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Third Dimension [Mīkstie vāki]

Edited by (The Open University), Prepared for publication by (The Open University), Edited by (The Open University), Other
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 254 pages, height x width: 263x210 mm, weight: 960 g, No
  • Sērija : The Molecular World Volume 1
  • Izdošanas datums: 18-Jul-2002
  • Izdevniecība: Royal Society of Chemistry
  • ISBN-10: 0854046607
  • ISBN-13: 9780854046607
  • Mīkstie vāki
  • Cena: 36,51 €
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  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 254 pages, height x width: 263x210 mm, weight: 960 g, No
  • Sērija : The Molecular World Volume 1
  • Izdošanas datums: 18-Jul-2002
  • Izdevniecība: Royal Society of Chemistry
  • ISBN-10: 0854046607
  • ISBN-13: 9780854046607
The three-dimensional aspects of molecular shape can be crucial to both properties and reactions. The Third Dimension explores the arrangements of atoms in molecules and in different types of solids. Initial chapters describe the common crystal structures and how they are related to close-packed arrangements of ions. Metallic, ionic, molecular and extended covalent crystals are covered; major types of crystal defects are also discussed. The book then introduces isomerism, and explores the stereochemical consequences of the tetrahedral carbon atom. Chirality is also investigated. The book concludes with a Case Study on Liquid Crystals, which describes structures, properties and applications. As visualisation in 3D is an important part of this book, the accompanying CD-ROMs provide video material, interactive questions and exercises using models to aid understanding of crystals, organic molecules and stereochemistry. All necessary programs are provided. The Molecular World series provides an integrated introduction to all branches of chemistry for both students wishing to specialise and those wishing to gain a broad understanding of chemistry and its relevance to the everyday world and to other areas of science. The books, with their Case Studies and accompanying multi-media interactive CD-ROMs, will also provide valuable resource material for teachers and lecturers. (The CD-ROMs are designed for use on a PC running Windows 95, 98, ME or 2000.)


This book explores the arrangements of atoms in molecules and in different types of solids.

Recenzijas

"... a very readable style for introductory students and gives helpful hints with concepts students often find difficult." * Australian Journal of Chemistry, 2002, 55, 487-489 * "... [ the] computer-based material ... is well thought out and is excellently presented ...questions and model exercises are well thought out ... The learning process is excellently aided through the computer-based activities and handling of the drawing and modelling programmes ..." * J Chem Soc Perkin Transactions 1, No 19, 7 October 2002, p 2205 * "A good addition to any undergraduate library and a useful supplement to courses covering structure and crystals." * CHOICE, Vol 40, No 7, March 2003 * "This is an excellent book, and very fit for purpose." * School Science Review, Issue No 309, 2003 * "The strength of this title, apart from the clear writing style, is the quality of graphics both in the book and on the CD-ROM." * School Science Review, September 2003, 85, (310), p 135-136 *

PART 1 CRYSTALS
Lesley Smart
Introduction
11(4)
Structures Of Metals
15(14)
Close-packing in two dimensions
15(1)
Close-packing in three dimensions
16(8)
Body-centred and primitive cubic structures
24(4)
Summary of Section 2
28(1)
The Internal Structure of a Crystal
29(17)
Lattice points and lattices
29(8)
The unit cell
37(7)
Summary of Section 3
44(2)
Ionic Solids
46(23)
Structures with the general formula MX
47(9)
The caesium chloride (CsCl) structure
47(1)
Unit cell projections---packing diagrams
48(1)
The sodium chloride (NaCl) structure
49(6)
The zinc blende (ZnS) or sphalerite structure
55(1)
Structures with the general formula MX2
56(5)
The fluorite and antifluorite structures
56(3)
The cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and cadmium iodide (CdI2) structures
59(1)
The rutile structure
60(1)
Other important crystal structures
61(7)
Corundum, α-Al2O3
61(2)
Rhenium trioxide, ReO3
63(1)
The perovskite structure
64(1)
The spinel (MgAl2O4) structure
65(3)
Summary of Section 4
68(1)
Ionic Radii
69(13)
Interaculear distances in ionic crystals
70(1)
Trends in ionic radii
71(1)
Determination of ionic radii
72(5)
Crystal structure and ionic size
77(2)
Moving away from the ionic model
79(2)
Summary of Section 5
81(1)
Extended Covalent Structures
82(7)
Summary of Section 6
88(1)
Molecular Crystals
89(11)
Bonding In Crystals
89(3)
Radii of atoms and ions
92(1)
Molecular crystals
93(6)
Summary of Section 7
99(1)
Defects In Crystals
100(5)
Stoichiometric defects
100(3)
Colour centres
103(1)
Non-stoichiometric compounds
103(1)
Summary of Section 8
104(1)
Summary of the Third Dimension: Crystals
105(16)
Learning Outcomes
106(3)
Questions: Answers and Comments
109(8)
Answers to Computer Activities
117(1)
Further Reading
118(1)
Acknowledgements
118(3)
PART 2 MOLECULAR SHAPE
Michael Gagan
The Tetrahedral Carbon Atom
121(5)
Molecular Conformation
126(2)
Summary of Section 2
127(1)
The Representation of Molecules
128(8)
Constitutional (Structural) Isomerism
136(3)
Stereoisomers of Molecules Containing Double Bonds
139(9)
Some Other geometrical isomers
146(2)
Chirality
148(12)
Summary of Sections 5 and 6
158(2)
Molecules With More Than One Chiral Atom
160(5)
Summary of Section 7
164(1)
Stereochemisrty of Saturated Ring Compounds
165(2)
Three- and Four-Membered Rings
165(1)
Summary of Section 8
166(1)
Conclusion
167(30)
Appendix A Brief Survey Of Organic Functional Groups
169(6)
Learning Outcomes
175(2)
Questions: Answers and Comments
177(9)
Answers to Exercises
186(2)
Answers to Model Exercises
188(6)
Further Reading
194(1)
Acknowledgements
194(3)
CASE STUDY: LIQUID CRYSTALS --- THE FOURTH STATE OF MATTER
Corrie Imrie
The Discovery
197(5)
The Fourth State of Matter
202(1)
Types of Liquid Crystals
203(3)
Liquid Crystal Phases
206(2)
Identifying Liquid Crystal Phases
208(2)
Molecular Structure and Liquid Crystallinity
210(2)
Liquid Crystal Display Devices
212(3)
Chirality and Liquid Crystals
215(2)
Discotic Liquid Crystals
217(2)
Liquid Crystal Polymers
219(4)
Side-Group Liquid Crystal Polymers
223(3)
Lyotropic Liquid Crystals
226(2)
Liquid Crystals and Life
228(2)
What Next?
230(1)
Further Reading 231(1)
Acknowledgements 231(1)
Index 232(8)
CD-ROM Information 240