Preface |
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ix | (2) |
Introduction |
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xi | |
Part One Foundations |
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3 | (112) |
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1 Basic introduction to skeletal muscle |
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3 | (20) |
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1.1 General considerations |
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3 | (1) |
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3 | (6) |
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9 | (7) |
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1.4 Energy considerations |
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16 | (2) |
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1.5 Types of contractions |
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18 | (1) |
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1.6 How does a muscle produce force? |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (2) |
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2 Modelling skeletal muscle using simple geometric shapes: biological considerations |
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23 | (47) |
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23 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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2.3 Contractile element properties |
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25 | (23) |
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48 | (4) |
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2.5 Passive element properties |
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52 | (5) |
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57 | (7) |
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64 | (6) |
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3 Hill and Huxley type models: biological considerations |
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70 | (17) |
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70 | (1) |
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70 | (5) |
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3.3 Huxley (cross-bridge) type models |
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75 | (9) |
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84 | (1) |
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84 | (3) |
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4 Rheological and structural models: mathematical considerations |
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87 | (28) |
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87 | (14) |
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101 | (8) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (5) |
Part Two Applications |
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115 | (59) |
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5 Fundamentals of mechanics |
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115 | (30) |
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115 | (3) |
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5.2 Coordinates, displacement, and elongation |
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118 | (5) |
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5.3 Rates and virtual displacements |
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123 | (1) |
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5.4 External and internal forces |
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124 | (3) |
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5.5 The constitutive equation |
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127 | (1) |
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5.6 The principle of virtual work |
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128 | (3) |
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5.7 Example: a one-degreee-of-freedom system |
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131 | (3) |
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5.8 A more general example |
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134 | (2) |
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5.9 Geometric constraints |
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136 | (2) |
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5.10 Example: preservation of area |
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138 | (6) |
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144 | (1) |
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144 | (1) |
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6 Towards a complete muscle model |
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145 | (8) |
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145 | (1) |
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6.2 A program for static analysis of skeletal muscle |
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146 | (2) |
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6.3 Example: static deformation of a cat medial gastrocnemius muscle |
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148 | (2) |
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6.4 Time-dependent modelling |
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150 | (1) |
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6.5 A program for time-dependent analysis of skeletal muscle |
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151 | (1) |
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6.6 Example: time-dependent deformation of a cat medical gastrocnemius muscle |
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152 | (1) |
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152 | (1) |
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153 | (21) |
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153 | (1) |
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7.2 The neurophysiology of movement control |
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153 | (4) |
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7.3 The anatomy of movement control |
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157 | (3) |
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7.4 Theoretical and experimental considerations on movement control |
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160 | (11) |
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7.5 Future research in the area of mechanics in movement control |
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171 | (1) |
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172 | (2) |
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Appendix A: Topics in time-independent modelling |
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174 | (28) |
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A.1 Solving nonlinear problems |
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174 | (2) |
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A.2 A code for the Newton-Raphson technique |
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176 | (1) |
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A.3 Obtaining the residuals and derivatives directly from virtual work |
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177 | (2) |
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179 | (2) |
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A.5 Coding the virtual work |
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181 | (3) |
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A.6 Coding the equilibrium and constraint equations directly |
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184 | (3) |
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A.7 Putting it all together: a program for static analysis of skeletal muscle |
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187 | (8) |
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A.8 Example: static deformation of a cat medial gastrocnemius muscle |
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195 | (4) |
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A.9 A Variant of the previous example |
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199 | (3) |
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Appendix B: Topics in time-dependent modelling |
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202 | (33) |
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B.1 The finite-difference method |
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202 | (2) |
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B.2 Example: dynamics of a one-degree-of-freedom system by central differences |
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204 | (2) |
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B.3 Time-dependent problems: implicit methods |
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206 | (6) |
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B.4 Example: a two-degrees-of-freedom system |
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212 | (3) |
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B.5 A program for time-dependent analysis of skeletal muscle |
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215 | (10) |
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B.6 Example: time-dependent deformation of a cat medial gastrocnemius muscle |
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225 | (8) |
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233 | (2) |
Index |
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235 | |