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Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation Systems: Models and Measurements 2007 ed. [Hardback]

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  • Formāts: Hardback, 602 pages, height x width: 235x155 mm, weight: 1087 g, XV, 602 p., 1 Hardback
  • Izdošanas datums: 18-May-2007
  • Izdevniecība: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • ISBN-10: 0387490612
  • ISBN-13: 9780387490618
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Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation Systems: Models and Measurements 2007 ed.Palielināt
  • Formāts: Hardback, 602 pages, height x width: 235x155 mm, weight: 1087 g, XV, 602 p., 1 Hardback
  • Izdošanas datums: 18-May-2007
  • Izdevniecība: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • ISBN-10: 0387490612
  • ISBN-13: 9780387490618
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9780387490618.html
Keywords:
Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation Systems: Models and Measurements provides the latest information and techniques available for ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) inspections. Using a systems level approach, this book employs aspects of Fourier analysis, linear system theory, and wave propagation and scattering theory to develop a comprehensive model of an entire ultrasonic measurement system. The book also describes in detail the measurements needed to obtain all the system model parameters. This integrated approach leads to a new model-based engineering technology for designing, using and optimizing ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation inspections. Practicing engineers, teachers, and students alike will learn about the latest developments in NDE technology, including a recently developed pulse-echo method for measuring the sensitivity of an ultrasonic transducer, and the use of Gaussian beam theory in simulating the wave fields generated by ultrasonic transducers. In addition, this unique book incorporates MATLAB examples and exercises which allow readers to conduct simulated inspections and implement the latest modeling technology.Written by recognized experts in NDE research, Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation Systems: Models and Measurements is designed to combine well-developed techniques with the latest advances in technology.

Using a systems level approach, this book employs aspects of linear systems theory and wave propagation and scattering theory to develop a comprehensive model of an entire ultrasonic measurement system. This integrated approach leads to a new model-based engineering technology for designing, using and optimizing ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation inspections. In addition, the book incorporates MATLAB examples and exercises.
1 Introduction
1
1.1 Prologue
1
1.2 Ultrasonic System Modeling — An Overview
2
1.3 Some Remarks on Notation
19
1.4 Organization of the Book
19
1.5 Reference
20
1.6 Suggested Reading
20
2 The Pulser
21
2.1 Characteristics of a Pulser
21
2.2 Measurement of the Circuit Parameters of a Pulser
24
2.3 Pulser Models
31
2.4 References
34
2.5 Exercises
34
3 The Cabling
35
3.1 Cable Modeling
35
3.2 Measurement of the Cabling Transfer Matrix
41
3.3 References
44
3.4 Exercises
44
4 Transmitting Transducer and the Sound Generation Process
47
4.1 Transducer Modeling
47
4.2 Transducer Acoustic Radiation Impedance
54
4.3 Transducer Impedance and Sensitivity
58
4.4 The Sound Generation Process
60
4.5 References
63
4.6 Exercises
63
5 The Acoustic/Elastic Transfer Function and the Sound Reception Process
67
5.1 Wave Processes and Sound Reception
67
5.2 The Blocked Force
69
5.3 The Acoustic/Elastic Transfer Function
71
5.4 The Acoustic Sources and Transducer on Reception
77
5.5 The Cable and the Receiver in the Reception Process
83
5.6 A Complete Reception Process Model
88
5.7 References
93
5.8 Exercises
93
6 Transducer Characterization
95
6.1 Transducer Electrical Impedance
95
6.2 Transducer Sensitivity
98
6.3 Transducer Effective Radius and Focal Length
108
6.4 References
113
6.5 Exercises
114
7 The System Function and Measurement System Models
115
7.1 Direct Measurement of the System Function
115
7.2 System Efficiency Factor
118
7.3 Complete Measurement System Modeling
120
7.4 References
125
7.5 Exercises
125
8 Transducer Sound Radiation
127
8.1 An Immersion Transducer as a Baffled Source
127
8.2 An Angular Plane Wave Spectrum Model
130
8.3 A Rayleigh-Sommerfeld Integral Transducer Model
134
8.4 On-Axis Behavior of a Planar Circular Piston Transducer
137
8.5 The Paraxial Approximation
139
8.6 Far field On-Axis and Off-Axis Behavior
143
8.7 A Spherically Focused Piston Transducer
146
8.8 Wave Field in the Plane at the Geometrical Focus
152
8.9 Radiation of a Focused Transducer through an Interface
153
8.10 Sound Beam in a Solid Generated by a Contact Transducer
154
8.11 Angle Beam Shear Wave Transducer Model
159
8.12 Transducer Beam Radiation through Interfaces
159
8.13 Acoustic/Elastic Transfer Function - Focused Transducer
164
8.14 Acoustic/Elastic Transfer Function - Rectangular Transducer
171
8.15 References
174
8.16 Exercises
174
9 Gaussian Beam Theory and Transducer Modeling
179
9.1 The Paraxial Wave Equation and Gaussian Beams in a Fluid
180
9.2 The Paraxial Wave Equation and Gaussian Beams in a Solid
194
9.3 Transmission/Reflection of a Gaussian Beam at an. Interface
196
9.4 Gaussian Beams and ABCD Matrices
212
9.5 Multi-Gaussian Transducer Beam Modeling
221
9.6 References
230
9.7 Exercises
231
10 Flaw Scattering 235
10.1 The Far-Field Scattering Amplitude
235
10.2 The Kirchhoff Approximation for Volumetric Flaws
241
10.3 The Leading Edge Response of Volumetric Flaws
247
10.4 The Kirchhoff Approximation for Cracks
251
10.5 Validity of the Kirchhoff Approximation
258
10.6 The Kirchhoff Approximation for Side-drilled Holes
268
10.7 The Born Approximation
277
10.8 Separation of Variables Solutions
286
10.9 Other Scattering Models and Methods
293
10.10 References
296
10.11 Exercises
298
11 Ultrasonic Measurement Models 301
11.1 Reciprocity-based Measurement Model
301
11.2 The Thompson-Gray Measurement Model
314
11.3 A Measurement Model for Cylindrical Reflectors
316
11.4 References
319
11.5 Exercises
320
12 Ultrasonic Measurement Modeling with MATLAB 323
12.1 A Summary of the Measurement Models
323
12.2 The Multi-Gaussian Beam Model
327
12.3 Measurement Model Input Parameters
331
12.4 A Multi-Gaussian Beam Model in MATLAB
337
12.5 Ultrasonic Attenuation in the Measurement Model
348
12.6 The System Function
350
12.7 Flaw Scattering Models
353
12.8 The Thompson-Gray Measurement Model
357
12.9 A Large Flaw Measurement Model
373
12.10 A Measurement Model for Cylindrical Reflectors
378
12.11 References
387
13 Applications of Ultrasonic Modeling 389
13.1 Obtaining Flaw Scattering Amplitudes Experimentally
389
13.2 Distance-Amplitude-Correction Transfer Curves
393
13.3 Angle Beam Inspection Models and Applications
404
13.4 Model-Assisted Flaw Identification
425
13.5 Model-Assisted Flaw Sizing
433
13.6 References
437
A Fourier Transforms and the Delta Function 439
A.1 The Fourier Transform and Its Inverse
439
A.2 The Discrete Fourier Transform
447
A.3 The Delta Function
452
A.4 References
454
A.5 Exercises
455
B Impedance Concepts and Equivalent Circuits 459
B.1 Impedance
459
B.2 Th6venin's Theorem
463
B.3 Measurement of Equivalent Sources and Impedances
468
B.4 References
470
B.5 Exercises
470
C Linear System Fundamentals 473
C.1 Two Port Systems
473
C.2 Linear Time-Shift Invariant (LTI) Systems
480
C.3 References
486
C.4 Exercises
486
D Wave Propagation Fundamentals 491
D.1 Waves in a Fluid
491
D.2 Plane Waves in a Fluid
493
D.3 Waves in an Isotropic Elastic Solid
496
D.4 Plane Waves in an Isotropic Elastic Solid
498
D.5 Reflection/Refraction of Plane Waves - Normal Incidence
504
D.6 Reflection/Refraction of Plane Waves - Oblique Incidence
507
D.7 Spherical Waves
522
D.8 Ultrasonic Attenuation
525
D.9 References
529
D.10 Exercises
529
E Waves Used in Nondestructive Evaluation 535
E.1 Shear Waves
535
E.2 Rayleigh Waves
537
E.3 Plate (Lamb) Waves
539
E.4 References
542
F Gaussian Beam Fundamentals 543
F.1 Gaussian Beams and the Paraxial Wave Equation
543
F.2 Quasi-Plane Wave Conditions and the Paraxial Approximation
549
F.3 Transmission/Reflection of a Gaussian Beam
552
F.4 Gaussian Beams at Multiple Interfaces and ABCD Matrices
558
F.5 Multi-Gaussian Beam Modeling
568
F.6 References
570
F.7 Exercises
570
G MATLAB Functions and Scripts 575
G.1 Fourier Analysis Functions
575
G.2 Setup Functions
578
G.3 Ultrasonic Beam Modeling Functions
578
G.4 Flaw Scattering Functions
580
G.5 Ultrasonic Measurement Modeling Functions
581
G.6 Miscellaneous Functions
582
G.7 MATLAB Script Examples
582
G.8 Code Listings of Some Supporting Functions
584
Index 599