List of methods and strategies |
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ix | |
List of figures |
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xi | |
Acknowledgements |
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xiii | |
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1 Introduction: What will you find in this book? |
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1 | |
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The purposes of action research |
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5 | |
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Getting started: learning to be a researcher by doing research |
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7 | |
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Quick start guide in nine steps |
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9 | |
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Different kinds of action research |
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12 | |
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Features that distinguish action research as presented in this book |
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13 | |
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The contents of the book and how it might be used |
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14 | |
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2 The research journal: Companion to the research process |
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15 | |
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Why journals are useful for research |
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15 | |
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Some suggestions for writing research journals |
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18 | |
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Memos and in-depth reflection |
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23 | |
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An example taken from a research journal |
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24 | |
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34 | |
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3 Finding a starting point for your own research |
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39 | |
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What do we mean by starting points for research? |
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39 | |
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Features of starting points |
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41 | |
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Sources for starting points |
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42 | |
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Issues for action research |
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44 | |
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46 | |
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Approaches to choosing a starting point |
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49 | |
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4 Clarifying the starting point of research |
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56 | |
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From the 'First Impression' |
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56 | |
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Activating additional knowledge en route |
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60 | |
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Suggested methods for clarifying the starting point |
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63 | |
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Methods for clarifying the starting point |
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73 | |
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77 | |
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86 | |
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95 | |
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95 | |
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100 | |
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101 | |
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Observing and documenting situations |
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104 | |
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125 | |
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137 | |
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Collecting data as part of daily practice |
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143 | |
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A combined method: triangulation |
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144 | |
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Criteria for guiding the quality of action research |
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148 | |
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157 | |
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157 | |
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Constructive methods of analysis |
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162 | |
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Developing categories and coding data |
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162 | |
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172 | |
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Critical methods of analysis |
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178 | |
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Complex methods of data analysis |
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181 | |
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7 Developing action strategies and putting them into practice |
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196 | |
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Practical action as an integral part of research |
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197 | |
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What are action strategies? |
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|
199 | |
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How can I find a variety of suitable action strategies? |
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203 | |
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How can I choose which action strategy to put into practice from the range of available alternatives? |
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205 | |
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How can I plan concrete steps to make sure I feel comfortable with my action strategy? |
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212 | |
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How can I check the results of action strategies and record the experiences I have gained? |
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213 | |
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8 Making practitioners' knowledge public |
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220 | |
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Why is it important to make practitioners' knowledge public? |
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220 | |
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Disseminating practitioners' knowledge: what?, how?, to whom? |
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224 | |
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Writing reports to disseminate practitioners' knowledge |
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229 | |
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Criteria to use in writing reports |
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234 | |
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Further ideas about writing |
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236 | |
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Assorted toolbox for producing written reports |
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239 | |
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9 Examples of action research studies published in journals |
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246 | |
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Two studies of classroom practice carried out by teacher-researchers |
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246 | |
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Two studies of action research led by university tutors, working collaboratively with students |
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251 | |
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Two articles on research within large-scale projects with the potential to influence change at the macro level of national policy |
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255 | |
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Articles focused on development work in socially disadvantaged communities |
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259 | |
10 Behind the scenes: A theoretical foundation of action research |
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266 | |
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The roots of action research |
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266 | |
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Action research as educational innovation |
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267 | |
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Practitioners as members of a profession |
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|
268 | |
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269 | |
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The value orientation of practice |
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274 | |
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The social positioning of professional action |
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275 | |
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Is practitioner research 'research'? |
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277 | |
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The iterativity of action research |
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279 | |
Notes |
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281 | |
References |
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284 | |
Index |
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295 | |