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E-grāmata: Theranostics and Precision Medicine for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Volume 2: Diagnosis, Therapeutic Targets, and Molecular Mechanisms

Edited by (Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Yogi Vemana University, India), Edited by (Assistant Professor, School of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA)
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 02-Apr-2022
  • Izdevniecība: Academic Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780323993654
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  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 02-Apr-2022
  • Izdevniecība: Academic Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780323993654
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Theranostics and Precision Medicine for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Volume Two: Diagnosis, Therapeutic Targets and Molecular Mechanisms for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression provides comprehensive information about ongoing research and clinical data surrounding liver cancer. The book presents detailed descriptions about diagnostics and therapeutic options for easy understanding, with a focus on precision medicine approaches to improve treatment outcomes. The volume discusses topics such as computational approaches for identification of biomarkers, enzymes and pathways of HCC, circulating and epigenetic biomarkers, drug resistance, metabolic pathways, and small molecule-target therapies. In addition, it discusses immunotherapies, immune check point inhibitors and nanotechnology-based therapies.

This book is a valuable resource for cancer researchers, oncologists, graduate students, hepathologists and members of biomedical research who need to understand more about liver cancer to apply in their research work or clinical setting.

  • Provides detailed information on traditional and novel diagnostic tools for hepatocellular carcinoma
  • Discusses promising targeted therapies, both available and in development, explaining the best option to use for specific cases
  • Brings recent findings in immunotherapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors and nanotechnology-based therapeutic approaches for treatment of HCC
List of contributors
xv
About the editors xix
Preface xxi
1 Hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis
1(6)
Gayathri Chalikonda
Sekani Allen
Ramakhshna Vadde
Ganji Pumachandra Nagaraju
Abstract
1(1)
Keywords
1(1)
Abbreviations
1(1)
Introduction
2(2)
Conflict of interest
4(1)
Funding
4(1)
References
4(3)
2 Computational analysis of prognosis-related genes in liver cancer
7(14)
Vigneshwar Suriya Prakash Sinnarasan
Dahrii Paul
Mathavan Muthaiyan
Dinakara Rao Ampasala
Amouda Venkatesan
Abstract
7(1)
Keywords
7(1)
Abbreviations
7(1)
Introduction
8(1)
Materials and methods
9(1)
Data collection
9(1)
Identification of differentially expressed genes
10(1)
Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes
10(1)
Network and module analysis
10(1)
Survival analysis
10(1)
Results
11(1)
Identification of differentially expressed genes
11(1)
Functional analysis
11(1)
Protein---protein interaction network and hub genes
12(1)
Survival analysis
13(2)
Discussion
15(2)
Conclusion
17(1)
References
17(2)
Further reading
19(2)
3 Computational approaches to identify biomarkers, enzymes, and pathways of hepatocellular carcinoma
21(14)
Amajala Krishna Chaitanya
Gudivad Indu Priya
Rama Rao Malla
Abstract
21(1)
Keywords
21(1)
Introduction
21(1)
Computational methods/approaches used for identification of biomarkers/pathways/enzymes in hepatocellular carcinoma
22(1)
Dataset selection from microarray data
22(1)
Differentially expressed gene identification
22(3)
Pathway enrichment analysis (gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)
25(1)
Differentially expressed genes weighted correlation network analysis
25(1)
Network analysis by protein-protein interaction
25(1)
Hub genes validation
26(1)
Hub gene survival analysis
26(1)
Potential biomarkers identified through integrated hub-protein-protein interaction bioinformatics analysis
26(1)
Significant genes and pathways identified through bioinformatics analysis
27(1)
Enzymes identified through bioinformatics analysis
28(1)
Conclusion
28(1)
Acknowledgment
29(1)
Conflict of interest
29(1)
Funding
29(1)
Abbreviations
29(1)
References
30(5)
4 Ribonucleic acid sequence analysis in deciphering hepatocellular carcinoma
35(10)
Sravanthi Mannem
Muralidhar Yegireddy
Narayanan Krishnaswamy
Bala Prabhakar Girish
Prakash Nadoor
Abstract
35(1)
Keywords
35(1)
Abbreviations
35(2)
Introduction
37(1)
RNA-sequencing technologies and applications in cancer
38(1)
Transcriptomics in hepatocellular carcinoma
39(2)
RNAseq analysis of the tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma
41(1)
Noncoding RNAs as biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma
41(1)
Conclusion and future perspectives
42(1)
Conflict of interest
43(1)
References
43(2)
5 Hepatocarcinogenesis and the role of next-generation sequencing in liver cancer
45(14)
Ngalah Bidii Stephen
Dhatri Madduru
Pranathi Pappu
Urvashi Vijay
Prashanth Suravajhala
Obul Reddy Bandapalli
Abstract
45(1)
Keywords
46(1)
Abbreviations
46(1)
Introduction
47(1)
Mechanisms of viral hepatocellular pathogenicity
47(2)
Nonviral risk factors associated with liver cancer formation
49(1)
Stages of liver cancer and risk factors involved
50(1)
Genetic profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma using next-generation sequencing
50(2)
Deep Sequencing and whole-exome sequencing in unveiling the heterogeneity of hepatocellular carcinoma
52(1)
Genome arrays in liver cancer screening
53(1)
Prospects of next-generation sequencing findings leading to precision medicine/therapy
54(1)
References
55(4)
6 Liver cancer: the tumor microenvironment and associated pathways
59(24)
Ankit Banik
Karishma Shaw
Aejaz Ahmad Dar
Sujatha Peela
Pavan Kumar Kancharla
Abstract
59(1)
Keywords
59(1)
Abbreviation
60(1)
Introduction
60(1)
Major risk factors for developing liver cancer
61(1)
Influence of the tumor microenvironment
61(1)
Cellular components
62(3)
Noncellular components
65(1)
Molecular mechanisms
66(1)
Loss of senescence control
67(1)
Loss of cell cycle control
67(1)
Dysregulation of apoptosis
67(1)
Liver inflammation and hepatocarcinogenesis
67(1)
Associated pathways
68(1)
p53 Pathway
68(1)
pRB pathway
69(1)
NF-k3 pathway
69(1)
Hippo/yes-associated protein pathway
69(1)
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-driving signaling pathways
69(1)
Wnt/catenin pathway
70(1)
Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway
70(1)
Janus kinases/signal transducers and activators of transcription pathway
70(2)
PI3/AKT/mTOR pathway
72(1)
Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway
72(1)
Conclusion
72(1)
References
73(10)
7 Metabolic pathway-based target therapy to hepatocellular carcinoma: a computational approach
83(22)
Gayatri Gouda
Manoj Kumar Gupta
Ravindra Donde
Lambodar Behera
Ramakrishna Vadde
Abstract
83(1)
Keywords
83(1)
Abbreviations
83(1)
Introduction
84(1)
Pathways to cause liver cancer
85(1)
Notch signaling
85(1)
Hippo signaling pathway
86(1)
Raf/ERK pathway
86(1)
Wnt signaling pathway
86(1)
Computational approach
86(1)
Microarray-based therapy
87(1)
Identification of key genes
87(1)
Protein-protein interaction
88(1)
microRNA-based therapy
88(1)
miRNA inhibition
89(1)
Copy number variations study
90(1)
Target therapy in liver cancer
90(1)
Glucose metabolism---based target therapy
91(1)
Amino acid metabolism---based target therapy
92(1)
Glutamine metabolism
92(1)
Proline metabolism
92(1)
Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
93(1)
Mathematical modeling
93(1)
Ensemble modeling
94(1)
Machine learning model
95(1)
Genome-scale metabolic modeling
95(1)
Epigenetic regulation
96(1)
Conclusion
96(1)
Conflict of interest
96(1)
References
96(9)
8 Targeting ion channels in hepatic cancer
105(28)
Murugavel Ponnusamy
Senthilkumar Rajagopal
Abstract
105(1)
Keywords
105(1)
Abbreviations
105(2)
Introduction
107(1)
Ion channels
108(2)
Ion channels in cancer pathophysiology
110(1)
Ion channels in liver cancer
111(1)
Ca2+'permeable channels in liver cancer
112(4)
Targeting Ca2+ channels for liver cancer therapy
116(2)
K+ channels in liver cancer
118(2)
Targeting K channels for liver cancer therapy
120(1)
Cl~ channels in liver cancer
121(1)
Targeting Cl~ channels for liver cancer therapy
122(1)
Na+ channels in liver cancer
123(1)
Targeting Na+ channels for liver cancer therapy
124(1)
Diagnostic and prognostic value of ion channels and their subunits in hepatic cancer
125(1)
Summary and future perspectives
126(1)
Conflict of interest
127(1)
References
127(6)
9 Tyrosine kinases: their role in hepatocellular carcinoma
133(16)
Suchita Dattatray Shinde
Bichismita Sahu
Ambika Chamoli
Amit Mandoli
Kiran Kalia
Santosh Kumar Behera
Abstract
133(1)
Keywords
133(1)
Abbreviations
134(1)
Introduction
134(1)
Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
135(1)
Curative therapies
136(1)
Noncurative therapy
137(1)
Involvement of tyrosine kinases in liver cancer
138(1)
Classification of tyrosine kinases
138(1)
Small molecules as tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target receptor tyrosine kinase
139(1)
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor
139(1)
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor
140(1)
Fibroblast growth factor receptor
141(1)
Epidermal growth factor receptor
142(1)
Other tyrosine kinase inhibitors
142(1)
Small molecules as tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target nonreceptor tyrosine kinase
143(1)
Conclusion and future perspectives
143(2)
References
145(4)
10 Role of transcription factors in hepatocellular carcinoma
149(16)
Suchita Dattatray Shinde
Neeraj Kulkarni
Bichismita Sahu
Kiran Kalia
Santosh Kumar Behera
Abstract
149(1)
Keywords
149(1)
Abbreviations
149(1)
Introduction to transcription factors
150(1)
Hepatocellular carcinoma and transcription factor
151(1)
v-myc Avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog transcription factor
152(1)
v-myb Myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (avian)-like 2 transcription factor
153(1)
Beta-catenin transcription factor
153(1)
Activator protein-1 transcription factor
153(1)
p53 Transcription factor
154(1)
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 transcription factor
154(1)
E2F transcription factors
154(1)
Homeobox protein transcription factor
154(1)
Drugs targeting hepatocellular carcinoma and their mode of action
155(1)
Sorafenib
155(1)
Regorafenib
156(1)
Nivolumab
157(1)
Cabozanitnib
157(1)
Lenvatinib
157(1)
Pembrolizumab
157(1)
Atezolizumab
158(1)
Bevacizumab
158(1)
Ramucirumab
158(1)
YC-1
158(1)
EF24
158(1)
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 inhibitors
159(1)
INCB057643 and BMS-986158
159(1)
Troglitazone
159(1)
Conclusion and future perspectives
159(1)
References
159(6)
11 Modulatory act of diverse transcriptional factors in liver carcinoma
165(20)
Rashmi Nagesh
Rajeshwari H. Patil
M. Naveen Kumar
K.M. Kiran Kumar
Shivaleela Biradar
Babu R. Lamani
Abstract
165(1)
Keywords
165(1)
Abbreviations
166(1)
Introduction
166(2)
Transcriptional regulation of activator protein 1 in hepatic cell carcinoma
168(1)
Regulatory act of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in hepatocellular carcinoma
169(2)
Implications of E2F transcription factors in human primary liver carcinoma
171(1)
Zinc finger homeobox 3 in hepatocellular carcinoma progression
172(2)
Inference of forkhead box Ml in hepatocellular carcinoma
174(1)
Influence of nuclear factor kappa-B transcription factor in hepatocellular carcinoma
175(2)
Conclusions and future perspectives
177(1)
Conflict of interest
177(1)
References
177(7)
Further reading
184(1)
12 Association of specificity protein 1 with hepatocellular carcinoma
185(10)
Nwamaka Iloani
Areeba Hafeez
Serena Bao
Victoria Dulemba
Christoffer Lambring
Umesh T. Sankpal
Riyaz Basha
Abstract
185(1)
Keywords
185(1)
Abbreviations
185(1)
Introduction
186(1)
The specificity protein transcription factor
186(1)
CD147 protein and specificity protein 1
187(1)
Cystathionine f-lyase
187(1)
Ras guanine nucleotide-releasing protein 1
188(1)
RING1 and YY1 binding protein
189(1)
Noncoding RNA genes regulated by specificity protein 1 that promotes hepatocellular carcinoma
189(1)
miR-130b-3p
189(1)
Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1
190(1)
Conclusions and future directions
191(1)
Acknowledgment
192(1)
References
192(3)
13 Promising biomarkers for liver cancer
195(14)
Ravikiran Tekupalli
Santosh Anand
Sowbhagya Ramachandregowda
Anupama Sindhghatta Kariyappa
Abstract
195(1)
Keywords
195(1)
Abbreviations
195(1)
Introduction
196(1)
Biomarkers
197(1)
Serum biomarkers
198(3)
Growth factors
201(1)
Long noncoding RNAs
202(1)
MicroRNAs
203(1)
Conclusion
204(1)
Acknowledgment
204(1)
References
204(5)
14 Molecular signaling and its role in drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinomas
209(18)
Fayyaz Rasool
Binayak Kumar
Deepu Sharma
Sri Krishna Jayadev Magani
Abstract
209(1)
Keywords
209(1)
Abbreviations
209(1)
Introduction
210(1)
Signaling pathways and their significance in drug resistance
211(1)
PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
212(1)
Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway
213(2)
Wnt/beta-catenin pathway
215(1)
JAK/STAT pathway
216(1)
Cancer stem cells
217(1)
Cancer stem cell markers in hepatocellular carcinoma
217(1)
The cancer stem cell microenvironment
218(1)
Cancer stem cell---regulating transcription factors
218(1)
MicroRNAs as cancer stem cell regulators in liver cancer
219(1)
Stem cell regulatory pathways
219(1)
Conclusion
220(1)
Conflict of interest
220(1)
References
220(7)
15 Multidrug resistance, a major obstacle in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment: challenges and future perspectives
227(28)
Tarun Sahu
Arundhati Mehta
Henu Kumar Verma
L.V.K.S. Bhaskar
Abstract
227(1)
Keywords
227(1)
Abbreviations
228(1)
Introduction
229(1)
Current therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma
230(1)
Chemotherapy
230(1)
Immunotherapy
230(1)
Radiotherapy
231(1)
Surgical therapy
231(1)
Molecular drug targets
232(1)
Antiangiogenic factors
232(1)
Sorafenib
232(1)
Bevacizumab
233(1)
Sunitinib
234(1)
Pazopanib
234(1)
Brivanib
234(1)
Axitinib
235(1)
Linifanib
235(1)
Foretinib
235(1)
Dovitinib
235(1)
Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors
235(1)
Ramucirumab
235(1)
Erlotinib
236(1)
Lapatinib
236(1)
Mammalian target of rapamycin pathway inhibitor
236(1)
Rapamycin
237(1)
Everolimus
237(1)
Pathway associated with multidrug resistance
237(4)
DNA repair pathway
241(1)
Apoptotic pathway
242(1)
Autophagy
243(1)
Cancer stem cells
243(1)
Tumor microenvironment
244(1)
Therapeutic aspects (overcoming multidrug resistance)
244(1)
Conclusion and future perspectives
245(1)
References
246(9)
16 Proliferative signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma
255(18)
Pradeep Madhamanchi
Kishore Madhamanchi
Sujatha Peela
Panchareddy Madhava Rao
Pallaval Veera Bramhachari
Prakash Babu Panithi
Abstract
255(1)
Keywords
255(1)
Abbreviations
255(2)
Introduction
257(1)
Significant targeting pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma
257(1)
Epidermal growth factor receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 signaling
257(1)
Hepatocyte growth factor---mesenchymal epithelial transition signaling
258(1)
Hippo signaling
258(1)
Insulin glucose signaling
259(1)
JAK/STAT signaling
260(1)
MAP kinase signaling
260(1)
mTOR signaling
261(1)
Nodal signaling
261(1)
Notch signaling
262(1)
Nuclear receptor signaling
262(1)
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase---protein kinase B signaling
263(1)
Ras homolog A signaling
263(1)
Transforming growth factor-beta signaling
263(1)
Vascular endothelial growth factor signaling
264(1)
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling
264(1)
Conclusions and future perspectives
265(1)
Conflict of interest
265(1)
References
265(6)
Further reading
271(2)
17 Targeting angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma
273(8)
Neha Merchant
Afroz Alam
Sujatha Peela
Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
Abstract
273(1)
Keywords
273(1)
Abbreviations
273(1)
Introduction
274(2)
Antiangiogenic treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma
276(1)
Imaging investigations for angiogenesis
276(2)
Conclusion
278(1)
Conflict of interest
278(1)
Funding
278(1)
References
278(3)
18 Conventional and novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of liver cancer
281(26)
Pranathi Pappu
Urvashi Vijay
Dhatri Madduru
Ngalah Bidii Stephen
Prashanth Suravajhala
Obul Reddy Bandapalli
Abstract
281(1)
Keywords
281(1)
Abbreviations
282(1)
Introduction
283(2)
Various biomarkers known for hepatocellular carcinoma
285(3)
Alpha-fetoprotein and lectin-bound alpha fetoprotein 3
288(1)
Alpha-fetoprotein
288(1)
Prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence II or des-~f-carboxy prothrombin
289(1)
The GALAD model
290(1)
Glypican 3, osteopontin, and novel biomarkers
290(1)
Alypican 3
291(1)
Osteopontin
291(1)
Cystatin B
291(1)
Golgi protein 73
292(1)
Midikines
293(1)
Alpha-L-fucosidase
293(1)
Cytokeratin 19
293(1)
Circulating tumor cells
294(1)
Squamous cell carcinoma antigen
294(1)
Heat shock protein
294(2)
Transcribed ultraconserved region element 338
296(1)
MicroRNAs
296(1)
Transforming growth factor beta
297(1)
Tumor-specific growth factor
297(1)
Epidermal growth factor receptor
297(1)
Hepatocyte growth factor
297(1)
Diagnostic imaging
298(1)
Ultrasound
298(1)
CT scan and MRI scan
298(1)
Next-generation sequencing analysis in hepatocellular carcinoma
299(1)
Gut microbe markers
299(1)
Conclusions
300(1)
References
301(5)
Further reading
306(1)
19 Updates on the staging and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
307(14)
Hariharasudan Mani
Saeed Ali
Sarfraz Ahmad
Abstract
307(1)
Keywords
307(1)
Abbreviations
307(1)
Introduction
308(1)
Staging
308(1)
Treatment
308(2)
Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage 0
310(1)
Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A (early stage)
311(1)
Tumor ablation
312(1)
Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B (intermediate stage)
312(1)
Transarterial chemoembolization
312(1)
Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C (advanced stage)
313(1)
Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage D (terminal stage)
314(1)
Prognostic factors
314(1)
Summary
314(2)
Acknowledgment
316(1)
References
316(5)
20 ROS-mediated pathways: potential role in hepatocellular carcinoma biology and therapy
321(16)
Rama Rao Malla
Rakshmitha Marni
Anandita Chakraborty
Abstract
321(1)
Keywords
321(1)
Abbreviations
321(1)
Introduction
322(1)
Reactive oxygen species biology
323(1)
Reactive oxygen species mediates liver carcinogenesis
324(1)
Reactive oxygen species-mediated cellular pathways
325(2)
Reactive oxygen species in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy
327(1)
Anticancer natural compounds
327(3)
Conclusion
330(1)
Acknowledgment
331(1)
Conflict of interest
331(1)
Funding
331(1)
References
331(6)
21 Dysregulated cell-signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma: causes and therapeutic options
337(20)
Vinit Singh Baghel
Sapnita Shinde
Vineeta Dixit
Naveen Kumar Vishvakarma
Atul Kumar Tiwari
Soumitra Tiwari
Dhananjay Shukla
Abstract
337(1)
Keywords
337(1)
Abbreviations
338(1)
Introduction
338(1)
Signaling factors and pathways implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma
339(1)
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling
339(1)
Epidermal growth factor receptor, insulin-like growth factor, and hepatocyte growth factor signaling
340(1)
Ras/MAPK signaling pathway and hepatocellular carcinoma
340(2)
Notch-signaling pathway
342(2)
Signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway
344(1)
WNT/beta-catenin pathways
345(1)
PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling
345(1)
Therapeutic options in hepatocellular carcinoma
346(1)
Therapies targeting vascular endothelial growth factor and their receptors
346(1)
Ras/MAPK inhibitors
346(1)
Notch-signaling inhibitors
347(1)
STAT-signaling inhibitors
347(1)
Future prospects
348(1)
Conclusion
348(1)
References
349(8)
22 LKB11/STK11-mediated signal transduction in hepatocellular carcinoma
357(8)
Gorantla Sri Charitha
Nyshadham S.N. Chaitanya
Aramati Bindu Madhava Reddy
Abstract
357(1)
Keywords
357(1)
Abbreviations
357(1)
Introduction
358(1)
Liver kinase B1 as a regulator of hepatocellular carcinoma progression
359(1)
Mechanism of liver kinase B1 signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma
359(3)
Adenosine monophosphate---activated protein kinase as the downstream signaling mediator of liver kinase B1
362(2)
Therapeutic strategies
364(1)
Conclusion 365(1)
Acknowledgments 365(1)
References 365(4)
Index 369
Dr. Nagaraju obtained his MSc and his PhD, both in Biotechnology, from Sri Venkateswara University in Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India. He received his DSc from Berhampur University in Berhampur, Odisha, India. Dr. Nagarajus research focuses on translational projects related to gastrointestinal malignancies. He has published over 100 research papers in highly reputed international journals and has presented more than 50 abstracts at various national and international conferences. Dr. Nagaraju is author and editor of several published books in Elsevier and Springer Nature. He serves as editorial board member of several internationally recognized academic journals. Dr. Nagaraju has received several international awards including FAACC. He also holds memberships with the Association of Scientists of Indian Origin in America (ASIOA), the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology (SICB), The Science Advisory Board, The RNA Society, The American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC) and the American Association of Cancer Research (AACR). Dr Vadde Ramakrishna is Assistant Professor at the Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Yogi Vemana University, India. He obtained his MSc and PhD, both in Biochemistry, from Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, India, and subsequently received a DBT CREST Award to pursue advanced training in cancer research at Pennsylvania State University and Colorado State University, USA. He is currently using in vitro, in vivo and in silico models to explore the role of dietary bioactive compounds in both the development and prevention of cancer through a polypharmacology approach. He has published over 90 research papers in prominent international journals and has presented more than 40 papers at national and international conferences. He serves as an editorial board member for several international journals, and is an Associate Fellow of Andhra Pradesh Academy of Sciences.