Symbols and abbreviations |
|
xiii | |
Contributors |
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xxi | |
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1 Acute medical emergencies and practical procedures |
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1 | (36) |
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1.1 Cardiorespiratory arrest |
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2 | (2) |
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4 | (2) |
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1.3 Acute coronary syndromes |
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6 | (64) |
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70 | (4) |
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74 | (2) |
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1.6 Hypertensive emergencies |
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|
76 | (2) |
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18 | (2) |
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20 | (2) |
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1.9 Massive pulmonary embolism |
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22 | (2) |
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1.10 Acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (2) |
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1.13 Traumatic brain injury |
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28 | (2) |
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30 | (7) |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (3) |
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37 | (24) |
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38 | (4) |
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42 | (2) |
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2.3 Food, drug, latex, and venom allergy |
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44 | (2) |
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2.4 Urticaria and angio-oedema |
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46 | (2) |
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48 | (2) |
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2.6 Approach to the immunosuppressed individual |
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50 | (2) |
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52 | (4) |
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2.8 Immunology investigations |
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56 | (2) |
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2.9 Immunological therapies |
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58 | (3) |
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3 Cardiovascular medicine |
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61 | (58) |
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62 | (4) |
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3.2 Cardiovascular investigation |
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66 | (8) |
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3.3 Ischaemic heart disease |
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74 | (8) |
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82 | (6) |
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3.5 Pacemakers and devices |
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88 | (2) |
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90 | (6) |
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3.7 Valvular heart disease |
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96 | (8) |
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3.8 Structural heart disease |
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104 | (4) |
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108 | (4) |
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112 | (2) |
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114 | (2) |
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116 | (3) |
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4 Care of the elderly medicine |
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119 | (20) |
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4.1 Science and physiological changes of ageing |
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120 | (2) |
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4.2 Assessment of the elderly |
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122 | (2) |
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4.3 Activities of daily living, disability, and rehabilitation |
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124 | (2) |
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4.4 Dementia and mental state examination |
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126 | (5) |
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131 | (1) |
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132 | (4) |
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4.7 Prescribing in the elderly |
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136 | (3) |
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5 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics |
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139 | (20) |
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140 | (2) |
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142 | (2) |
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5.3 Drug metabolism and prescribing in special circumstances |
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144 | (2) |
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146 | (1) |
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5.5 Adverse drug reactions |
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147 | (1) |
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148 | (2) |
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5.7 Paracetamol poisoning |
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150 | (2) |
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|
152 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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|
154 | (1) |
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5.11 Carbon monoxide poisoning |
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155 | (1) |
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5.12 Ethylene glycol poisoning |
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156 | (1) |
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5.13 Tricyclic antidepressant poisoning |
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157 | (2) |
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|
159 | (50) |
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160 | (2) |
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162 | (2) |
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6.3 Blistering skin disorders |
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164 | (4) |
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6.4 Bacterial and viral infections of the skin |
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168 | (4) |
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6.5 Fungal infections and infestations |
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172 | (2) |
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174 | (1) |
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6.7 Stevens--Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (1) |
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177 | (1) |
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|
178 | (2) |
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6.11 Malignant skin tumours |
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180 | (4) |
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6.12 The skin and systemic disease |
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184 | (4) |
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6.13 Cutaneous lupus erythematosus |
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188 | (2) |
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6.14 Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) |
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190 | (2) |
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192 | (2) |
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6.16 Structure and function of the skin, hair, and nails |
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194 | (1) |
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195 | (1) |
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196 | (2) |
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6.19 Hirsutism and hypertrichosis |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (1) |
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200 | (1) |
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6.22 Hidradenitis suppurativa |
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201 | (1) |
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6.23 Disorders of pigmentation |
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202 | (1) |
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6.24 Urticaria and angio-oedema |
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203 | (1) |
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204 | (2) |
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206 | (3) |
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209 | (96) |
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210 | (10) |
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220 | (4) |
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224 | (4) |
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228 | (2) |
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7.5 Goitre and thyroid nodule |
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230 | (2) |
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232 | (4) |
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236 | (4) |
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240 | (4) |
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244 | (4) |
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248 | (2) |
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7.11 Adrenal incidentaloma |
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|
250 | (2) |
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7.12 Primary hyperaldosteronism |
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|
252 | (4) |
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7.13 Adrenal insufficiency |
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256 | (4) |
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7.14 Phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma |
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260 | (4) |
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7.15 Male hypogonadism and gynaecomastia |
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|
264 | (4) |
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7.16 Menstrual disorders and anovulation |
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268 | (1) |
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7.17 Hirsutism and the polycystic ovarian syndrome |
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|
269 | (1) |
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7.18 Multiple endocrine neoplasia and other genetic endocrine tumour syndromes |
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|
270 | (2) |
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7.19 Neuroendocrine tumours |
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272 | (2) |
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7.20 Acid--base disorders |
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|
274 | (2) |
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|
276 | (4) |
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|
280 | (2) |
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|
282 | (2) |
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|
284 | (2) |
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|
286 | (2) |
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|
288 | (4) |
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292 | (2) |
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294 | (2) |
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296 | (2) |
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|
298 | (2) |
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7.31 Adult inborn errors of metabolism |
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|
300 | (2) |
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302 | (3) |
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|
305 | (26) |
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|
306 | (2) |
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|
308 | (4) |
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8.3 Diabetes---long-term management |
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|
312 | (4) |
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316 | (4) |
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|
320 | (2) |
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|
322 | (2) |
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|
324 | (2) |
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|
326 | (2) |
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8.9 The diabetic pregnancy |
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|
328 | (2) |
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8.10 Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance |
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|
330 | (1) |
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9 Gastroenterology and hepatology |
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|
331 | (70) |
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|
332 | (4) |
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9.2 Gastrointestinal investigation |
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|
336 | (4) |
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9.3 Malabsorption and malnutrition |
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|
340 | (6) |
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9.4 Inflammatory bowel disease |
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|
346 | (4) |
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9.5 Acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage |
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|
350 | (6) |
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9.6 Lower gastrointestinal bleeding and related disorders |
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|
356 | (4) |
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9.7 Gastrointestinal infections |
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|
360 | (4) |
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9.8 Gastrointestinal cancer |
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|
364 | (6) |
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9.9 Miscellaneous gastrointestinal problems |
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|
370 | (4) |
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9.10 Normal liver and biliary function |
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|
374 | (2) |
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|
376 | (2) |
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|
378 | (2) |
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9.13 Acute (fulminant) liver failure |
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|
380 | (2) |
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|
382 | (2) |
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9.15 Wilson disease (hepatolenticular degeneration) |
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|
384 | (2) |
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9.16 Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency |
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|
386 | (2) |
|
9.17 Alcohol-induced liver disease |
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|
388 | (2) |
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|
390 | (6) |
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|
396 | (4) |
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9.20 Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
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|
400 | (1) |
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|
401 | (30) |
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10.1 Karyotype, mitosis, and meiosis |
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|
402 | (2) |
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10.2 Mechanisms of inheritance/disease transmission |
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|
404 | (2) |
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10.3 Mitochondrial disease |
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|
406 | (2) |
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10.4 Trinucleotide repeats and imprinting |
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|
408 | (2) |
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10.5 Investigative techniques in genetic medicine |
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|
410 | (2) |
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|
412 | (2) |
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10.7 Klinefelter syndrome |
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|
414 | (2) |
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|
416 | (2) |
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|
418 | (2) |
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|
420 | (2) |
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|
422 | (2) |
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|
424 | (1) |
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|
425 | (1) |
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10.14 Prader--Willi syndrome |
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|
426 | (1) |
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|
427 | (1) |
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10.16 Ehlers--Danlos syndrome |
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|
428 | (3) |
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|
431 | (52) |
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|
432 | (4) |
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|
436 | (8) |
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|
444 | (2) |
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|
446 | (4) |
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|
450 | (4) |
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11.6 Myelodysplastic syndromes |
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|
454 | (2) |
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|
456 | (4) |
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11.8 Myeloproliferative disorders |
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|
460 | (4) |
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|
464 | (6) |
|
11.10 Multiple myeloma and related diseases |
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|
470 | (4) |
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11.11 Haemostasis and thrombosis |
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|
474 | (9) |
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|
483 | (50) |
|
12.1 Infectious diseases: an overview |
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|
484 | (2) |
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12.2 Diagnostic techniques |
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|
486 | (2) |
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|
488 | (2) |
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|
490 | (3) |
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|
493 | (1) |
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12.6 Nosocomial infection |
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|
494 | (2) |
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12.7 Travel-related infection |
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|
496 | (4) |
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12.8 Immunocompromised hosts |
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|
500 | (1) |
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12.9 Pyrexia of unknown origin |
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|
501 | (1) |
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12.10 Infection in injecting drug users |
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|
502 | (1) |
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|
503 | (1) |
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|
504 | (4) |
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|
508 | (6) |
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12.14 Bacterial infections |
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|
514 | (8) |
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12.15 Mycobacterial infections |
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|
522 | (3) |
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12.16 Rickettsial infections |
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|
525 | (1) |
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12.17 Systemic fungal infections |
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|
526 | (2) |
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12.18 Protozoal infections |
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|
528 | (2) |
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12.19 Helminthic infections |
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|
530 | (3) |
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13 Intensive care medicine |
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|
533 | (24) |
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|
534 | (2) |
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13.2 Basic principles of critical illness |
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|
536 | (2) |
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13.3 Organ support in multi-organ failure |
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|
538 | (10) |
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13.4 Management of conditions specific to ICU |
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|
548 | (6) |
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13.5 Withdrawal of therapy, brainstem death, and organ donation |
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|
554 | (3) |
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14 Neurology and neurosurgery |
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|
557 | (82) |
|
14.1 The approach to the neurological patient |
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|
558 | (2) |
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14.2 Neurological examination |
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|
560 | (2) |
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14.3 Neurological investigations |
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|
562 | (2) |
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|
564 | (2) |
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14.5 Acquired brain injury |
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|
566 | (2) |
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|
568 | (2) |
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14.7 Alcohol and the nervous system |
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|
570 | (2) |
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|
572 | (2) |
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14.9 Common cranial nerve disorders |
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|
574 | (2) |
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|
576 | (1) |
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14.11 Other primary headaches |
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|
577 | (1) |
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|
578 | (2) |
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14.13 Neuro-ophthalmology |
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|
580 | (4) |
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14.14 Vertigo and hearing loss |
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|
584 | (4) |
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14.15 Seizures and epilepsy |
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|
588 | (6) |
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14.16 Intracranial pressure |
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|
594 | (2) |
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|
596 | (6) |
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14.18 Central nervous system infections |
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|
602 | (4) |
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|
606 | (2) |
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|
608 | (2) |
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|
610 | (2) |
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14.22 Other movement disorders |
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|
612 | (2) |
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14.23 Spinal cord disorders (myelopathy) |
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|
614 | (4) |
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14.24 Spinal nerve root disorders (radiculopathies) |
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|
618 | (2) |
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14.25 Motor neurone disease |
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|
620 | (2) |
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14.26 Peripheral nerve disorders |
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|
622 | (4) |
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14.27 Mitochondrial disease and channelopathies |
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|
626 | (2) |
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14.28 Neuromuscular junction and muscle disorders |
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|
628 | (4) |
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|
632 | (2) |
|
14.30 Neurological disorders in pregnancy |
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|
634 | (1) |
|
14.31 The neurology of HIV infection |
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|
635 | (1) |
|
14.32 Functional neurology |
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|
636 | (3) |
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|
639 | (30) |
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|
640 | (2) |
|
15.2 Genetics in oncology |
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|
642 | (2) |
|
15.3 Screening strategies in oncology |
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|
644 | (2) |
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15.4 Diagnostic techniques in oncology |
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|
646 | (4) |
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15.5 Oncological emergencies |
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|
650 | (2) |
|
15.6 Breast cancer and lymphoma |
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|
652 | (2) |
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|
654 | (2) |
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15.8 Paraneoplastic syndromes |
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|
656 | (2) |
|
15.9 Chemotherapy, biological therapy, and targeted therapy |
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|
658 | (2) |
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|
660 | (2) |
|
15.11 End of life: the multidisciplinary approach |
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|
662 | (2) |
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|
664 | (5) |
|
16 Ophthalmology (medical) |
|
|
669 | (12) |
|
16.1 Normal ocular structure and function |
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|
670 | (2) |
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|
672 | (2) |
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|
674 | (2) |
|
16.4 Retinal vein occlusion |
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|
676 | (2) |
|
16.5 Retinal artery occlusion |
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|
678 | (3) |
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|
681 | (58) |
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|
682 | (2) |
|
17.2 Pathophysiology of renal disease |
|
|
684 | (1) |
|
17.3 The Kidney as an `Endocrine' Organ |
|
|
685 | (1) |
|
17.4 Renal investigations |
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|
686 | (4) |
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|
690 | (2) |
|
17.6 Chronic kidney disease/renal failure |
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|
692 | (3) |
|
17.7 Renal replacement therapy |
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|
695 | (1) |
|
17.8 Renal transplantation |
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|
696 | (4) |
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|
700 | (2) |
|
17.10 Peritoneal dialysis |
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|
702 | (2) |
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|
704 | (2) |
|
17.12 Primary glomerular causes of nephrotic syndrome/proteinuria |
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|
706 | (4) |
|
17.13 Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis |
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|
710 | (6) |
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|
716 | (2) |
|
17.15 Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis |
|
|
718 | (2) |
|
17.16 Tubulointerstitial nephritis |
|
|
720 | (2) |
|
17.17 Renal tubular disorders |
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|
722 | (2) |
|
17.18 Urinary tract obstruction |
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|
724 | (2) |
|
17.19 Renal stone disease |
|
|
726 | (2) |
|
17.20 Urinary tract infection in adults |
|
|
728 | (2) |
|
17.21 Renovascular disease |
|
|
730 | (2) |
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|
732 | (2) |
|
17.23 Inherited renal disease |
|
|
734 | (4) |
|
17.24 Renal disease and pregnancy |
|
|
738 | (1) |
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|
739 | (50) |
|
18.1 An introduction to the respiratory system |
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|
740 | (2) |
|
18.2 Respiratory defence and physiology |
|
|
742 | (2) |
|
18.3 Respiratory investigations |
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|
744 | (4) |
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|
748 | (2) |
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|
750 | (4) |
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|
754 | (2) |
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|
756 | (2) |
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|
758 | (2) |
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|
760 | (2) |
|
18.10 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
|
|
762 | (2) |
|
18.11 Acute respiratory distress syndrome |
|
|
764 | (2) |
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|
766 | (2) |
|
18.13 Fungal lung diseases |
|
|
768 | (2) |
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|
770 | (2) |
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|
772 | (2) |
|
|
774 | (2) |
|
18.17 Extrinsic allergic alveolitis |
|
|
776 | (2) |
|
18.18 Occupational lung diseases |
|
|
778 | (2) |
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|
780 | (2) |
|
18.20 Cor pulmonale and pulmonary hypertension |
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|
782 | (2) |
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|
784 | (2) |
|
18.22 Cough and haemoptysis |
|
|
786 | (1) |
|
18.23 Pulmonary eosinophilia, obstructive sleep apnoea |
|
|
787 | (2) |
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|
789 | (38) |
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|
790 | (2) |
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|
792 | (2) |
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|
794 | (2) |
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|
796 | (2) |
|
19.5 Rheumatoid arthritis |
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|
798 | (4) |
|
|
802 | (2) |
|
19.7 Crystal arthropathies |
|
|
804 | (2) |
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|
806 | (2) |
|
|
808 | (2) |
|
|
810 | (2) |
|
19.11 Systemic lupus erythematosus |
|
|
812 | (2) |
|
|
814 | (1) |
|
19.13 Polymyositis/dermatomyositis |
|
|
815 | (1) |
|
|
816 | (2) |
|
19.15 Giant cell arteritis/polymyalgia rheumatica |
|
|
818 | (2) |
|
19.16 Polyarteritis nodosa |
|
|
820 | (1) |
|
19.17 Churg-Strauss syndrome (eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis) |
|
|
821 | (1) |
|
19.18 Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener) |
|
|
822 | (2) |
|
19.19 Treating systemic vasculitis |
|
|
824 | (1) |
|
19.20 Relapsing polychondritis |
|
|
825 | (1) |
|
|
826 | (1) |
|
20 Epidemiology and evidence-based medicine |
|
|
827 | (32) |
|
|
828 | (2) |
|
|
830 | (2) |
|
20.3 Types of data and descriptive statistics |
|
|
832 | (4) |
|
20.4 From samples to populations |
|
|
836 | (4) |
|
|
840 | (4) |
|
20.6 Relative risk, Odds Ratios, and `Number Needed to Treat' |
|
|
844 | (2) |
|
|
846 | (4) |
|
|
850 | (2) |
|
|
852 | (2) |
|
|
854 | (2) |
|
20.11 `How to read a paper' |
|
|
856 | (3) |
|
21 Professionalism, communication, and ethics |
|
|
859 | (8) |
|
21.1 Communication: the final common pathway for clinical excellence, professionalism, and ethical practice |
|
|
860 | (7) |
Index |
|
867 | |