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x | |
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xi | |
Series Editor Preface |
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xii | |
Acknowledgements |
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xiv | |
Publisher Acknowledgements |
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xv | |
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SECTION I Issues in Teaching and Researching Speaking |
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1 | (46) |
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1 Conceptual and Historical Background |
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3 | (23) |
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3 | (1) |
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1.2 The Skill of Speaking |
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3 | (4) |
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1.3 The Nature of Speech in Contrast to Writing |
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7 | (6) |
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1.4 Where Does Speech Fit in Language Studies? |
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13 | (12) |
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25 | (1) |
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2 The Research Space: Paradigms and Issues |
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26 | (21) |
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26 | (1) |
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2.2 Classical Research Paradigms in Relation to Researching Speaking |
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26 | (4) |
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2.3 Attitudes to Speech Data |
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30 | (4) |
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2.4 The Applicability of Research Approaches and Frameworks to the Study of Speech |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (10) |
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45 | (2) |
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SECTION II Issues for Teaching and Assessing Speaking |
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47 | (108) |
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3 Approaches, Materials, and the Issue of `Real' Speech |
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49 | (37) |
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49 | (1) |
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3.2 What Are Our Models and Standards When We Teach Speaking? |
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49 | (16) |
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3.3 The Evolution of Materials to Teach Speaking |
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65 | (8) |
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3.4 The Current Scene in Materials to Teach Speaking |
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73 | (10) |
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3.5 Bringing the Skills Together |
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83 | (2) |
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85 | (1) |
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4 Issues in Assessing Speaking |
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86 | (37) |
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86 | (6) |
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4.2 Why the Nature of Speaking Is a Challenge for Test Designers |
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92 | (14) |
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4.3 Oral Assessment in Three High-Stakes Tests |
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106 | (15) |
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121 | (2) |
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5 Approaches to Researching Speech |
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123 | (32) |
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123 | (2) |
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5.2 Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches Towards Researching Speaking |
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125 | (4) |
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5.3 Theory-Driven, Positional, or Ideas-Based Approaches to Researching Speaking |
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129 | (3) |
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5.4 Examples of Contrasting Approaches in Researching Speaking |
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132 | (18) |
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150 | (5) |
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SECTION III Researching Speaking |
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155 | (42) |
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6 Spoken Language and the Classroom |
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157 | (16) |
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157 | (1) |
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6.2 The Status of Speaking in Classrooms |
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158 | (4) |
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6.3 The Role of Spoken Interaction in Communicative Language Teaching Classrooms |
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162 | (5) |
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6.4 Drawing on Classroom Practice for Research and Vice Versa |
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167 | (4) |
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171 | (2) |
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7 Research Project Ideas and Frameworks |
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173 | (24) |
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173 | (1) |
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7.2 A Project on Spoken Language Found in Textbooks Versus a Corpus |
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173 | (5) |
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7.3 A Project on the Effects of Speech Rate in the Context of English as Lingua Franca Presentations |
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178 | (3) |
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7.4 An Exploration of Intercultural Expectations in Conversation |
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181 | (4) |
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7.5 A Project That Analyses a Professional Speaking Genre So It Can Be Handled in the Classroom |
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185 | (4) |
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7.6 A Project on Speaking Assessment With Low Education Immigrant Test Takers |
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189 | (4) |
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7.7 A Project Investigating the Relationship Between Gesture and Speech Processing Using fMRI Scanning Techniques |
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193 | (4) |
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SECTION IV Resources and Further Information |
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197 | (22) |
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8 Research Borders and Boundaries |
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199 | (5) |
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199 | (1) |
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8.2 Speaking and Ethnographic or Cross-Cultural Studies |
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200 | (1) |
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8.3 Speaking and Psycholinguistics |
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201 | (1) |
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8.4 Speaking and Neurolinguistic Studies |
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201 | (1) |
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8.5 Speaking and Corpus Linguistics |
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202 | (1) |
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8.6 Speaking and New Technologies |
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203 | (1) |
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204 | (15) |
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9.1 Journals and E-Journals |
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204 | (2) |
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9.2 Societies and Organisations |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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9.5 Speech Recognition and Text-to-Speech |
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209 | (1) |
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9.6 Online Pronunciation and Intonation Resources |
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209 | (1) |
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9.7 Miscellaneous Sites for the Applied Linguist With an Interest in Spoken Discourse |
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210 | (1) |
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9.8 Moving Towards Your Own Project on Spoken Discourse |
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210 | (2) |
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9.9 Sources of Inspiration for Research |
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212 | (4) |
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9.10 Research Skills Summaries |
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216 | (3) |
References |
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219 | (15) |
Index |
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234 | |