5 Designer Environments and Cultural Practices
275(4)
9.6 White Lines
279(2)
9.7 Innovating for Innovation
281(1)
9.8 Words as Tools for Manipulating Precision
282(3)
9.9 Predicting with Others
285(3)
9.10 Enacting Our Worlds
288(3)
9.11 Representations: Breaking Good?
291(3)
9.12 Prediction in the Wild
294(1)
10 Conclusions: The Future of Prediction
295(6)
10.1 Embodied Prediction Machines
295(2)
10.2 Problems, Puzzles, and Pitfalls
297(4)
Appendix 1 Bare Bayes 301(4)
Appendix 2 The Free-Energy Formulation 305(2)
Notes 307(22)
References 329(48)
Index 377
Andy Clark is Professor of Logic and Metaphysics in the School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, at Edinburgh University in Scotland. He is the author of Being There: Putting Brain, Body And World Together Again (1997), Mindware (OUP, 2nd Edition 2014), Natural-Born Cyborgs: Minds, Technologies and the Future of Human Intelligence (OUP, 2003), and Supersizing the Mind: Embodiment, Action, and Cognitive Extension (OUP, 2008). His interests include artificial intelligence, embodied cognition, robotics, and the predictive mind.
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