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E-grāmata: Tropical Fruit Tree Diversity: Good practices for in situ and on-farm conservation

Edited by , Edited by (Bioversity International, New Delhi, India), Edited by , Edited by
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Farmers have developed a range of agricultural practices to sustainably use and maintain a wide diversity of crop species in many parts of the world. This book documents good practices innovated by farmers and collects key reviews on good practices from global experts, not only from the case study countries but also from Brazil, China and other parts of Asia and Latin America.

A good practice for diversity is defined as a system, organization or process that, over time and space, maintains, enhances and creates crop genetic diversity, and ensures its availability to and from farmers and other users. Drawing on experiences from a UNEP-GEF project on "Conservation and Sustainable Use of Wild and Cultivated Tropical Fruit Tree Diversity for Promoting Livelihoods, Food Security and Ecosystem Services", with case studies from India, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand, the authors show how methods for identifying good practices are still evolving and challenges in scaling-up remain. They identify key principles effective as a strategy for mainstreaming good practice into development efforts. Few books draw principles and lessons learned from good practices. This book fills this gap by combining good practices from the research project on tropical fruit trees with chapters from external experts to broaden its scope and relevance.

Recenzijas

"What is needed today is to understand and implement different and innovative approaches far different from the conventional green revolution type of crop improvement. This book shows the way to make this a reality. It demonstrates how to integrate the innovation of smallholder farmers into large-scale research for development by selecting farmers' best fruit varieties, employing locally developed good practices and restoring degraded lands with diverse fruit species that at the same time sustainably improve the diets of the poor." From the foreword by Ann Tutwiler, Director General, Bioversity International

List of illustrations
xi
List of contributors
xix
List of abbreviations and acronyms
xxxi
List of species
xxxv
Acknowledgements xxxvii
Foreword xl
Preface xlii
PART 1 Setting context
1(80)
1 On-farm and in situ conservation of tropical fruit tree diversity: context and conceptual framework
3(20)
Bhuwon Sthapit
Hugo A.H. Lamers
V. Ramanatha Rao
Arwen Bailey
Percy Sajise
Paul Quek
2 Key concepts
23(8)
Bhuwon Sthapit
V. Ramanatha Rao
Hugo A.H. Lamers
3 Community Biodiversity Management as an approach for realizing on-farm management of agricultural biodiversity
31(36)
Bhuwon Sthapit
Hugo A.H. Lamers
V. Ramanatha Rao
Arwen Bailey
4 Custodians of tropical fruit tree diversity: identifying and strengthening the roles and rights of custodian farmers
67(14)
Bhuwon Sthapit
Hugo A.H. Lamers
V. Ramanatha Rao
PART 2 Good practices of agricultural biodiversity management and sustainable use
81(80)
5 Good practices for conservation and sustainable use of crop wild relatives of tropical fruit tree diversity
83(13)
Danny Hunter
Suchitra Changtragoon
6 Exotic and indigenous fruit tree diversity on farm and the conservation of tree genetic resources: case studies from sub-Saharan Africa
96(10)
Katja Kehlenbeck
Martin Wiehle
Anne Sennhenn
Jens Gebauer
7 Promoting community management of underutilized tropical and subtropical fruit genetic resources in Brazil
106(6)
Josue Francisco Da Silva Junior
Dalva Maria Da Mota
Rosa Lia Barbieri
Adriana Alercia
8 Good practice: using intraspecific crop diversity to manage pests and pathogens in China
112(15)
Keyu Bai
Huaxian Peng
Jie Wu
Yayun Yang
Enlai Zhang
Luyuan Dai
Chunmin Lu
Yunyue Wang
Jie Yuan
Chunmin Long
Paola De Santis
Devra I. Jarvis
9 Kandyan home gardens: a time-tested good practice from Sri Lanka for conserving tropical fruit tree diversity
127(20)
D.K.N.G. Pushpakumara
H.M.S. Heenkenda
B. Marambe
R.H.G. Ranil
B.V.R. Punyawardena
J. Weerahewa
G.L.L.P. Silva
Danny Hunter
J. Rizvi
10 Amazonian fruits: how farmers nurture nutritional diversity on farm and in the forest
147(14)
Patricia Shanley
Charles R. Clement
Jose Edmar Urano De Carvalho
Alfredo Kingo Oyama Homma
Antonio Jose Elias Amorim De Menezes
PART 3 Case studies of the project `Conservation and Sustainable Use of Tropical Fruit Tree Diversity' from South and Southeast Asia
161(204)
Case studies: Propagation and planting materials
163(2)
11 A suite of propagation and management techniques for Garcinia in the central Western Ghats region of Karnataka, India
165(7)
Vasudeva R.B.M.C. Reddy
Bhuwon Sthapit
12 A set of interconnected practices which enhance and conserve mango diversity in Malihabad, India
172(12)
Shailendra Rajan
Hugo A.H. Lamers
Barsati Lal
13 Maintenance of mother blocks of Citrus rootstocks by farmers and nurseries for production of high-quality planting materials
184(7)
Indra Pal Singh
14 Marcotting as a good practice for maintaining diversity of Citrus in swampy lands of South Kalimantan, Indonesia
191(8)
Achmad Rafieq
Muhammad Sabran
Susi Lesmayati
M. Winarno
Idha Widi Arsanti
15 Combination of side-grafting technique and informal germplasm exchange system in non-irrigated mango orchards in Thailand
199(6)
Pichit Sripinta
Supattanakit Posawang
Chatchanok Noppornphan
Songpol Somsri
Bhuwon Sthapit
16 Propagation and pruning techniques of Garcinia atroviridis (asam gelugor) in Bukit Gantang, Perak, Malaysia
205(12)
Zahimi Hassan
Norhayati Md Haron
Mohd Nizam Abdullah
Muhammad Shafie Md Sah
Salma Idris
Hugo A.H. Lamers
Bhuwon Sthapit
Case studies: Production and crop management
215(2)
17 The role of a traditional festival, Chhath Puja, in the conservation and sustainable use of tropical fruits
217(9)
Awtar Singh
Vishal Nath
Sanjay Kumar Singh
Bhuwon Sthapit
B.M.C. Reddy
18 Multivarietal orchards: an age-old conservation practice in mango
226(11)
T.M. Gajanana
M.R. Dinesh
Sudha Mysore
C. Vasugi
Bhuwon Sthapit
Hugo A.H. Lamers
B.M.C. Reddy
V. Ramanatha Rao
V. Dakshinamoorthy
19 Integrated home gardens for maintaining mango and citrus diversity and for family well-being in East Java
237(10)
Kuntoro Boga Andri
Putu Bagus Daroini
M. Winarno
Prama Yufdy
Nono Sutrisno
Idha Widi Arsanti
20 Management of Garcinia fusca for sustainable use
247(7)
Tawatchai Nimkingrat
Ratchanee Siriyan
Auttapon Rukkaphan
Margaret C. Yoovatana
Songpol Somsri
21 Production and management of an underutilized fruit: aroi aroi (Garcinia forbesii King) in home gardens and orchards
254(9)
William W.W. Wong
Jamaluddin Lani
Hugo A.H. Lamers
Case studies: Linking farmers with markets (commercialization that supports diversity maintenance and livelihoods of the poor)
261(2)
22 How can markets contribute to the conservation of agricultural biodiversity on farms? From theory to practice
263(22)
Hugo A.H. Lamers
Froukje Kruijssen
Bhuwon Sthapit
V. Ramanatha Rao
23 Agrotourism in Kampung Kakeng, Serian: development and challenges
285(4)
Pearlycia Brooke
Salma Idris
Rateng Girid
Lau Cheng Yuon
Muhammad Shafie Md Sah
Hugo A.H. Lamers
24 Conserving tropical fruit tree diversity by using their products and promoting agrotourism: lessons from an empowered community in southern Thailand
289(21)
Montree Issarakraisila
Margaret C. Yoovatana
Songpol Somsri
25 Value addition of a local food using Garcinia cowa leaves through collective action and marketing by a women's group
310(10)
Samroeng Changprasert
Sombat Tongtao
Chatchanok Noppornphan
Songpol Somsri
26 Value creation for Garcinia gummi-gutta and Garcinia indica through energy-efficient dryers and product differentiation in the central Western Ghats region of Karnataka, India
320(11)
Vasudeva R. Narasimha Hegde
B.M.C. Reddy
Bhuwon Sthapit
Case studies: Working with communities and multi-stakeholder partners
329(2)
27 Community forests: utilization and informal regulation for tropical fruit tree conservation
331(11)
Adhitya Marendra Kiloes
Kuntoro Boga Andri
Achmad Rafieq
M. Winarno
Idha Widi Arsanti
Zahirotul Hikmah Hassan
28 An informal network of grafting experts to help communities conserve and use wild pickle mango (Mangifera indica) diversity in the central Western Ghats region of Karnataka, India
342(7)
Vasudeva R. Narasimha Hegde
B.M.C. Reddy
Bhuwon Sthapit
29 Social capital building for tropical fruit tree diversity management
349(16)
M.P. Vasimalai
M. Palanisamy
M. Kiran Kumar
PART 4 A way forward
365(12)
30 Reflections on the challenges of good practice identification, documentation, piloting and mainstreaming
367(10)
Bhuwon Sthapit
Hugo A.H. Lamers
V. Ramanatha Rao
Index 377
Bhuwon Sthapit is an in situ conservation specialist at Bioversity International based in Pokhara, Nepal. 



Hugo A.H. Lamers is an associate scientist at Bioversity International based in New Delhi, India. 



V. Ramanatha Rao has worked in plant genetic resources at ICRISAT (Hyderabad, India) and at Bioversity International (Italy, Singapore and Malaysia). 



Arwen Bailey is Science Editor at Bioversity International based in Rome, Italy.