Preface |
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xv | |
Book Citations |
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xix | |
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PART ONE Introduction to the Tax Law of Charitable Giving |
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1 Charitable Giving Law: Basic Concepts |
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3 | (32) |
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§ 1.1 Introduction to Charitable Contribution Deduction |
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3 | (2) |
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§ 1.2 Defining Tax-Exempt Organizations |
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5 | (3) |
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§ 1.3 Charitable Organizations Law Philosophy |
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8 | (15) |
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§ 1.4 Statistical Profile of Charitable Sector |
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23 | (6) |
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§ 1.5 History of Charitable Contribution Deduction |
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29 | (3) |
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§ 1.6 Charitable Contribution Deduction Reform Proposals |
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32 | (3) |
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35 | (94) |
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36 | (47) |
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§ 2.2 Definition of Donor |
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83 | (1) |
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§ 2.3 Definition of Charitable Organization |
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84 | (12) |
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§ 2.4 Public Charities and Private Foundations |
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96 | (17) |
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§ 2.5 Unrelated Business Law |
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113 | (8) |
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§ 2.6 Factors Affecting Income Tax Deductibility of Charitable Gifts |
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121 | (1) |
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§ 2.7 Charitable Organizations Listing Reliance Rules |
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122 | (4) |
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126 | (3) |
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3 Contributions Of Money And Property |
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129 | (24) |
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§ 3.1 Contributions of Money |
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129 | (1) |
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§ 3.2 Contributions of Property in General |
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130 | (2) |
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§ 3.3 Contributions of Long-Term Capital Gain Property in General |
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132 | (1) |
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§ 3.4 Contributions of Ordinary Income Property |
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132 | (4) |
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§ 3.5 Certain Contributions of Capital Gain Property |
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136 | (3) |
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§ 3.6 Contributions of Property for Unrelated Use |
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139 | (3) |
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§ 3.7 Step Transaction Doctrine |
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142 | (6) |
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148 | (5) |
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PART TWO Charitable Giving in General |
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4 Timing Of Charitable Deductions |
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153 | (22) |
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154 | (1) |
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§ 4.2 Contributions of Money in General |
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155 | (1) |
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§ 4.3 Contributions of Money by Check |
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155 | (3) |
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§ 4.4 Contributions of Money by Credit Card |
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158 | (1) |
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§ 4.5 Contributions of Money by Telephone |
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159 | (1) |
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§ 4.6 Contributions of Securities |
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159 | (3) |
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§ 4.7 Contributions of Copyright Interest |
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162 | (1) |
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§ 4.8 Contributions by Means of Notes |
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163 | (1) |
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§ 4.9 Contributions by Letters of Credit |
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163 | (1) |
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§ 4.10 Contributions of Property Subject to Option |
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164 | (1) |
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§ 4.11 Contributions of Stock Options |
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165 | (2) |
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§ 4.12 Contributions of Credit Card Rebates |
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167 | (1) |
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§ 4.13 Contributions of Tangible Personal Property |
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167 | (1) |
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§ 4.14 Contributions of Real Property |
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168 | (1) |
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§ 4.15 Contributions of Easements |
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168 | (1) |
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§ 4.16 Contributions by C Corporations |
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169 | (1) |
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§ 4.17 Contributions by S Corporations |
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170 | (1) |
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§ 4.18 Contributions by Partnerships |
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171 | (2) |
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§ 4.19 Contributions by Means of the Internet |
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173 | (2) |
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5 Limitations On Annual Deductibility |
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175 | (30) |
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176 | (3) |
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§ 5.2 Individuals' Contribution Base |
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179 | (1) |
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§ 5.3 Corporations' Taxable Income |
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179 | (1) |
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§ 5.4 Percentage Limitations: An Overview |
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180 | (2) |
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§ 5.5 Sixty Percent Limitation |
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182 | (1) |
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§ 5.6 Fifty Percent Limitation |
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183 | (3) |
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§ 5.7 Thirty Percent Limitation for Gifts of Certain Property |
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186 | (3) |
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§ 5.8 Electable 50 Percent Limitation |
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189 | (4) |
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§ 5.9 General 30 Percent Limitation |
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193 | (1) |
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§ 5.10 Interplay of 50 Percent/Special 30 Percent Limitations |
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194 | (1) |
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§ 5.11 Interplay of 50 Percent/General 30 Percent Limitations |
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194 | (1) |
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§ 5.12 Interplay of Special 30 Percent/General 30 Percent Limitations |
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195 | (1) |
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§ 5.13 Twenty Percent Limitation |
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195 | (1) |
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§ 5.14 Qualified Conservation Contribution Law |
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196 | (1) |
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§ 5.15 Conservation Gifts by Farmers and Ranchers |
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196 | (2) |
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§ 5.16 Gifts for the Use of Charity |
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198 | (1) |
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§ 5.17 Blending Percentage Limitations |
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199 | (1) |
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200 | (2) |
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§ 5.19 Information Requirements |
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202 | (1) |
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§ 5.20 Percentage Limitation for Corporations |
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202 | (3) |
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205 | (44) |
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205 | (2) |
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207 | (11) |
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218 | (16) |
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§ 6.4 Unification of Taxes |
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234 | (1) |
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§ 6.5 Remainder Interests |
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234 | (10) |
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§ 6.6 Ascertainability of Value of Charitable Interest |
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244 | (5) |
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7 Unique Charitable Contribution Laws |
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249 | (118) |
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250 | (4) |
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254 | (2) |
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256 | (8) |
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§ 7.4 Scientific Research Property |
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264 | (1) |
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§ 7.5 License to Use Patent |
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265 | (2) |
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§ 7.6 Easements and Other Conservation Property |
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267 | (25) |
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§ 7.7 S Corporation Stock |
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292 | (8) |
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300 | (2) |
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§ 7.9 Retirement Plan Accounts |
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302 | (7) |
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§ 7.10 Commodity Futures Contracts |
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309 | (2) |
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311 | (1) |
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312 | (7) |
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319 | (2) |
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§ 7.14 Unreimbursed Expenses |
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321 | (6) |
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§ 7.15 Limitation on Deduction for Expenses Due to Pleasure |
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327 | (4) |
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§ 7.16 Automobile Expenses |
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331 | (1) |
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331 | (1) |
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332 | (6) |
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§ 7.19 Property Subject to Debt |
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338 | (3) |
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§ 7.20 Future Interests in Tangible Personal Property |
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341 | (1) |
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§ 7.21 Contributions by Trusts |
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342 | (9) |
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351 | (1) |
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§ 7.23 Clothing and Household Items |
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352 | (1) |
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352 | (7) |
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§ 7.25 Intellectual Property |
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359 | (4) |
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§ 7.26 Foreign Tax Credit |
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363 | (1) |
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§ 7.27 Subsistence Whaling Expenses |
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364 | (1) |
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§ 7.28 Virtual Currency Transactions |
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365 | (2) |
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8 Additional Aspects Of Deductible Giving |
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367 | (50) |
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§ 8.1 Contributions by Means of an Agent |
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368 | (1) |
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§ 8.2 Contributions for the Use of Charity |
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369 | (2) |
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§ 8.3 Conditional Contributions |
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371 | (6) |
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§ 8.4 Earmarking of Contributions for Individuals |
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377 | (3) |
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§ 8.5 Interrelationship with Business Expense Deduction |
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380 | (2) |
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§ 8.6 Denial of Deduction for Lobbying Activities |
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382 | (1) |
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§ 8.7 Deductible Contributions to Noncharitable Organizations |
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383 | (5) |
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§ 8.8 Reallocation of Deductions |
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388 | (1) |
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§ 8.9 Funding of Terrorism |
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388 | (1) |
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§ 8.10 Statute of Limitations |
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389 | (1) |
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§ 8.11 Concept of Trust Income |
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389 | (4) |
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§ 8.12 Unrelated Business Income Charitable Deduction |
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393 | (1) |
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§ 8.13 Charitable Family Limited Partnerships |
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394 | (2) |
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§ 8.14 Abusive Tax Transactions |
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396 | (12) |
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§ 8.15 Public Policy Considerations |
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408 | (9) |
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PART THREE Planned Giving |
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9 Planned Giving And Valuation |
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417 | (18) |
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§ 9.1 Planned Giving Fundamentals |
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417 | (3) |
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§ 9.2 Partial Interests Law |
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420 | (3) |
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§ 9.3 Overview of Valuation Law |
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423 | (1) |
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§ 9.4 Standard Actuarial Factors |
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424 | (2) |
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§ 9.5 General Actuarial Valuations |
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426 | (3) |
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§ 9.6 Nonstandard Actuarial Factors |
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429 | (3) |
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432 | (3) |
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10 Charitable Remainder Trusts |
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435 | (90) |
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437 | (11) |
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§ 10.2 Charitable Remainder Annuity Trust Law |
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448 | (14) |
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§ 10.3 Charitable Remainder Unitrust Law |
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462 | (17) |
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479 | (13) |
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§ 10.5 Tax Treatment of Distributions |
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492 | (7) |
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§ 10.6 Division of Charitable Remainder Trusts |
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499 | (4) |
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§ 10.7 Basis in Disposition of Term Interest |
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503 | (2) |
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§ 10.8 Taxation of Charitable Remainder Trusts |
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505 | (2) |
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§ 10.9 Mandatory Provisions |
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507 | (1) |
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§ 10.10 Private Foundation Law |
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508 | (2) |
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§ 10.11 University Endowment Investment Sharing |
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510 | (2) |
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§ 10.12 Charitable Remainder Trusts as Partners or Shareholders in REITs |
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512 | (1) |
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§ 10.13 Wealth Replacement Trusts |
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513 | (1) |
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§ 10.14 Calculation of Charitable Contribution Deduction |
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513 | (6) |
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§ 10.15 Merger of Charitable Remainder Trusts |
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519 | (1) |
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§ 10.16 Early Terminations of Charitable Remainder Trusts |
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519 | (2) |
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§ 10.17 Regular Termination of Charitable Remainder Trusts |
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521 | (4) |
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525 | (22) |
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526 | (1) |
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§ 11.2 Qualifying Pooled Income Funds |
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527 | (6) |
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§ 11.3 Allocation of Income |
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533 | (1) |
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§ 11.4 Recognition of Gain or Loss on Transfers |
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534 | (1) |
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§ 11.5 Mandatory Provisions |
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535 | (1) |
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§ 11.6 Private Foundation Law |
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536 | (1) |
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§ 11.7 Pass-Through of Depreciation |
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537 | (1) |
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§ 11.8 Tax Status of Funds and Beneficiaries |
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538 | (2) |
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§ 11.9 Multiorganization Pooled Income Funds |
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540 | (3) |
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§ 11.10 Comparison with Charitable Remainder Trusts |
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543 | (1) |
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§ 11.11 Charitable Contribution Deduction |
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544 | (3) |
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12 Charitable Gift Annuities |
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547 | (10) |
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§ 12.1 Contract as Vehicle Form |
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547 | (1) |
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§ 12.2 Tax Treatment to Donor |
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548 | (1) |
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§ 12.3 Deferred Payment Gift Annuities |
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549 | (1) |
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§ 12.4 Estate and Gift Tax Consequences |
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550 | (1) |
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§ 12.5 Unrelated Business Income Implications |
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550 | (1) |
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§ 12.6 Unrelated Debt-Financed Income Implications |
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551 | (1) |
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§ 12.7 Contrast with Other Planned Gift Methods |
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552 | (1) |
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553 | (1) |
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554 | (1) |
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§ 12.10 Charitable Contribution Deduction |
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554 | (3) |
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13 Other Types Of Deductible Remainder Interests |
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557 | (14) |
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557 | (1) |
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§ 13.2 Qualifying Partial Interests |
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558 | (1) |
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§ 13.3 Remainder Interests in Personal Residences or Farms |
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558 | (4) |
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§ 13.4 Undivided Portions of Entire Interests in Property |
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562 | (9) |
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14 Charitable Lead Trusts |
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571 | (16) |
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571 | (1) |
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572 | (2) |
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§ 14.3 Tax Treatment of Charitable Lead Trusts |
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574 | (2) |
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§ 14.4 Testamentary Use of Charitable Lead Trusts |
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576 | (2) |
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§ 14.5 Percentage Limitation Law |
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578 | (1) |
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§ 14.6 Private Foundation Law |
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578 | (2) |
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§ 14.7 Anti-Abuse Rule Concerning Income Interests |
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580 | (2) |
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§ 14.8 Charitable Income Trusts |
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582 | (1) |
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§ 14.9 Comparison with Charitable Remainder Trusts |
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583 | (1) |
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§ 14.10 Valuing Charitable Contribution Deduction |
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583 | (1) |
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§ 14.11 Charitable Contribution Deduction |
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584 | (3) |
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15 Contributions Of And Using Life Insurance |
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587 | (24) |
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587 | (1) |
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§ 15.2 Life Insurance Concepts |
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588 | (3) |
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§ 15.3 Charitable Giving and Insurance |
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591 | (5) |
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§ 15.4 Insurable Interest |
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596 | (3) |
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§ 15.5 Unrelated Debt-Financed Income Law |
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599 | (1) |
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§ 15.6 Charitable Split-Dollar Insurance Plans |
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600 | (7) |
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§ 15.7 Insurance Contract Reporting Requirements |
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607 | (4) |
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PART FOUR International Charitable Giving |
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16 International Giving By Individuals During Lifetime |
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611 | (14) |
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611 | (1) |
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612 | (3) |
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§ 16.3 Earmarking and Conduit Restrictions |
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615 | (4) |
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§ 16.4 Control over Foreign Donees |
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619 | (3) |
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622 | (1) |
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§ 16.6 Income Tax Treaties |
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623 | (2) |
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17 International Giving By Individuals By Means Of Estates |
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625 | (10) |
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625 | (1) |
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626 | (6) |
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632 | (1) |
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§ 17.4 Charitable Giving by Noncitizen Nonresidents |
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632 | (3) |
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18 International Giving By Corporations |
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635 | (16) |
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§ 18.1 Contributions to U.S. Charities for Foreign Use |
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635 | (1) |
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§ 18.2 Contributions of Money from Foreign Affiliate of U.S. Parent to Foreign Charities |
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636 | (1) |
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§ 18.3 Contributions of Goods or Services to Benefit Foreign Charities |
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637 | (1) |
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§ 18.4 Grants of Funds from U.S.-Related Foundation to Foreign Charities |
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638 | (13) |
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PART FIVE Administration of Charitable Giving Programs |
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19 Substantiation And Appraisal Law |
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651 | (42) |
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652 | (1) |
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§ 19.2 Substantiation Law for Charitable Monetary Contributions |
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653 | (1) |
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§ 19.3 Substantiation Law for Charitable Contributions of $250 or More |
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654 | (15) |
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§ 19.4 Substantiation Law for Noncash Charitable Contributions |
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669 | (6) |
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§ 19.5 Substantiation Law for Conservation Contributions |
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675 | (1) |
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§ 19.6 Substantiation Law for Contributions of Motor Vehicles, Boats, and Airplanes |
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675 | (1) |
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§ 19.7 Substantiation Law for Contributions to Donor-Advised Funds |
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676 | (1) |
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676 | (11) |
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§ 19.9 Appraisals of Clothing and Household Items |
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687 | (1) |
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§ 19.10 Recordkeeping Law |
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688 | (5) |
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693 | (14) |
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§ 20.1 Disclosure by Charitable Organizations in General |
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693 | (5) |
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§ 20.2 Quid Pro Quo Contribution Law |
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698 | (4) |
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§ 20.3 Disclosure by Noncharitable Organizations |
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702 | (5) |
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21 Special Events, Corporate Sponsorships, And Donor-Advised Funds |
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707 | (32) |
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§ 21.1 IRS Audit Guidelines |
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708 | (4) |
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712 | (2) |
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§ 21.3 Corporate Sponsorship Law |
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714 | (3) |
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§ 21.4 Donor-Advised Funds |
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717 | (22) |
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739 | (34) |
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§ 22.1 Contribution Reporting by Individuals |
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739 | (1) |
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§ 22.2 Contribution Reporting by C Corporations |
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740 | (1) |
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§ 22.3 Contribution Reporting by S Corporations |
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740 | (1) |
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§ 22.4 Contribution Reporting by Partnerships |
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740 | (1) |
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§ 22.5 Contribution Reporting by Donees in General |
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741 | (5) |
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§ 22.6 Contribution Reporting in Unrelated Business Context |
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746 | (3) |
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§ 22.7 Noncash Contributions Reporting Law in General |
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749 | (16) |
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§ 22.8 Contributions of Vehicles Reporting Law |
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765 | (2) |
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§ 22.9 Contributions of Intellectual Property Reporting Law |
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767 | (1) |
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§ 22.10 Dispositions of Contributed Property Reporting Law |
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768 | (3) |
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§ 22.11 Personal Benefit Contract Reporting Law |
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771 | (1) |
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§ 22.12 Split-Interest Trust Reporting Law |
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771 | (2) |
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23 Valuation Principles And Various Penalties |
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773 | (46) |
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§ 23.1 Valuation of Property---General Principles |
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773 | (6) |
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§ 23.2 Valuation of Works of Art |
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779 | (2) |
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§ 23.3 Valuation of Securities |
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781 | (3) |
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§ 23.4 Valuation of Other Types of Property |
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784 | (9) |
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§ 23.5 Other Court Valuation Cases |
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793 | (10) |
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§ 23.6 Federal Tax Penalties |
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803 | (12) |
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§ 23.7 Burden of Proof Law |
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815 | (2) |
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§ 23.8 Burden of Production and Procedural Law |
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817 | (2) |
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819 | (12) |
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§ 24.1 State Regulation in General |
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819 | (1) |
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§ 24.2 Historical Perspective |
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820 | (2) |
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§ 24.3 States' Police Power |
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822 | (1) |
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823 | (1) |
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824 | (1) |
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824 | (1) |
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§ 24.7 Exemptions from Regulation |
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825 | (1) |
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§ 24.8 Fundraising Cost Limitations |
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826 | (1) |
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827 | (1) |
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828 | (1) |
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829 | (2) |
About the Author |
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831 | (2) |
About the Online Resources |
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833 | (2) |
Index |
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835 | |