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E-grāmata: Treatise on Process Metallurgy, Volume 1: Process Fundamentals

Editor-in-chief (Professor Emeritus, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden)
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 20-Nov-2013
  • Izdevniecība: Elsevier / The Lancet
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780080969879
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Treatise on Process Metallurgy, Volume 1: Process FundamentalsPalielināt
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 20-Nov-2013
  • Izdevniecība: Elsevier / The Lancet
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780080969879
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Modelled after the three-volume Treatise for Physical Metallurgy (Cahn and Haasen), this reference on process metallurgy is also in three volumes, of which this is the first. Bringing together fundamental concepts and practical applications and offering sufficient theory, the separately-sold volumes together present material in 13 sections. This first volume focuses on fundamentals and begins with a history of metallurgy and an overall introduction, followed by coverage of the structure and properties of matter, thermodynamic aspects, and transport phenomena and kinetics. Annotation ©2014 Ringgold, Inc., Portland, OR (protoview.com)

Process Metallurgy provides academics with the fundamentals of the manufacturing of metallic materials, from raw materials into finished parts or products.

Coverage is divided into three volumes, entitled FUNDAMENTAL PROCESS METALLURGY, encompassing process fundamentals, extractive and refining processes, metallurgical process phenomena; TYPES OF PROCESSING, encompassing ferrous processing; non-ferrous processing; refractory-, reactive and aquaeous processing of metals; and SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS, encompassing process modelling and computational tools; energy optimisation; environmental aspects; and industrial design.

The work distils 400+ years combined academic experience from the principal editor and multi-disciplinary 14-member editorial advisory board, providing the 2,608pp work with a seal of quality.

The Work will function as the process counterpart to Robert Cahn and Peter Haasen’s famous reference family, Physical Metallurgy (1996) - which excluded process metallurgy from consideration - and which is currently undergoing a major revision under the editorship of David Laughlin and Kazuhiro Hono (publishing 2014). Nevertheless process and extractive metallurgy are fields within their own right and this work will be of interest to libraries supporting courses in the process area.

Synthesizes the most pertinent contemporary developments within process metallurgy so scientists have authoritative information at their fingertips

Replaces existing articles and monographs with a single complete solution, saving time for busy scientists

Helps metallurgists to predict changes and consequences and create or modify whatever process is deployed



Process metallurgy provides academics with the fundamentals of the manufacturing of metallic materials, from raw materials into finished parts or products.

Coverage is divided into three volumes, entitled Process Fundamentals, encompassing process fundamentals, extractive and refining processes, and metallurgical process phenomena;Processing Phenomena, encompassing ferrous processing; non-ferrous processing; and refractory, reactive and aqueous processing of metals; andIndustrial Processes, encompassing process modeling and computational tools, energy optimization, environmental aspects and industrial design.

The work distils 400+ years combined academic experience from the principal editor and multidisciplinary 14-member editorial advisory board, providing the 2,608-page work with a seal of quality.

The volumes will function as the process counterpart to Robert Cahn and Peter Haasen’s famous reference family,Physical Metallurgy (1996)--which excluded process metallurgy from consideration and which is currently undergoing a major revision under the editorship of David Laughlin and Kazuhiro Hono (publishing 2014). Nevertheless, process and extractive metallurgy are fields within their own right, and this work will be of interest to libraries supporting courses in the process area.

  • Synthesizes the most pertinent contemporary developments within process metallurgy so scientists have authoritative information at their fingertips
  • Replaces existing articles and monographs with a single complete solution, saving time for busy scientists
  • Helps metallurgists to predict changes and consequences and create or modify whatever process is deployed

Papildus informācija

A complete guide for the graduate, researcher or practicing metallurgist working with any aspect of process metallurgy
Preface xvii
Contributors to Volume 1 xxv
Acknowledgement xxvii
1 Process Metallurgy---An Argosy Through Time
1(42)
Seshadri Seetharaman
1.1 Introduction
1(2)
1.2 Alchemy and the Discovery of Metals
3(7)
1.3 Development of Extraction Processes
10(5)
References
13(2)
1.1 Introduction to Metallurgical Processing
15(28)
Peter Hayes
Eugene Jak
1.1.1 Recent Development Trends
15(2)
1.1.2 Process Options
17(7)
1.1.3 Classification of Metallurgical Reactors
24(15)
1.1.4 Summary of General Characteristics of Metallurgical Reactors
39(1)
1.1.5 Reactor and Process Design Methodologies
40(2)
1.1.6 Summary
42(1)
Reference
42(1)
2 Structure and Properties of Matter
43(352)
Yoshio Waseda
Seetharaman Sridhar
2.1 State and Equilibrium
43(2)
2.2 State of Matter
45(1)
2.3 Solid
46(1)
2.4 Liquid
47(1)
2.5 Gas
47(1)
2.6 Glass=Amorphous Solid
47(1)
2.7 Plasma
48(1)
2.8 Phase Transition
48(3)
2.9 Glass Transition
51(1)
2.10 Description of Structural Features of Liquid
52(5)
2.11 Structural Features of Metallic and Oxide Melts
57(4)
References
60(1)
2.1 Structure and Properties of Molten Metals
61(88)
Ivan Egry
2.1.1 Structure
61(25)
2.1.2 Properties
86(52)
2.1.3 Structure-Property Relations and Interproperty Relations
138(4)
2.1.4 Summary
142(1)
References
143(6)
2.2 The Structure and Properties of Silicate Slags
149(138)
Kenneth C. Mills
Miyuki Hayashi
Lijun Wang
Takashi Watanabe
2.2.1 Introduction
150(1)
2.2.2 Structure of Slags and Glasses
151(25)
2.2.3 Effect of Structure on Properties
176(9)
2.2.4 Properties of Slags Based on Silicate Network
185(82)
2.2.5 Summary and Conclusions
267(8)
Appendix Thermodynamic Properties of Slags
275(1)
Nomenclature of Appendix
275(1)
A.1 Pertinent Properties
276(1)
A.2 Bonding, Electronegativity, and Ideal Ionic Solution
276(1)
A.3 Nonideal Solutions Structural Models for Limited Degree of Polymerization
277(2)
A.4 Nonideal Solutions Structural Models for Higher Degree of Polymerization
279(1)
References
279(8)
2.3 Atomistic Simulations of Properties and Phenomena at High Temperatures
287(108)
Rita Khanna
Veena Sahajwalla
2.3.1 Introduction
287(1)
2.3.2 Atomistic Computer Simulation Techniques
288(11)
2.3.3 Special Techniques and Advanced Algorithms
299(8)
2.3.4 Determination of Physical Properties
307(10)
2.3.5 Atomistic Interaction Potentials
317(23)
2.3.6 Properties and Phenomena at High Temperatures: Computer Simulations and Other Results
340(43)
2.3.7 Concluding Remarks
383(1)
References
384(11)
3 Thermodynamic Aspects of Process Metallurgy
395(262)
Kazuki Morita
Nobuo Sano
Seshadri Seetharaman
3.1 First, Second, and Third Laws of Thermochemistry
399(96)
Late Masanori Iwase
3.1.1 Thermodynamic Data Compilations
399(1)
3.1.2 Ideal Gas
399(1)
3.1.3 The First Law of Thermodynamics
399(1)
3.1.4 Enthalpy and Heat Capacity
400(11)
3.1.5 The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics and Entropy
411(2)
3.1.6 Gibbs Energy
413(2)
3.1.7 Combined Statement of the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics
415(4)
3.1.8 Changes in Gibbs Energy, Enthalpy, and Entropy Due to Reaction
419(2)
3.1.9 Gibbs Energy Function
421(2)
Appendix
423(69)
References
492(3)
3.2 Phase Rule
495(12)
Late Masanori Iwase
3.2.1 Intensive and Extensive Properties
495(1)
3.2.2 Degree of Freedom
495(1)
3.2.3 Phase
496(1)
3.2.4 System
496(1)
3.2.5 Condensed Phase-Vapor Equilibrium
496(1)
3.2.6 Arbitrary Choice of System
497(1)
3.2.7 Clapeyron Equation---Liquid Vapor Equilibrium
498(1)
3.2.8 Temperature Dependence of Vapor Pressure
499(1)
3.2.9 Solid-Liquid Equilibrium
500(1)
3.2.10 Triple Point
501(1)
3.2.11 Arbitrary Choice of System---Ionic Species
502(1)
3.2.12 Critical Temperature and Pressure
502(1)
3.2.13 Freedom Degree and Thermochemical Data---1
502(2)
3.2.14 Freedom Degree and Thermochemical Data---2
504(1)
3.2.15 Single-Phase Composition and Bulk Composition
504(1)
3.2.16 Composition of Industrial Slag
505(1)
References
506(1)
3.3 Ellingham Diagram
507(10)
Masakatsu Hasegawa
3.3.1 Standard Gibbs Energy Change of Formation of Compounds
507(4)
3.3.2 Equilibrium Oxygen Partial Pressure
511(1)
3.3.3 Equilibrium CO/CO2 Ratio and the Boudouard Reaction
512(3)
3.3.4 Influence of Activity of Condensed Phases on Gibbs Energy Change
515(1)
References
516(1)
3.4 Solution Thermochemistry
517(10)
Takahiro Miki
3.4.1 Partial Molar Quantities
517(1)
3.4.2 Integral Molar Quantities
518(1)
3.4.3 Relationship Between Partial Molar Quantities and Integral Molar Quantities
519(1)
3.4.4 Relative Partial Molar Quantities and Integral Molar Quantities
520(1)
3.4.5 Raoult's Law and Ideal Solutions
521(1)
3.4.6 Excess Thermodynamic Quantities
522(1)
3.4.7 Integration of the Gibbs-Duhem Equation
523(1)
3.4.8 Regular Solutions
523(1)
3.4.9 Darken's Quadratic Formalism
524(1)
References
525(2)
3.5 Thermodynamic Basis for Phase Diagrams
527(30)
Masakatsu Hasegawa
3.5.1 Gibbs Energy of Binary Solutions
527(3)
3.5.2 Binary Isomorphous System
530(3)
3.5.3 Binary Eutectic System
533(2)
3.5.4 Binary Monotectic and Peritectic Systems
535(4)
3.5.5 Binary System Including an Intermediate Compound
539(1)
3.5.6 Consistency of Phase Diagram and Thermochemical Data of the Binary System CaO-SiO2
539(7)
3.5.7 Ternary Phase Diagram
546(10)
References
556(1)
3.6 Dilute Solutions
557(30)
Takahiro Miki
3.6.1 Henry's Law and Sieverts' Law
557(1)
3.6.2 Henrian Activities and the Conversion of Standard States
558(2)
3.6.3 Description of Activities of Minor Solute Elements in Metallic Solution (Wagner's Equation)
560(2)
3.6.4 Examples for the Calculation of Henrian Activities
562(1)
3.6.5 Data Compilations for Dilute Liquid Alloys
563(22)
References
585(2)
3.7 Thermodynamics of Slags
587(30)
Kazuki Morita
3.7.1 Phase Diagrams and Activities
587(5)
3.7.2 Basicity and Refining Ability of Slags
592(15)
3.7.3 Structure and Thermochemical Models for Slags
607(4)
3.7.4 Oxidation--Reduction Equilibrium in Slags
611(3)
References
614(3)
3.8 Examples of Steelmaking Thermochemistry
617(24)
Hideki Ono
Takahiro Miki
Masakatsu Hasegawa
3.8.1 Fundamental Considerations Pertaining to Removal of Impurities from Molten Steel
617(2)
3.8.2 Effect of Solute Elements on Silicon Deoxidation of Ferrous Alloys
619(3)
3.8.3 Thermodynamics of Calcium Treatment of Al-Killed Steel
622(4)
3.8.4 Equilibrium Between Solid Oxides and Highly Alloyed Steels
626(3)
3.8.5 Thermodynamics of Calcium Treatment of Molten Iron
629(4)
3.8.6 Chemical Potential Control by Gas Equilibria
633(5)
References
638(3)
3.9 Thermodynamics of Aqueous Phases
641(12)
Tetsuji Hirato
3.9.1 Chemical Potentials and Electrochemical Potentials
641(1)
3.9.2 Activity and Activity Coefficients
642(1)
3.9.3 Mean Activity Coefficients
642(1)
3.9.4 The Debye--Huckel Law
643(1)
3.9.5 Chemical Equilibrium and Gibbs Energy of Formation of Ions
644(2)
3.9.6 Chemical Equilibrium in Aqueous Solutions
646(3)
3.9.7 Potential-pH Diagrams (Pourbaix Diagrams)
649(3)
References
652(1)
3.10 Thermodynamic Basis of Electrolysis and Electrochemistry
653(4)
Tetsuji Hirato
3.10.1 Zinc Electrowinning
653(1)
3.10.2 Copper Electrowinning
653(1)
3.10.3 Copper Electrorefining
654(1)
3.10.4 Electrochemistry in Leaching
654(2)
References
656(1)
4 Transport Phenomena and Kinetics in Process Metallurgy
657(286)
Peter Hayes
4.1 Rate Phenomena in Process Metallurgy
658(159)
Viswanathan N. Nurni
Bharath N. Ballal
4.1.1 Introduction
661(7)
4.1.2 Momentum Transfer
668(1)
4.1.3 Flow Description
669(3)
4.1.4 Overall Energy Balance
672(8)
4.1.5 The Concept of Viscosity
680(3)
4.1.6 Steady-State Fully Developed Laminar Flow Through a Straight Pipe
683(4)
4.1.7 Buckingham II Theorem and Its Application to Transport Phenomena
687(2)
4.1.8 Reynolds Number
689(1)
4.1.9 Friction Factor for Flow Through Pipes
690(8)
4.1.10 Flow Through Packed Beds
698(8)
4.1.11 Fluidized Beds
706(4)
4.1.12 Flow Around Particles
710(5)
4.1.13 Compressible Flow
715(6)
4.1.14 Momentum Balance at Differential Scale
721(7)
4.1.15 Models of Turbulence
728(8)
4.1.16 Introduction to Heat Transfer
736(1)
4.1.17 Conservation Equation as Applied to Thermal Systems
737(1)
4.1.18 Conduction
738(25)
4.1.19 Convection
763(22)
4.1.20 Radiation
785(16)
4.1.21 Mass Transfer
801(13)
References
814(3)
4.2 Reaction Kinetics
817(14)
Peter Hayes
4.2.1 Reaction Kinetics and Reaction Systems
818(4)
4.2.2 Reaction Rates and Rate-Limiting Processes
822(6)
4.2.3 Structure of the
Chapter
828(1)
References
828(3)
4.3 Chemical Reaction Kinetics
831(22)
Peter Hayes
4.3.1 Chemical Kinetics
831(7)
4.3.2 Electrochemical Reactions
838(13)
4.3.3 Reversible Processes
851(1)
References
852(1)
4.4 Chemical Reactions at Moving Surfaces: Shape Change, No Phase Change
853(22)
Peter Hayes
4.4.1 Reaction Rates on Fluid/Condensed Phases Interfaces
853(6)
4.4.2 Chemical Reactions on Moving Solid Surfaces
859(6)
4.4.3 Reactions with Accumulation at the Interface
865(8)
4.4.4 Summary
873(1)
References
873(2)
4.5 Phase Formation Reactions
875(16)
Peter Hayes
4.5.1 Classes of Phase Formation Reactions
875(1)
4.5.2 Elementary Reaction Processes
876(7)
4.5.3 Mechanisms of Growth
883(5)
4.5.4 Summary
888(1)
References
889(2)
4.6 Chemical Kinetics+Phase Changes+Shape Changes
891(28)
Peter Hayes
4.6.1 Introduction
891(7)
4.6.2 Metal Growth Morphologies
898(10)
4.6.3 Morphology Maps
908(4)
4.6.4 Summary
912(5)
References
917(2)
4.7 Factors Influencing Reaction Area
919(20)
Peter Hayes
4.7.1 Introduction
919(1)
4.7.2 Reactant Characteristics
920(6)
4.7.3 Reaction Induced Phenomena
926(3)
4.7.4 Reaction Time/Extent
929(7)
4.7.5 Summary
936(1)
References
936(3)
4.8 Reaction System Performance
939(4)
Peter Hayes
4.8.1 Driving Forces for Reaction
939(1)
4.8.2 Reaction Engineering and Process Models
939(3)
4.8.3 Summary
942(1)
References
942(1)
Index 943
Seshadri Seetharaman is Professor Emeritus at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. Professor Seetharaman has more than 320 publications in peer-reviewed journals, 130 conference presentations and 10 patents. He is the editor for the books, "Fundamentals of Metallurgy" and "Treatise on Process Metallurgy". He received the Presidents award for teaching merits in 1994. He was nominated as the best teacher in Materials Science eight times and was chosen as the best teacher of the Royal Inst. of Technol. In 2004. He has been visiting professor at Kyushu Inst. Technol., Kyoto university, Japan and TU-Bergakademie, Freiberg, Germany. He was awarded the Brimacomb prize for the year 2010 Hon. Doctor at Aalto University, Finland in 2011 and Hon. Professor at the Ukrainian Metallurgical Academy, 2011. Prof. Seetharaman is an Hon. Member of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, 2011, He has been honoured as the Distinguished Alumni of the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India in the year 2013. He is currently a visiting professor at TATA Steel, Jamshedpur, India
Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām
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