Focusing on the history of World Christianity, this book relates the concept of transloyalties to developments during the Period of Decolonization and the Cold War. This was a time when the terms loyal and loyalty became more frequently used, not only in the United States, where a loyalty program was introduced but also in Africa, Asia, and Europe. Churches and ecumenical organizations had to navigate in this context of new loyalty demands. They had to clarify whether changes in church/ state relations and corresponding changes in their organizational structures were necessary, or whether they affected core identities. Was the restriction or exclusion of Western missionaries a threat to the universal character of the church or a transition to self-governing churches? How did African and Asian churches relate to Western mission societies in the new context? Was the strive for justice a basis for cooperation with socialist governments, or were the concepts fundamentally different? How were denominations organized at a national level? Which forms of church government were chosen? Which denominations could become members of Christian Councils that represented joint interests toward the states? These are some of the questions that underlie the importance of this volume to the study of the history of World Christianity.
1. Introduction
2. Changing Conditions and Changing Contours: World
Christianity during the Period of Decolonization and the Cold War
3. American
Protestants and Covert Propaganda in China: Renegotiating Loyalties During
World War II
4. Testing Lutheranism in A Time of Revolution: The Divergent
Paths of Two Chinese Lutheran Church Leaders
5. Missionary Kids among
Worlds and Loyalties The Case of Aadel Brun Tschudi (1909-1980)
6. Rajah
Bushanam Manikam, the first Indian Lutheran bishop between Tranquebar and
Peking in 1956
7. For Want of a Portuguese Soul: Loyalty/Disloyalty
Narratives in the Context of the Missionary Work of American Methodists in
Northern Angola in the Early 1960s
8. Negotiating a Complex Site of
Agricultural Education within the Malagasy Lutheran Church at Independence
9.
Umphumulo as a Theological Centre in the 1960s and its International Impact
10. The wheel of history relentlessly rolling forward: Perspectives of
the German Democratic Republic on Lutheran World Federation Assemblies
between 1957 1970
11. The End of Missionary Transloyalties in the
Ecumenical Movement? The Humanization of the Gospel, the Frankfurt
Declaration of 1970 and the long 1960s
12. Negotiating Loyalties and Taking
Sides: Gudina Tumsa and Tsehay Tolassa in Ethiopia during a Period of Change.
Frieder Ludwig is Professor of Global Studies and Religion in the Faculty of Theology and Social Sciences at VID Specialized University in Stavanger, Norway.
Ellen Vea Rosnes is Professor of Intercultural Communication and Global Studies in the Faculty of Theology and Social Sciences at VID Specialized University in Stavanger, Norway.
Joar Haga is Professor of Church History in the Faculty of Theology and Social Sciences at VID Specialized University in Stavanger, Norway.
Marina Xiaojing Wang is a post-doctoral research fellow in the Centre of Mission and Global Studies (now the Centre of the Study of World Christianity and Religion) at VID Specialized University in Stavanger, Norway (20202023).
Jairzinho Lopes Pereira is a post-doctoral research fellow in the Centre of Mission and Global Studies (now the Centre of the Study of World Christianity and Religion) at VID Specialized University in Stavanger, Norway (20202023).