|
|
xiii | |
|
|
xix | |
Preface |
|
xxi | |
Acknowledgments |
|
xxiii | |
|
1 Ferrites and Ferroelectrics |
|
|
1 | (14) |
|
1.1 Tunable Electromagnetic Materials |
|
|
1 | (1) |
|
1.2 Overview of the Evolution of Ferrites |
|
|
2 | (1) |
|
|
3 | (4) |
|
1.3.1 Bulk Ferroelectrics |
|
|
3 | (1) |
|
1.3.2 Thin Film Ferroelectrics |
|
|
4 | (3) |
|
1.4 Ferrite-Ferroelectric Films |
|
|
7 | (1) |
|
1.5 Tunable Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSSs) |
|
|
8 | (1) |
|
|
9 | (6) |
|
2 Tunable Materials-Characteristics and Constitutive Parameters |
|
|
15 | (58) |
|
|
15 | (2) |
|
|
17 | (8) |
|
2.2.1 Historical Evolution |
|
|
17 | (1) |
|
2.2.2 Unique Ferrite Features |
|
|
17 | (1) |
|
2.2.3 Integration of Microwave Magnetic |
|
|
17 | (1) |
|
2.2.4 Basic Properties of Magnetic Materials |
|
|
18 | (1) |
|
2.2.5 Electron Magnetic Moment--Bohr Magneton |
|
|
19 | (1) |
|
2.2.6 Properties and Types of Magnetic Materials |
|
|
20 | (5) |
|
2.3 Ferrimagnetics: Ferrite Materials and Magnetic Garnets |
|
|
25 | (6) |
|
|
25 | (3) |
|
2.3.2 Hexagonal Ferrites or Hexaferrites-Permanent Magnetic Ferrites |
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
|
28 | (3) |
|
|
31 | (1) |
|
2.4.1 Garnet Monocrystallized Films |
|
|
31 | (1) |
|
2.4.2 Polycrystalline Ferrite Films |
|
|
32 | (1) |
|
2.5 Ferrite Films and MMIC Combatibility |
|
|
32 | (1) |
|
2.6 Ferrite Constitutive Relations |
|
|
33 | (9) |
|
2.6.1 Magnetization Equations |
|
|
34 | (2) |
|
2.6.2 Permeability Tensor |
|
|
36 | (1) |
|
2.6.3 Axial Magnetization in Cylindrical Coordinates |
|
|
37 | (1) |
|
2.6.4 Circumferential Magnetization in Cylindrical Coordinates |
|
|
38 | (1) |
|
2.6.5 Magnetization at an Arbitrary Direction in Cartesian Coordinates |
|
|
38 | (1) |
|
2.6.6 Permeability Tensor: Taking Losses into Account |
|
|
39 | (3) |
|
2.7 Dielectric Properties of Ferrites |
|
|
42 | (4) |
|
2.7.1 Electronic Polarizability (ae) |
|
|
43 | (1) |
|
2.7.2 Ionic or Atomic Polarizability (or/) |
|
|
43 | (1) |
|
2.7.3 Permanent Dipole Polarizility (aj) |
|
|
44 | (1) |
|
2.7.4 Space Charge Polarizability (as) |
|
|
44 | (1) |
|
|
45 | (1) |
|
2.7.6 Conduction Mechanism in Ferrites and Garnets |
|
|
45 | (1) |
|
|
46 | (1) |
|
2.8 Ferroelctric Properties |
|
|
46 | (1) |
|
2.8.1 Electric Polarization-Permittivity |
|
|
46 | (1) |
|
|
47 | (2) |
|
|
49 | (1) |
|
2.11 Ferroelectric Materials--Perovskites |
|
|
49 | (1) |
|
2.12 The Perovskite Crystal Structure |
|
|
50 | (1) |
|
2.13 Ferroelectricity as a Result of Crystallic Asymmetry |
|
|
51 | (1) |
|
|
52 | (2) |
|
2.15 Quantum or Incipient Ferroelectric |
|
|
54 | (1) |
|
2.16 Perovskite Superlattices |
|
|
55 | (1) |
|
2.17 Conventional Ferroelectrics--Temperature and DC Bias Dependence |
|
|
56 | (1) |
|
2.18 Superconductor Perovskites |
|
|
56 | (2) |
|
2.19 Ferroelectric Layers and Electrode Interfaces |
|
|
58 | (1) |
|
2.20 Hysteresis Loop of Ferroelectrics |
|
|
59 | (1) |
|
2.21 Theory of the Ferroelectric Dielectric Response |
|
|
60 | (2) |
|
2.22 Ferroelectric Tunability |
|
|
62 | (1) |
|
2.23 Ferroelectric Microwave Losses |
|
|
63 | (3) |
|
|
63 | (2) |
|
|
65 | (1) |
|
2.23.3 Losses Due to Charged Defects |
|
|
65 | (1) |
|
2.23.4 Losses of Local Polar Regions |
|
|
65 | (1) |
|
|
66 | (7) |
|
|
73 | (98) |
|
3.1 Demagnitization Factors and Ferrite Samples |
|
|
73 | (4) |
|
3.2 Spin Waves and Magnetostatic Waves |
|
|
77 | (2) |
|
3.3 Low- vs. High-Order Spin Waves |
|
|
79 | (1) |
|
|
80 | (1) |
|
3.5 Spin-Wave Spectrum Manifold |
|
|
80 | (1) |
|
3.6 Exchange-Field Interaction |
|
|
81 | (2) |
|
|
83 | (2) |
|
3.8 Magnetization Equation for Spin Waves |
|
|
85 | (1) |
|
3.9 Spin Waves as Magnons |
|
|
86 | (1) |
|
3.10 Spin Waves in an Infinite Medium |
|
|
87 | (1) |
|
3.11 Spin Waves Including Dipolar Interactions |
|
|
88 | (3) |
|
3.12 Spin-Waves Accounting for Dipole-Dipole Interaction |
|
|
91 | (3) |
|
|
94 | (3) |
|
3.14 Preliminaries to Spin-Wave Excitation |
|
|
97 | (1) |
|
3.15 Spin Waves in a Finite Sample |
|
|
97 | (3) |
|
|
100 | (1) |
|
3.17 Susceptibility and Characteristic Equation-Uniform Mode |
|
|
101 | (1) |
|
3.18 The Magnetostatic Equation of a Uniformly Biased Specimen |
|
|
102 | (3) |
|
3.19 Magnetostatic Modes in an Infinite Medium |
|
|
105 | (1) |
|
3.20 Magnetostatic Manifold |
|
|
106 | (2) |
|
3.21 Magnetostatic Modes of an Infinitely Extending Thin Slab Film |
|
|
108 | (7) |
|
3.21.1 Phase and Group Velocities of MSFVW |
|
|
113 | (2) |
|
3.22 Longitudinally Magnetized Infinitely Extending Thin Slabs |
|
|
115 | (11) |
|
3.22.1 Magnetostatic Volume Modes (1 + X) < 0 |
|
|
121 | (5) |
|
3.23 Magnetostatic Surface Waves (1 + X) < 0 |
|
|
126 | (19) |
|
3.23.1 MSSW Propagating in the y-Direction (kz = 0) |
|
|
127 | (3) |
|
3.23.2 Non-Reciprocal Surface-Wave Modes |
|
|
130 | (2) |
|
3.23.3 Polarization of Magnetostatic Waves |
|
|
132 | (1) |
|
3.23.4 Polarization of MSSW Modes |
|
|
133 | (2) |
|
3.23.5 Graphic Representation of Magnetostatic Waves |
|
|
135 | (2) |
|
3.23.6 Magnetostatic Modes in an Infinite Circular Disk-Perpendicular Magnetization |
|
|
137 | (2) |
|
3.23.7 Finite Ferrite Disks |
|
|
139 | (3) |
|
3.23.8 Finite Cylindrically Symmetric Samples-Rods |
|
|
142 | (3) |
|
3.23.9 Faraday Rotation-Circular Polarization (CP) |
|
|
145 | (1) |
|
3.24 Magnetostatic Waves on Multilayer and Grounded Structures |
|
|
145 | (14) |
|
3.24.1 Grounded Ferrite Slab |
|
|
145 | (3) |
|
3.24.2 Magnetostatic Volume Modes: (1 + X) < 0 |
|
|
148 | (1) |
|
3.24.3 Surface Wave Modes: (1 4- X) > 0 |
|
|
149 | (1) |
|
3.24.4 Surface Waves Propagating Only in the y-Direction (kz -- 0) |
|
|
149 | (2) |
|
3.24.5 Grounded Dielectric-Ferrite Layers |
|
|
151 | (3) |
|
3.24.6 Magnetostatic Volume Modes (1 + X) < 0 |
|
|
154 | (1) |
|
3.24.7 Volume Modes Propagating Only in the r-Direction (kY = 0) |
|
|
154 | (1) |
|
3.24.8 Magnetostatic Surface Modes (1 + X) > 0 |
|
|
154 | (1) |
|
3.24.9 Surface Waves Propagating Only in the y-Direction (kz =0) |
|
|
155 | (1) |
|
3.24.10 Magnetostatic Modes of a Finite Width Slab |
|
|
156 | (1) |
|
3.24.11 Surface Modes of Finite Width Slab (-w/2 < z < w/2) |
|
|
156 | (1) |
|
3.24.12 Volume Modes of a Slab Finite in the r-Dimension |
|
|
157 | (1) |
|
3.24.13 Volume Modes of a Slab Finite in y-Dimension |
|
|
158 | (1) |
|
3.25 Transversely Biased Grounded Dielectric-Ferrite Layers |
|
|
159 | (2) |
|
3.26 Shielded Dielectric-Ferrite Layers |
|
|
161 | (2) |
|
3.26.1 Transversely Magnetized Shielded Dielectric-Ferrite Layers (MSFVW) |
|
|
161 | (2) |
|
3.27 Longitudinally Magnetized Shielded Dielectric Ferrite Layers |
|
|
163 | (2) |
|
3.27.1 Magnetostatic Volume Modes |
|
|
164 | (1) |
|
3.27.2 Magnetostatic Surface Modes (1 + X) > 0 |
|
|
165 | (1) |
|
3.28 Magnetized and Spin Waves in Ferrite Slab with Losses |
|
|
165 | (1) |
|
3.29 Magnetostatic Wave Spectrum in the Presence of Losses |
|
|
166 | (1) |
|
|
166 | (5) |
|
4 Multiferroics: Ferrite-Ferroelectric Composites |
|
|
171 | (8) |
|
|
171 | (1) |
|
4.2 Multiferroic Properties |
|
|
172 | (2) |
|
4.3 Topologies--Connectivity at Two-Phase Composites |
|
|
174 | (2) |
|
4.4 Multiferroics Constitutive Relations |
|
|
176 | (1) |
|
|
177 | (2) |
|
5 Planar Transmission Lines |
|
|
179 | (48) |
|
|
179 | (1) |
|
5.2 Multilayer Microstrip Lines |
|
|
179 | (1) |
|
5.3 Three-Layers Microstrip Line |
|
|
180 | (4) |
|
5.4 Multiple Dielectric Layer Microstrip Line |
|
|
184 | (3) |
|
5.5 Frequency Dispersion of Multilayer Microstrip Lines |
|
|
187 | (1) |
|
5.6 Equivalent Single-Layer Microstrip (SLR) |
|
|
188 | (3) |
|
5.7 Characteristic Impedance vs. Frequency, Zo(f) |
|
|
191 | (1) |
|
|
191 | (1) |
|
5.9 Coplanar Transmission Lines |
|
|
192 | (3) |
|
5.10 Multilayer Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) |
|
|
195 | (3) |
|
5.10.1 Quasi-Static Approximation |
|
|
195 | (3) |
|
5.11 Symmetric Multilayer Coplanar Waveguides (wi = w2 -- w) |
|
|
198 | (2) |
|
|
200 | (1) |
|
5.12 Multilayer CPW with Finite Ground Planes |
|
|
200 | (4) |
|
5.12.1 Characteristic Impedance |
|
|
202 | (2) |
|
5.13 Multilayer Coplanar Strips |
|
|
204 | (1) |
|
5.14 Microstrip Line on a Single Magnetic Substrate |
|
|
204 | (7) |
|
5.15 Microstrip on a Single Anisotropic Dielectric Substrate |
|
|
211 | (4) |
|
5.16 Microstrip Printed on a Weakly Magnetized Ferrite-Dielectric Substrate |
|
|
215 | (5) |
|
5.17 Microstrip Lines on Gyrotropic Substrate |
|
|
220 | (1) |
|
5.18 TEM Duality Principle in Gyrotropic Media |
|
|
221 | (1) |
|
|
222 | (5) |
Authors' Biographies |
|
227 | |