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xv | |
About the editors |
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xix | |
Preface |
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xxi | |
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1 Hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis |
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1 | (6) |
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Ganji Pumachandra Nagaraju |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (2) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (3) |
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2 Computational analysis of prognosis-related genes in liver cancer |
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7 | (14) |
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Vigneshwar Suriya Prakash Sinnarasan |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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Identification of differentially expressed genes |
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10 | (1) |
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Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes |
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10 | (1) |
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Network and module analysis |
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10 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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Identification of differentially expressed genes |
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11 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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Protein---protein interaction network and hub genes |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (2) |
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15 | (2) |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (2) |
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19 | (2) |
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3 Computational approaches to identify biomarkers, enzymes, and pathways of hepatocellular carcinoma |
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21 | (14) |
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Amajala Krishna Chaitanya |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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Computational methods/approaches used for identification of biomarkers/pathways/enzymes in hepatocellular carcinoma |
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22 | (1) |
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Dataset selection from microarray data |
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22 | (1) |
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Differentially expressed gene identification |
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22 | (3) |
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Pathway enrichment analysis (gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) |
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25 | (1) |
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Differentially expressed genes weighted correlation network analysis |
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25 | (1) |
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Network analysis by protein-protein interaction |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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Hub gene survival analysis |
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26 | (1) |
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Potential biomarkers identified through integrated hub-protein-protein interaction bioinformatics analysis |
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26 | (1) |
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Significant genes and pathways identified through bioinformatics analysis |
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27 | (1) |
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Enzymes identified through bioinformatics analysis |
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28 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (5) |
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4 Ribonucleic acid sequence analysis in deciphering hepatocellular carcinoma |
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35 | (10) |
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35 | (1) |
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35 | (1) |
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35 | (2) |
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37 | (1) |
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RNA-sequencing technologies and applications in cancer |
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38 | (1) |
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Transcriptomics in hepatocellular carcinoma |
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39 | (2) |
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RNAseq analysis of the tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma |
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41 | (1) |
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Noncoding RNAs as biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma |
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41 | (1) |
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Conclusion and future perspectives |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (1) |
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43 | (2) |
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5 Hepatocarcinogenesis and the role of next-generation sequencing in liver cancer |
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45 | (14) |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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Mechanisms of viral hepatocellular pathogenicity |
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47 | (2) |
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Nonviral risk factors associated with liver cancer formation |
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49 | (1) |
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Stages of liver cancer and risk factors involved |
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50 | (1) |
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Genetic profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma using next-generation sequencing |
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50 | (2) |
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Deep Sequencing and whole-exome sequencing in unveiling the heterogeneity of hepatocellular carcinoma |
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52 | (1) |
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Genome arrays in liver cancer screening |
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53 | (1) |
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Prospects of next-generation sequencing findings leading to precision medicine/therapy |
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54 | (1) |
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55 | (4) |
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6 Liver cancer: the tumor microenvironment and associated pathways |
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59 | (24) |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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Major risk factors for developing liver cancer |
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61 | (1) |
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Influence of the tumor microenvironment |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (3) |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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Loss of senescence control |
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67 | (1) |
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Loss of cell cycle control |
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67 | (1) |
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Dysregulation of apoptosis |
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67 | (1) |
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Liver inflammation and hepatocarcinogenesis |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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Hippo/yes-associated protein pathway |
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69 | (1) |
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Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-driving signaling pathways |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway |
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70 | (1) |
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Janus kinases/signal transducers and activators of transcription pathway |
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70 | (2) |
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72 | (1) |
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Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway |
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72 | (1) |
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72 | (1) |
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73 | (10) |
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7 Metabolic pathway-based target therapy to hepatocellular carcinoma: a computational approach |
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83 | (22) |
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83 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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Pathways to cause liver cancer |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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87 | (1) |
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Identification of key genes |
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87 | (1) |
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Protein-protein interaction |
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88 | (1) |
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88 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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Copy number variations study |
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90 | (1) |
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Target therapy in liver cancer |
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90 | (1) |
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Glucose metabolism---based target therapy |
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91 | (1) |
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Amino acid metabolism---based target therapy |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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Branched-chain amino acid metabolism |
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93 | (1) |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (1) |
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95 | (1) |
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Genome-scale metabolic modeling |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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96 | (9) |
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8 Targeting ion channels in hepatic cancer |
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105 | (28) |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (2) |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (2) |
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Ion channels in cancer pathophysiology |
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110 | (1) |
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Ion channels in liver cancer |
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111 | (1) |
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Ca2+'permeable channels in liver cancer |
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112 | (4) |
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Targeting Ca2+ channels for liver cancer therapy |
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116 | (2) |
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K+ channels in liver cancer |
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118 | (2) |
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Targeting K channels for liver cancer therapy |
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120 | (1) |
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Cl~ channels in liver cancer |
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121 | (1) |
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Targeting Cl~ channels for liver cancer therapy |
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122 | (1) |
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Na+ channels in liver cancer |
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123 | (1) |
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Targeting Na+ channels for liver cancer therapy |
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124 | (1) |
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Diagnostic and prognostic value of ion channels and their subunits in hepatic cancer |
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125 | (1) |
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Summary and future perspectives |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (1) |
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127 | (6) |
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9 Tyrosine kinases: their role in hepatocellular carcinoma |
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133 | (16) |
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133 | (1) |
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133 | (1) |
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134 | (1) |
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134 | (1) |
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Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma |
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135 | (1) |
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136 | (1) |
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137 | (1) |
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Involvement of tyrosine kinases in liver cancer |
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138 | (1) |
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Classification of tyrosine kinases |
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138 | (1) |
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Small molecules as tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target receptor tyrosine kinase |
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139 | (1) |
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Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor |
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139 | (1) |
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Platelet-derived growth factor receptor |
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140 | (1) |
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Fibroblast growth factor receptor |
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141 | (1) |
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Epidermal growth factor receptor |
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142 | (1) |
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Other tyrosine kinase inhibitors |
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142 | (1) |
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Small molecules as tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target nonreceptor tyrosine kinase |
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143 | (1) |
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Conclusion and future perspectives |
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143 | (2) |
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145 | (4) |
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10 Role of transcription factors in hepatocellular carcinoma |
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149 | (16) |
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149 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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Introduction to transcription factors |
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150 | (1) |
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Hepatocellular carcinoma and transcription factor |
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151 | (1) |
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v-myc Avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog transcription factor |
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152 | (1) |
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v-myb Myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (avian)-like 2 transcription factor |
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153 | (1) |
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Beta-catenin transcription factor |
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153 | (1) |
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Activator protein-1 transcription factor |
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153 | (1) |
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154 | (1) |
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Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 transcription factor |
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154 | (1) |
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E2F transcription factors |
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154 | (1) |
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Homeobox protein transcription factor |
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154 | (1) |
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Drugs targeting hepatocellular carcinoma and their mode of action |
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155 | (1) |
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155 | (1) |
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156 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 inhibitors |
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159 | (1) |
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INCB057643 and BMS-986158 |
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159 | (1) |
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159 | (1) |
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Conclusion and future perspectives |
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159 | (1) |
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159 | (6) |
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11 Modulatory act of diverse transcriptional factors in liver carcinoma |
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165 | (20) |
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165 | (1) |
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165 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (2) |
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Transcriptional regulation of activator protein 1 in hepatic cell carcinoma |
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168 | (1) |
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Regulatory act of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in hepatocellular carcinoma |
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169 | (2) |
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Implications of E2F transcription factors in human primary liver carcinoma |
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171 | (1) |
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Zinc finger homeobox 3 in hepatocellular carcinoma progression |
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172 | (2) |
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Inference of forkhead box Ml in hepatocellular carcinoma |
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174 | (1) |
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Influence of nuclear factor kappa-B transcription factor in hepatocellular carcinoma |
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175 | (2) |
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Conclusions and future perspectives |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (7) |
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184 | (1) |
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12 Association of specificity protein 1 with hepatocellular carcinoma |
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185 | (10) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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186 | (1) |
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The specificity protein transcription factor |
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186 | (1) |
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CD147 protein and specificity protein 1 |
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187 | (1) |
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187 | (1) |
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Ras guanine nucleotide-releasing protein 1 |
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188 | (1) |
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RING1 and YY1 binding protein |
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189 | (1) |
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Noncoding RNA genes regulated by specificity protein 1 that promotes hepatocellular carcinoma |
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189 | (1) |
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189 | (1) |
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Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 |
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190 | (1) |
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Conclusions and future directions |
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191 | (1) |
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192 | (1) |
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192 | (3) |
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13 Promising biomarkers for liver cancer |
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195 | (14) |
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Sowbhagya Ramachandregowda |
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Anupama Sindhghatta Kariyappa |
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195 | (1) |
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195 | (1) |
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195 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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198 | (3) |
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201 | (1) |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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204 | (1) |
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204 | (1) |
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204 | (5) |
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14 Molecular signaling and its role in drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinomas |
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209 | (18) |
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Sri Krishna Jayadev Magani |
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209 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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Signaling pathways and their significance in drug resistance |
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211 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway |
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213 | (2) |
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215 | (1) |
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216 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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Cancer stem cell markers in hepatocellular carcinoma |
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217 | (1) |
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The cancer stem cell microenvironment |
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218 | (1) |
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Cancer stem cell---regulating transcription factors |
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218 | (1) |
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MicroRNAs as cancer stem cell regulators in liver cancer |
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219 | (1) |
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Stem cell regulatory pathways |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (1) |
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220 | (1) |
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220 | (7) |
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15 Multidrug resistance, a major obstacle in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment: challenges and future perspectives |
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227 | (28) |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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228 | (1) |
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229 | (1) |
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Current therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma |
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230 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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232 | (1) |
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232 | (1) |
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232 | (1) |
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233 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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235 | (1) |
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235 | (1) |
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235 | (1) |
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235 | (1) |
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Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors |
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235 | (1) |
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235 | (1) |
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236 | (1) |
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236 | (1) |
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Mammalian target of rapamycin pathway inhibitor |
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236 | (1) |
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237 | (1) |
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237 | (1) |
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Pathway associated with multidrug resistance |
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237 | (4) |
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241 | (1) |
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242 | (1) |
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243 | (1) |
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243 | (1) |
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244 | (1) |
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Therapeutic aspects (overcoming multidrug resistance) |
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244 | (1) |
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Conclusion and future perspectives |
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245 | (1) |
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246 | (9) |
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16 Proliferative signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma |
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255 | (18) |
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Pallaval Veera Bramhachari |
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255 | (1) |
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255 | (1) |
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255 | (2) |
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257 | (1) |
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Significant targeting pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma |
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257 | (1) |
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Epidermal growth factor receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 signaling |
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257 | (1) |
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Hepatocyte growth factor---mesenchymal epithelial transition signaling |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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Insulin glucose signaling |
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259 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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262 | (1) |
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Nuclear receptor signaling |
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262 | (1) |
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Phosphoinositide 3-kinase---protein kinase B signaling |
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263 | (1) |
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263 | (1) |
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Transforming growth factor-beta signaling |
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263 | (1) |
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Vascular endothelial growth factor signaling |
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264 | (1) |
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Wnt/beta-catenin signaling |
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264 | (1) |
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Conclusions and future perspectives |
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265 | (1) |
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265 | (1) |
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265 | (6) |
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271 | (2) |
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17 Targeting angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma |
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273 | (8) |
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Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju |
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273 | (1) |
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273 | (1) |
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273 | (1) |
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274 | (2) |
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Antiangiogenic treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma |
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276 | (1) |
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Imaging investigations for angiogenesis |
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276 | (2) |
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278 | (1) |
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278 | (1) |
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278 | (1) |
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278 | (3) |
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18 Conventional and novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of liver cancer |
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281 | (26) |
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281 | (1) |
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281 | (1) |
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282 | (1) |
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283 | (2) |
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Various biomarkers known for hepatocellular carcinoma |
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285 | (3) |
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Alpha-fetoprotein and lectin-bound alpha fetoprotein 3 |
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288 | (1) |
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288 | (1) |
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Prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence II or des-~f-carboxy prothrombin |
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289 | (1) |
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290 | (1) |
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Glypican 3, osteopontin, and novel biomarkers |
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290 | (1) |
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291 | (1) |
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291 | (1) |
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291 | (1) |
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292 | (1) |
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293 | (1) |
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293 | (1) |
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293 | (1) |
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294 | (1) |
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Squamous cell carcinoma antigen |
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294 | (1) |
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294 | (2) |
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Transcribed ultraconserved region element 338 |
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296 | (1) |
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296 | (1) |
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Transforming growth factor beta |
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297 | (1) |
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Tumor-specific growth factor |
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297 | (1) |
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Epidermal growth factor receptor |
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297 | (1) |
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297 | (1) |
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298 | (1) |
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298 | (1) |
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298 | (1) |
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Next-generation sequencing analysis in hepatocellular carcinoma |
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299 | (1) |
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299 | (1) |
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300 | (1) |
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301 | (5) |
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306 | (1) |
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19 Updates on the staging and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma |
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307 | (14) |
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307 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
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308 | (1) |
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308 | (1) |
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308 | (2) |
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Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage 0 |
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310 | (1) |
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Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A (early stage) |
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311 | (1) |
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312 | (1) |
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Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B (intermediate stage) |
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312 | (1) |
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Transarterial chemoembolization |
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312 | (1) |
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Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C (advanced stage) |
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313 | (1) |
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Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage D (terminal stage) |
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314 | (1) |
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314 | (1) |
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314 | (2) |
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316 | (1) |
|
|
316 | (5) |
|
20 ROS-mediated pathways: potential role in hepatocellular carcinoma biology and therapy |
|
|
321 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
|
322 | (1) |
|
Reactive oxygen species biology |
|
|
323 | (1) |
|
Reactive oxygen species mediates liver carcinogenesis |
|
|
324 | (1) |
|
Reactive oxygen species-mediated cellular pathways |
|
|
325 | (2) |
|
Reactive oxygen species in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy |
|
|
327 | (1) |
|
Anticancer natural compounds |
|
|
327 | (3) |
|
|
330 | (1) |
|
|
331 | (1) |
|
|
331 | (1) |
|
|
331 | (1) |
|
|
331 | (6) |
|
21 Dysregulated cell-signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma: causes and therapeutic options |
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|
337 | (20) |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
337 | (1) |
|
|
337 | (1) |
|
|
338 | (1) |
|
|
338 | (1) |
|
Signaling factors and pathways implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma |
|
|
339 | (1) |
|
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling |
|
|
339 | (1) |
|
Epidermal growth factor receptor, insulin-like growth factor, and hepatocyte growth factor signaling |
|
|
340 | (1) |
|
Ras/MAPK signaling pathway and hepatocellular carcinoma |
|
|
340 | (2) |
|
|
342 | (2) |
|
Signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway |
|
|
344 | (1) |
|
WNT/beta-catenin pathways |
|
|
345 | (1) |
|
|
345 | (1) |
|
Therapeutic options in hepatocellular carcinoma |
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
Therapies targeting vascular endothelial growth factor and their receptors |
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
Notch-signaling inhibitors |
|
|
347 | (1) |
|
STAT-signaling inhibitors |
|
|
347 | (1) |
|
|
348 | (1) |
|
|
348 | (1) |
|
|
349 | (8) |
|
22 LKB11/STK11-mediated signal transduction in hepatocellular carcinoma |
|
|
357 | (8) |
|
|
|
Aramati Bindu Madhava Reddy |
|
|
|
357 | (1) |
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|
357 | (1) |
|
|
357 | (1) |
|
|
358 | (1) |
|
Liver kinase B1 as a regulator of hepatocellular carcinoma progression |
|
|
359 | (1) |
|
Mechanism of liver kinase B1 signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma |
|
|
359 | (3) |
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Adenosine monophosphate---activated protein kinase as the downstream signaling mediator of liver kinase B1 |
|
|
362 | (2) |
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|
364 | (1) |
Conclusion |
|
365 | (1) |
Acknowledgments |
|
365 | (1) |
References |
|
365 | (4) |
Index |
|
369 | |