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UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: A Commentary [Hardback]

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Edited by , Edited by (Executive Director, Harvard Law School Project on Disability, Visiting Professor, Harvard Law School, and Extraordinary Professor, University of Pretoria Faculty of Law Ce), Edited by (Professor of Law, Brunel and Northwestern (HBKU) Universities)
  • Formāts: Hardback, 1376 pages, height x width x depth: 249x178x61 mm, weight: 1946 g
  • Sērija : Oxford Commentaries on International Law
  • Izdošanas datums: 01-Nov-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0198810660
  • ISBN-13: 9780198810667
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: A CommentaryPalielināt
  • Formāts: Hardback, 1376 pages, height x width x depth: 249x178x61 mm, weight: 1946 g
  • Sērija : Oxford Commentaries on International Law
  • Izdošanas datums: 01-Nov-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0198810660
  • ISBN-13: 9780198810667
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9780198810667.html
Keywords:
This treatise is a detailed article-by-article examination of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). Each article of the CRPD contains a methodical analysis of the preparatory works, followed by an exhaustive examination of the contents of each article based on case law and concluding observations from the CRPD Committee, judgments from national and international courts and tribunals, pertinent UN and other reports, the key literature on the article under review.

The volume features commentary from a broad range of scholars across a variety of disciplines in order to provide a comprehensive study of the legal, psychological, education, sociological, and other aspects of the CPRD. This encyclopaedic commentary on the CRPD effectively covers all the issues arising from international disability law and practice, and will be an ideal resource for all working in the field.
Preface xxxi
Editors' Biographies xxxiii
Contributor Biographies xxxv
Abbreviations xlix
Table of Treaties and International Instruments lix
Table of Cases lxxvii
Tables of Legislation lxxxix
Preamble 1(34)
Janet E. Lord
1 Introduction
3(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
4(31)
2.1 Legal Effect of Preambles under Public International Law
7(1)
2.2 The States Parties to the Present Convention
8(1)
3.1 Paragraph (a)
8(1)
3.2 Paragraph (b)
9(1)
3.3 Paragraph (c)
10(1)
3.4 Paragraph (d)
11(1)
3.5 Paragraph (e)
12(2)
3.6 Paragraph (f)
14(2)
3.7 Paragraph (g)
16(1)
3.8 Paragraph (h)
17(1)
3.9 Paragraph (i)
18(1)
3.10 Paragraph (j)
19(1)
3.11 Paragraph (k)
19(1)
3.12 Paragraph (1)
20(1)
3.13 Paragraph (m)
21(1)
3.14 Paragraph (n)
22(1)
3.15 Paragraph (o)
23(1)
3.16 Paragraph (p)
24(1)
3.17 Paragraph (q)
25(2)
3.18 Paragraph (r)
27(1)
3.19 Paragraph (s)
27(1)
3.20 Paragraph (t)
28(1)
3.21 Paragraph (u)
29(2)
3.22 Paragraph (v)
31(1)
3.23 Paragraph (w)
31(1)
3.24 Paragraph (x)
32(1)
3.25 Paragraph (y)
32(3)
Article 1 Purpose 35(137)
Emily Kakoullis
Yoshikazu Ikehara
1 Introduction
35(4)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
39(133)
2.1 Purpose (Article 1, Paragraph 1)
40(4)
2.2 Description of 'Disability' (Article 1, Paragraph 2)
44(128)
3 Paragraph 1 48
3.1 'The purpose of the present Convention' 48
3.2 'to promote, protect, and ensure' 49
3.3 'full and equal enjoyment of all human rights and fundamental freedoms by all persons with disabilities' 50
3.4 'to promote respect for their inherent dignity' 50
4 Paragraph 2 53
4.1 'Persons with disabilities' 54
4.2 'include those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments' 55
4.3 'which in interaction with various barriers' 57
4.4 'may hinder their full and effective participation in society' 57
4.5 'on an equal basis with others' 58
Article 2 Definitions 63
Anna Nilsson
1 Introduction 64
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires 64
3 'Communication' 68
4 'Language' 69
5 'Discrimination on the basis of disability' 71
5.1 'on the basis of disability' 72
5.2 'which has the purpose or effect of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise' 73
5.3 'on an equal basis with others' 74
5.4 'all human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field' 75
5.5 'all forms of discrimination' 76
6 'Reasonable accommodation' 78
6.1 'necessary and appropriate' 80
6.2 'not imposing a disproportionate or undue burden' 80
7 'Universal design' 82
Article 3 General Principles 84
Sarah Arduin
1 Introduction 84
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires 85
3 Paragraph (a) 90
3.1 'Respect for inherent dignity' 90
3.2 'Individual autonomy' 92
3.3 'Independence of persons' 94
4 Paragraph (b)-Non-discrimination' 94
5 Paragraph (c)-Full and Effective Participation and Inclusion in Society 96
6 Paragraph (d)-Respect for Difference and Acceptance of Persons with Disabilities as Part of Human Diversity and Humanity 99
7 Paragraph (e)-Equality of Opportunity 100
8 Paragraph (f)-Accessibility 101
9 Paragraph (g)-Equality between Men and Women 103
10 Paragraph (h)-Respect for the Evolving Capacities of Children with Disabilities and Respect for the Right of Children with Disabilities to Preserve their Identities 103
Article 4 General Obligations 106
Andrea Broderick
1 Introduction 107
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires 108
3 Paragraph 1 116
3.1 Ensure and Promote the Full Realization of All Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms for All Persons with Disabilities 116
3.2 Without Discrimination of Any Kind on the Basis of Disability 117
4.1 Paragraph 1(a) 119
4.1.1 All Appropriate Legislative, Administrative, and Other Measures 119
4.2 Paragraph 1(b) 120
4.3 Paragraph 1(c) 121
4.4 Paragraph 1(d) 122
4.4.1 Public Authorities and Institutions 122
4.5 Paragraph 1(e) 122
4.6 Paragraph 1(f) 125
4.7 Paragraph 1(g) 127
4.8 Paragraph 1(h) 129
4.9 Paragraph 1(i) 129
4.9.1 'Training of professionals and staff working with persons with disabilities' 129
5 Paragraph 2 131
5.1 Progressive Realization 131
5.2 Maximum of Available Resources 132
6 Paragraph 3 134
7 Paragraph 4 137
7.1 Provisions which are More Conducive to the Realization of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 137
7.2 No Restriction upon or Derogation from 137
8 Paragraph 5: All Parts of Federal States 138
Article 5 Equality and Non-Discrimination 140
Jessica Lynn Corsi
1 Introduction 140
2 Background 142
3 Travaux Preparatoires 147
4 General Framework of Article 5 155
5 Paragraph 1 157
6 Paragraph 2 160
7 Paragraph 3 164
8 Paragraph 4 167
Article 6: Women with Disabilities 171
Roxanne Mykitiuk
Ena Chadha
1 Introduction 171
2 Background 172
2 Background
172(5)
3 Travaux Preparatoires
177(7)
4 Paragraph 1: Multiple Discrimination
184(2)
5 Paragraph 2: Development, Advancement and Empowerment
186(12)
5.1 'exercise and enjoyment of the human rights and fundamental freedoms set out in the present Convention'
188(1)
5.2 Interpretative Guidance
189(16)
5.2.1 Article 16-Violence
189(2)
5.2.2 Article 25-Health
191(2)
5.2.3 Article 28-Standard of Living
193(1)
5.2.4 Article 34 Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
194(1)
5.2.5 Omissions
195(3)
Article 7 Children with Disabilities 198(31)
Ilias Bantekas
1 Introduction
198(1)
2 Background
199(2)
3 Thavaux Preparatoires
201(4)
4 Paragraph 1
205(14)
4.1 A 'child'
205(1)
4.2 'All necessary measures'
206(4)
4.2.1 Keeping Accurate Statistical Data
207(1)
4.2.2 Early Intervention
208(1)
4.2.3 Measures against Stigmatization
209(1)
4.3 'all human rights and fundamental freedoms'
210(8)
4.3.1 Freedom from Violence
211(2)
4.3.2 Abandonment
213(1)
4.3.3 De-Institutionalization
214(2)
4.3.4 Right to Life, Survival, and Development
216(2)
4.4 'on an equal basis with other children'
218(1)
5 Paragraph 2
219(5)
5.1 The Child's 'best interests'
219(3)
5.2 Supported Decision-Making
222(2)
6 Paragraph 3
224(6)
6.1 The Child's 'right to be heard'
224(17)
6.1.1 The Collective Right to Be Heard
226(1)
6.1.2 'due weight in accordance with their age and maturity'
227(1)
6.1.3 'disability and age-appropriate assistance'
227(2)
Article 8 Awareness-Raising 229(29)
Francisco Bariffi
1 Introduction and Background
230(6)
2 Travaux Preparatoires
236(5)
3 Paragraph 1
241(9)
3.1 Duty 'to adopt immediate, effective and appropriate measures'
244(1)
3.2 Paragraph 1(a)
245(1)
3.3 Paragraph 1(b)
246(3)
3.4 Paragraph 1(c)
249(1)
4 Paragraph 2
250(9)
4.1 Paragraph 2(a)
250(3)
4.2 Paragraph 2(b)
253(1)
4.2.1 Examples of Good Practices
254(1)
4.3 Paragraph 2(c)
254(2)
4.3.1 Examples of Good Practices
255(1)
4.4 Paragraph 2(d)
256(6)
4.4.1 Examples of Good Practices
257(1)
Article 9 Accessibility 258(29)
Anna Lawson
1 Introduction
259(3)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
262(6)
2.1 Early Incarnations of Article 9
262(1)
2.2 The Relationship Between Article 9 and Other CRPD Provisions
262(3)
2.3 The Scope and Emphasis of Article 9
265(1)
2.4 Nature of the Obligation
266(2)
3 Paragraph 9(1)
268(13)
3.1 'To enable persons with disabilities to live independently and participate fully in all aspects of life'
268(1)
3.2 'Appropriate Measures to Ensure'
269(4)
3.3 'Access, on an Equal Basis with Others'
273(1)
3.4 'Physical Environment'
274(1)
3.5 'Information and Communications, Including Information and Communications Technologies and Systems'
275(2)
3.6 'Other Facilities and Services Open or Provided to the Public'
277(2)
3.7 'Identification and Elimination of Obstacles and Barriers'
279(1)
3.8 'Accessibility'
279(2)
4 Paragraph 9(2)
281(6)
4.1 Paragraph 9(2)(a)-'Minimum Standards and Guidelines'
281(1)
4.2 Paragraph 9(2)(b)
282(1)
4.3 Paragraph 9(2)(c)-Training for Stakeholders'
283(1)
4.4 Paragraph 9(2)(d)
283(1)
4.5 Paragraph 9(2)(e)
284(1)
4.6 Paragraph 9(2)(f)
284(1)
4.7 Paragraph 9(2)(g)
285(1)
4.8 Paragraph 9(2)(h)
285(2)
Article 10 Right to Life 287(27)
Smitha Nizar
1 Introduction
287(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
288(8)
3 Paragraph 1
296(18)
3.1 'Inherent right to life'
296(3)
3.2 The Right to Life from the Perspective of Equality and Non-Discrimination
299(2)
3.3 Right to Life and Right to Health of Disabled Persons
301(1)
3.4 Right to Life and Quality of Life
302(2)
3.4.1 Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALY) and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY)
302(2)
3.5 Right to Life and Assisted Suicide
304(1)
3.6 Right to Life Versus Pre-Natal Selection and Disability-Selective Abortion
305(6)
3.7 'on an equal basis with others'
311(1)
3.8 Medical Interventions
311(2)
3.8.1 Medical Assistance to End Life by Reason of Disability
312(1)
3.9 Killing Newborn with Disabilities
313(1)
Article 11 Situations of Risk and Humanitarian Emergencies 314(25)
Stephanie Motz
1 Introduction
314(2)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
316(2)
3 Persons with Disabilities in Situations of Risk
318(1)
4 'obligations under international law'
319(8)
4.1 'international humanitarian law'
320(3)
4.2 'international human rights law'
323(4)
5 'take all necessary measures' to Ensure the Protection and Safety of Persons with Disabilities
327(3)
6 'situations of armed conflict, humanitarian emergencies'
330(4)
6.1 'natural disasters'
332(2)
7 Persons at Risk
334(6)
7.1 Refugees, Asylum Seekers, Migrants, and Internally Displaced Persons with Disabilities in Situations of Risk
334(3)
7.2 Women and Girls with Disabilities in Situations of Risk
337(1)
7.3 Children with Disabilities in Situations of Risk
337(2)
Article 12 CRPD Equal Recognition before the Law 339(44)
Lucy Series
Anna Nilsson
Lucy Series
1 Introduction
340(2)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
342(6)
3 Paragraph 1
348(1)
3.1 States Parties Reaffirm that Persons with Disabilities Have the Right to Recognition Everywhere as Persons before the Law
349(1)
4 Paragraph 2
349(14)
4.1 Defining Legal Capacity
349(3)
4.2 Distinguishing Legal Capacity and Mental Capacity
352(2)
4.3 Enjoyment of Legal Capacity 'on an equal basis with others'
354(4)
4.4 Legal Capacity and Criminal Law
358(4)
4.5 Evaluating Equalities and Discrimination Arguments about Legal Capacity
362(1)
5 Paragraph 3
363(5)
5.1 Support for the Exercise of Legal Capacity
364(2)
5.2 Supported Decision-Making
366(2)
6 Paragraph 4
368(5)
6.1 Respect for the Rights, Will, and Preferences of the Person
369(1)
6.2 Conflicts of Interest and Undue Influence
370(1)
6.3 Regular Review by a Competent, Independent, and Impartial Authority or Judicial Body
371(1)
6.4 The Safeguards Shall Be Proportional to the Degree to which Such Measures Affect the Person's Rights and Interests
372(1)
Anna Nilsson
7 Paragraph 5
373(10)
7.1 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
373(1)
7.2 The Equal Right to Own and Inherit Property
374(2)
7.3 The Equal Right to Control One's Financial Affairs
376(4)
7.4 Equal Access to Bank Loans, Mortgages, and Financial Credit
380(3)
Article 13 Access to Justice 383(19)
Eilionoir Flynn
1 Introduction
383(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
384(6)
3 Paragraph 1
390(10)
3.1 'Effective' Access to Justice
390(1)
3.2 'On an equal basis'
391(2)
3.3 'Procedural and age-appropriate accommodations'
393(3)
3.4 Direct and Indirect Participants, Including as Witnesses
396(2)
3.5 All Legal Proceedings, Including at Preliminary Stages
398(2)
4 Paragraph 2
400(2)
Article 14 Liberty and Security of the Person 402(24)
Michael Perlin
Eva Szeli
1 Introduction
402(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
403(3)
3 Paragraph 1(a)
406(2)
4 Paragraph 1(b)
408(10)
4.1 Unlawful and Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
408(3)
4.2 'in conformity with the law'
411(4)
4.3 Therapeutic Jurisprudence
415(3)
5 Paragraph 2
418(8)
5.1 Human Rights Guarantees
422(2)
5.2 Therapeutic Jurisprudence in Paragraph 2
424(2)
Article 15 Protection against Torture and Cruel or Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 426(40)
Phil Fennel
1 Introduction
426(4)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
430(6)
3 Paragraph 1
436(14)
3.1 'Free Consent' and Personal Autonomy
436(6)
3.1.1 Detention on Grounds of Unsoundness of Mind
438(1)
3.1.2 Guardianship on Grounds of Mental Incapacity
438(4)
3.2 Torture
442(7)
3.2.1 Severe Mental or Physical Pain and Suffering
445(1)
3.2.2 Intent: Torture and Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment
446(1)
3.2.3 State Involvement
447(1)
3.2.4 Prohibited Purpose
448(1)
3.3 'Medical or Scientific Experimentation without his or her free consent'
449(1)
4 Paragraph 2
450(17)
4.1 Effective Preventive Measures
450(1)
4.1.1 Psychiatric Drugs Given without Consent
451(1)
4.1.2 Sterilization and Other Reproductive Rights Violations
452(6)
4.1.3 Female Genital Mutilation
458(1)
4.1.4 Surgical Castration
458(1)
4.1.5 Electro Convulsive Therapy (ECT), Unmodified ECT, and Use of ECT on Children
459(1)
4.1.6 Seclusion, Caged Beds, and Other Restraints
460(2)
4.1.7 Oppressive and Coercive Treatment Regimes
462(1)
4.1.8 Failure to Give Adequate Medical Treatment or Pain Relief
463(1)
4.1.9 Conditions of Detention
463(3)
Article 16 Freedom from Exploitation, Violence, and Abuse 466(28)
Amanda Keeling
1 Introduction
467(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
468(11)
2.1 Scope: Types of Harm Included in 'exploitation, violence and abuse'
468(2)
2.2 Torture, Involuntary Treatment, and Informed Consent
470(5)
2.3 Vulnerability of Disabled People and Prevention of Harm
475(4)
3 Paragraph 1
479(5)
3.1 'All appropriate legislative, administrative, social, education and other measures to protect'
479(2)
3.2 'Within and outside the home'
481(1)
3.3 'All forms of exploitation, violence and abuse, including their gender-based aspects'
482(2)
4 Paragraph 2
484(3)
4.1 Preventative Measures, Ensuring 'appropriate gender-and age-sensitive assistance and support'
484(1)
4.2 'Including through the provision of information and education on how to avoid, recognize and report instances'
485(1)
4.3 Ensure that Protection Services Are Age-, Gender-, and Disability-Sensitive
486(1)
5 Paragraph 3
487(3)
5.1 'All facilities and programmes'
487(3)
5.2 'Effectively monitored by independent authorities'
490(1)
6 Paragraph 4
490(2)
6.1 Measures to Promote the Physical, Cognitive, and Psychological Recovery, Rehabilitation, and Social Integration
490(2)
7 Paragraph 5
492(2)
7.1 Effective Legislation and Policies...to Ensure Instances are Identified, Investigated and, where Appropriate, Prosecuted
492(1)
7.2 Including Women-and Children-Focused Legislation and Policies
493(1)
Article 17 Protecting the Integrity of the Person 494(14)
Francesco Seatzu
1 Introduction
494(1)
2 Travaux Preparatoires
495(2)
3 The Right to Personal Integrity in the European Convention on Human Rights
497(1)
4 The Right to Personal Integrity in the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
498(2)
5 The Right to Personal Integrity
500(8)
5.1 Seclusion and Restrain
504(1)
5.2 Forced Sterilization
505(3)
Article 18 Liberty of Movement and Nationality 508(22)
Lawrence Mute
1 Introduction
508(2)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
510(3)
3 Paragraph 1
513(15)
3.1 Chapeau of Paragraph 1
513(7)
3.1.1 'right of persons with disabilities to liberty of movement...freedom to choose their residence and to a nationality'
513(1)
3.1.2 Liberty of Movement and Residence
514(2)
3.1.3 Interlinkages with Other Rights
516(2)
3.1.4 Movement within the Borders of a Country
518(1)
3.1.5 Freedom of Choice of Travel
519(1)
3.2 Paragraph 1(a): Have the Right to Acquire and Change a Nationality and [ to] not [ Be] Deprived of...Nationality Arbitrarily or on the Basis of Disability
520(2)
3.3 Paragraph 1(b)
522(4)
3.4 Paragraph 1(c): Are Free to Leave Any Country, Including Their Own
526(1)
3.5 Paragraph 1(d)
527(1)
4 Paragraph 2
528(2)
Article 19 Living Independently and Being Included in the Community 530(29)
Jdnos Fiala-Butora
Arie Rimmerman
Ayelet Gur
1 Introduction
530(3)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
533(3)
3 Article 19: Chapeau
536(11)
3.1 Measures Appropriate and Effective
536(2)
3.2 De-Institutionalization
538(4)
3.3 The Conjunction of Article 19 with Other CRPD Provisions
542(1)
3.4 The Israeli Panel of Experts Paradigm
543(4)
4 Paragraph (a)
547(5)
5 Paragraph (b)
552(3)
6 Paragraph (c)
555(4)
Article 20 Personal Mobility 559(23)
Lalin Kovudhikulrungsri
Aart Hendriks
1 Introduction
559(2)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
561(6)
2.1 Interrelationship between Article 20 and other CRPD Articles
567(1)
3 Paragraph 1
567(2)
3.1 Effective Measures
568(1)
3.2 Personal Mobility
569(1)
3.3 Greatest Possible Independence
569(1)
4 Paragraph (a)
569(3)
4.1 Affordable Cost
572(1)
5 Paragraph (b)
572(8)
5.1 Quality
572(1)
5.2 Mobility Aids, Devices, Assistive Technologies
573(3)
5.3 Live Assistance
576(2)
5.4 Intermediaries
578(1)
5.5 Affordable Cost
579(1)
6 Paragraph (c)
580(1)
7 Paragraph (d)
581(1)
Article 21 Freedom of Expression and Opinion, and Access to Information 582(22)
Eliza Varney
1 Introduction
582(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
583(3)
3 Paragraph 1 (Chapeau)
586(4)
4 Subparagraph (a)
590(5)
5 Subparagraph (b)
595(1)
6 Subparagraph (c)
596(3)
7 Subparagraph (d)
599(2)
8 Subparagraph (e) 'Recognizing and promoting the use of sign languages'
601(3)
Article 22 Respect for Privacy 604(24)
Molly Land
Anthony Giannoumis
Aga Kitkowska
Maria Mikhaylova
1 Introduction and Background
604(2)
2 Travaux Preparatoires
606(2)
3 Paragraph 1
608(17)
3.1 No Person with Disabilities
609(1)
3.2 Regardless of Place of Residence or Living Arrangement
609(1)
3.3 Arbitrary or Unlawful Interference
610(1)
3.4 Unlawful
610(1)
3.5 Arbitrary
611(1)
3.6 Purpose
612(1)
3.7 Public and Private Action
613(1)
3.8 Privacy, Family, Home, Correspondence, and Communication
613(1)
3.9 Privacy
614(4)
3.10 Family
618(1)
3.11 Home
619(1)
3.12 Correspondence and Communication
619(3)
3.13 Unlawful Attacks on Honour and Reputation of Persons with Disabilities
622(1)
3.14 Right to Protection of Law Against Interference
622(3)
4 Paragraph 2
625(4)
4.1 Protection of Personal, Health, and Rehabilitation Information on an Equal Basis with Others
625(1)
4.2 EU General Data Protection Regulation
626(2)
Article 23 Respect for Home and the Family 628(28)
Jdnos Fiala-Butora
1 Introduction
629(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
630(5)
3 Paragraph 1
635(5)
3.1 Effective and Appropriate Measures to Eliminate Discrimination
635(2)
3.2 All Matters Relating to Marriage, Family, Parenthood, and Relationships
637(2)
3.3 On an Equal Basis with Others
639(1)
4 Paragraph 1(a)
640(2)
5 Paragraph 1(b)
642(2)
6 Paragraph 1(c)
644(1)
7 Paragraph 2
645(4)
8 Paragraph 3
649(2)
9 Paragraph 4
651(3)
10 Paragraph 5
654(2)
Article 24 Education 656(49)
Dimitris Anastasiou
Michael Gregory
James M. Kauffman
1 Introduction and Background
657(9)
2 Travaux Preparatoires
666(4)
3 Paragraph 1 (Chapeau): The Right of Persons with Disabilities to Education
670(4)
4 Paragraph 2
674(22)
4.1 Paragraph 2(a): Non-Exclusion
675(3)
4.2 Paragraph 2(b): Accessibility
678(4)
4.2.1 Access to an Inclusive, Quality, and Free Primary Education and Secondary Education on an Equal Basis
678(3)
4.2.2 On an Equal Basis with Others in the Communities in which They Live
681(1)
4.3 Paragraph 2(c): Reasonable Accommodation
682(3)
4.4 Paragraph 2(d): Individualized Support
685(1)
4.5 Paragraph 2(e): The Educational Environment
686(10)
4.5.1 Full Inclusion
686(3)
4.5.2 Full Inclusion as Totally Supportive Environments
689(1)
4.5.3 Special Education
690(4)
4.5.4 The Right to Choose a School
694(2)
5 Paragraph 3
696(4)
5.1 Accessibility
696(2)
5.2 Environments which Maximize Academic and Social Development for Students with Sensory Disabilities
698(1)
5.3 Appropriate Measures-Facilitating Learning
698(1)
5.4 Narrow View of Appropriate Measures
699(1)
6 Paragraph 4
700(3)
6.1 Appropriate Measures-Teacher Training
700(2)
6.2 Prioritizing Certain Disabilities
702(1)
7 Paragraph 5: Tertiary Education and Life-Long Learning
703(2)
Article 25 Health 705(29)
Penelope Weller
1 Introduction
706(5)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
711(5)
3 Article 25 (Chapeau)
716(3)
3.1 Reasonable Accommodation
717(1)
3.2 Health Services that Are Gender-Sensitive
718(1)
4 Paragraph (a)
719(3)
5 Paragraph (b)
722(1)
6 Paragraph (c)
723(1)
7 Paragraph (d)
724(7)
7.1 Free and Informed Consent
724(3)
7.2 The Interaction between Article 12 and Article 25
727(3)
7.3 Human Rights Training of Health Professionals
730(1)
8 Paragraph (e)
731(1)
9 Paragraph (f)
732(2)
Article 26 Habilitation and Rehabilitation 734(30)
Jerome Bickenbach
Dimitrios Skempes
1 Introduction
734(3)
2 Background
737(2)
3 Travaux Preparatoires
739(6)
4 Paragraph 1 (Chapeau)
745(11)
4.1 'organize, strengthen and extend comprehensive habilitation and rehabilitation services'
750(5)
4.2 'particularly in the areas of health, employment, education and social services'
755(1)
5 Paragraph 1(a)
756(1)
6 Paragraph 1(b)
757(3)
7 Paragraph 2
760(1)
8 Paragraph 3
761(4)
8.1 Women, Children, Older Persons, and Migrants with Disabilities
762(2)
Article 27 Work and Employment 764(37)
Ilias Bantekas
Facundo Pennilas
Stefan Tromel
1 Introduction
765(1)
2 Background
766(2)
3 Travaux Preparatoires
768(3)
4 Paragraph 1: Chapeau
771(28)
4.1 Sub-paragraph 1(a)
773(4)
4.2 Sub-paragraph 1(b)
777(6)
4.2.1 Equal Remuneration for Work of Equal Value
777(2)
4.2.2 Safe and Healthy Working Conditions
779(1)
4.2.3 Equal Opportunity to Be Promoted
780(1)
4.2.4 Rest, Leisure, Working Hours, and Holidays
780(1)
4.2.5 Protection from Harassment
781(1)
4.2.6 Remedies and Redress of Grievances
782(1)
4.3 Sub-paragraph 1(c)
783(1)
4.4 Sub-paragraph 1(d)
784(1)
4.5 Sub-paragraph 1(e)
785(3)
4.5.1 The State Obligation to Counter Exclusion by Promoting Employment
787(1)
4.6 Sub-paragraph 1(f)
788(1)
4.7 Sub-paragraph 1(g)
789(1)
4.8 Sub-paragraph 1(h)
790(3)
4.9 Sub-paragraph 1(i)
793(5)
4.10 Sub-paragraph 1(j)
798(1)
4.11 Sub-paragraph 1(k)
798(1)
5 Paragraph 2
799(2)
Article 28 Adequate Standard of Living and Social Protection 801(33)
Kevin Cremin
1 Introduction
802(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
802(3)
3 Paragraph 1
805(6)
3.1 Adequate Standard of Living
806(1)
3.2 Their Families
806(1)
3.3 Adequate Food, Clothing, and Housing
807(3)
3.4 Continuous Improvement of Living Conditions
810(1)
3.5 Appropriate Steps
810(1)
4 Paragraph 2
811(4)
4.1 Social Protection
812(3)
5 a. To ensure equal access by persons with disabilities to clean water ...
815(5)
5.1 Equal Access
815(1)
5.2 Clean Water Services
816(2)
5.3 Access to Appropriate and Affordable Services, Devices, and Other Assistance for Disability-Related Needs
818(2)
6 b. To ensure access...in particular women and girls with disabilities and older persons with disabilities, to social protection programmes ...
820(5)
6.1 Access
820(1)
6.2 Women and Girls with Disabilities
821(1)
6.3 Older Persons with Disabilities
822(1)
6.4 Social Protection Programmes and Poverty Reduction Programmes
823(2)
7 c. To ensure access...to assistance from the State with disability-related expenses, including adequate training ...
825(5)
7.1 Situations of Poverty
826(2)
7.2 Assistance from the State
828(1)
7.3 Disability-Related Expenses
828(2)
8 d. To ensure access by persons with disabilities to public housing programmes
830(2)
9 e. To ensure equal access by persons with disabilities to retirement benefits and programmes
832(2)
Article 29 Participation in Political and Public Life 834(29)
Ike Grobelaar Du Plessis
Jehoshaphat Njau
1 Introduction
835(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
835(8)
3 Article 29 Chapeau
843(6)
3.1 Exclusions or Restrictions in the Chapeau
845(1)
3.2 Legal Capacity
846(3)
4 Paragraph (a)
849(2)
4.1 Participation
849(1)
4.2 Participate Directly (Right to Vote) or through Representatives (to Be Elected)
850(1)
5 Paragraph (a)(i)
851(3)
5.1 Accessible Voting
851(2)
5.2 Accessibility
853(1)
5.3 Equality in Voting Procedures
854(1)
6 Paragraph (a)(ii)
854(3)
7 Paragraph (a)(iii)
857(3)
7.1 Assistance in Voting
858(1)
7.2 Article 29(a) Exclusion and/or Restrictions to the Right to Vote and Be Elected
859(1)
8 Paragraph (b)
860(2)
8.1 Effective and Fully Participate in the Conduct of Public Affairs
861(1)
9 Paragraph (b)(i) and (ii)
862(1)
Article 30 Participation in Cultural Life, Recreation, Leisure, and Sport 863(61)
Ilias Bantekas
Pok Yin Stephenson Chow
Stavroula Karapapa
Eleni Polymenopoulou
1 General Introduction
864(2)
2 Background
866(1)
3 Travaux Preparatoires
867(5)
Pok Yin Stephenson Chow
4 Paragraph 1
872(12)
4.1 Paragraph 1 (Chapeau)
875(5)
4.1.1 The Right to Take Part in Cultural Life
875(2)
4.1.2 Culture as a 'way of life' and Implications on the 'cultural space'
877(1)
4.1.3 Appropriate Measures to Ensure Access to Culture
878(2)
4.1.4 National Accessibility Plans
880(1)
4.2 Paragraph (1)(a)
880(2)
4.3 Paragraph (1)(b)
882(1)
4.4 Paragraph (1)(c)
883(1)
5 Paragraph 2
884(4)
5.5.1 To Develop and Utilize One's Creative, Artistic, and Intellectual Potential
884(1)
5.5.2 Eliminating Social Barriers and Promoting an Inclusive Society
885(1)
5.5.3 Providing Equal Opportunities in the Field of Culture
886(2)
Stavroula Karapapa
6 Paragraph 3
888(9)
6.1 The Debates on Intellectual Property in the Travaux
888(2)
6.2 'all appropriate steps'
890(3)
6.3 'in accordance with international law'
893(2)
6.4 Laws Protecting Intellectual Property Rights
895(2)
6.5 'unreasonable or discriminatory barrier to access cultural materials'
897(1)
Eleni Polymenopoulou
7 Paragraph 4
897(12)
7.1 'Cultural identity'
897(7)
7.1.1 Meaning and Scope
897(4)
7.1.2 States' Obligations ('recognition and support')
901(2)
7.1.3 Interpretation and Practice under the CRPD
903(1)
7.2 Sign Languages
904(2)
7.3 Deaf Culture
906(1)
7.4 Linguistic Identity
907(2)
7.4.1 Meaning and Scope
907(1)
7.4.2 States Obligations ('recognition and support')
907(1)
7.4.3 Interpretation and CRPD-Related Practice
908(1)
Ilias Bantekas
8 Paragraph 5
909(16)
8.1 Chapeau
909(4)
8.1.1 'enabling participation in sport, leisure and recreation'
909(1)
8.1.2 'leisure and recreation'
910(2)
8.1.3 'sporting activities'
912(1)
8.2 Paragraph 5(a)
913(2)
8.2.1 'mainstreaming'
914(1)
8.3 Paragraph 5(b)
915(1)
8.3.1 'organise, develop and participate'
915(1)
8.3.2 'appropriate instruction, training and resources'
916(1)
8.4 Paragraph 5(c)
916(3)
8.4.1 Accessible Tourism
917(2)
8.5 Paragraph 5(d)
919(2)
8.6 Paragraph 5(e)
921(3)
Article 31 Statistics and Data Collection 924(31)
Mads Pedersen
Federico Ferretti
Mads Pedersen
1 Introduction
925(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
925(4)
3 Paragraph 1
929(6)
3.1 'Undertake to collect'
929(2)
3.2 'Appropriate information'
931(2)
3.3 'Give effect' to the CRPD
933(2)
Federico Ferretti
4 Paragraph 1(a)
935(9)
4.1 Legally Established Safeguards
936(2)
4.2 Data Protection
938(6)
Mads Pedersen
5 Paragraph 1(b): 'internationally accepted norms'
944(1)
6 Paragraph 2
944(5)
6.1 'disaggregated'
944(4)
6.2 'access the implementation'
948(1)
7 Paragraph 3
949(6)
7.1 'Dissemination and Accessibility'
949(1)
7.2 Indicators as a Tool to Implement and Monitor the CRPD
949(6)
Article 32 International Cooperation 955(23)
Janet E. Lord
Michael Ashley Stein
1 Introduction and Background
955(3)
2 Travaux Preparatoires
958(5)
3 Paragraph 1: Chapeau
963(8)
3.1 '[ s]uch measures could include, inter alia'
965(1)
3.2 Paragraph 1(a)
965(2)
3.3 Paragraph 1(b)
967(3)
3.4 Paragraph 1(c)
970(1)
3.5 Paragraph 1(d)
971(1)
4 Paragraph 2
971(8)
4.1 The Interpretive Arc of Article 32
974(1)
4.2 CRPD Committee Practice in Overseeing the Implementation of Article 32
975(1)
4.3 Whither Disability Inclusion as a Necessary Element of Sustainable Development?
976(2)
Article 33 National Implementation and Monitoring 978(34)
Vincent Aichele
1 Introduction
979(3)
2 Background and Interpretative Approach
982(3)
3 Travaux Preparatoires
985(2)
4 Paragraph 1
987(4)
4.1 'shall designate one or more focal points within government'
987(1)
4.2 'one or more'
988(1)
4.3 'a coordination mechanism within government'
989(1)
4.4 'shall give due consideration'
990(1)
5 Paragraph 2
991(16)
5.1 'the principles relating to the status and functioning of national institutions for protection and promotion of human rights'
992(1)
5.2 'shall take into account'
993(2)
5.3 'maintain, strengthen, designate or establish within the State Party, a framework'
995(1)
5.4 Independence
996(2)
5.4.1 Independence of the 'mechanism'
996(2)
5.4.2 Degree of Independence of Other Framework Components
998(1)
5.5 Persons with Disabilities as Framework Agents
998(1)
5.6 Monitoring
999(1)
5.7 Fact-Finding and Indicators
1000(1)
5.8 Adequately Resourced
1001(1)
5.9 The Potential Role of National Human Rights Institutions
1002(4)
5.9.1 Monitoring Function: An Important Addition to the NHRI Mandate
1005(1)
5.9.2 Further Resources
1006(1)
5.9.3 The Actual Experience by NHRIs
1006(1)
5.10 Cooperation between the Framework and the CRPD Committee
1006(1)
6 Paragraph 3
1007(6)
6.1 Scope
1007(1)
6.2 Views of the CRPD Committee
1008(1)
6.3 'in the monitoring process'
1008(1)
6.4 'civil society'
1009(1)
6.5 'in particular persons with disabilities and their representative organizations'
1009(1)
6.6 Participation in the Monitoring Framework: Institutional Solutions
1009(1)
6.7 Implementation by the European Union (Sentences 1-3)
1010(2)
Article 34 Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 1012(26)
Katherine Guernsey
1 Introduction
1013(3)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
1016(8)
3 Paragraph 1
1024(1)
4 Paragraph 2
1024(1)
5 Paragraph 3
1025(2)
5.1 'when nominating their candidates, States Parties ...'
1027(1)
6 Paragraph 4
1027(4)
6.1 'equitable geographic distribution'
1028(1)
6.2 'balanced gender representation'
1029(1)
6.3 'participation of experts with disabilities'
1030(1)
7 Paragraph 5
1031(1)
8 Paragraph 6
1032(1)
9 Paragraph 7
1033(1)
10 Paragraph 8
1033(1)
11 Paragraph 9
1033(1)
12 Paragraph 10
1034(1)
13 Paragraph 11
1035(1)
14 Paragraph 12
1036(1)
15 Paragraph 13
1036(2)
Article 35 Reports by States Parties 1038(22)
Arlene Kanter
1 Introduction
1038(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
1039(5)
3 Paragraph 1
1044(3)
3.1 The Requirement of a Country Report within Two Years of Ratification
1044(1)
3.2 The Requirement of a Comprehensive Report
1045(2)
3.2.1 A Comparison of Compliance with Article 35's Reporting Requirements and the Reporting Requirements of Other Treaties
1046(1)
4 Paragraph 2: The Requirement of a Country Report Every Four Years after the Initial Report
1047(1)
5 Paragraph 3
1047(2)
5.1 The CRPD Committee's Guidelines
1047(2)
6 Paragraph 4
1049(5)
6.1 A 'Comprehensive' Report as a Result of an 'Open' and 'transparent process'
1049(3)
6.2 Best Practices Identified in Concluding Observations
1052(1)
6.3 Shadow Reports
1053(1)
7 Paragraph 5: 'Indicate factors and difficulties affecting the degree of fulfilment of obligations under the present Convention by States Parties'
1054(6)
Article 36 Consideration of Reports 1060(24)
Helene Combrinck
1 Introduction
1061(2)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
1063(3)
3 Paragraph 1
1066(12)
3.1 'Each report shall be considered by the Committee'
1066(5)
3.1.1 Constructive Dialogue
1067(1)
3.1.2 List of Issues
1068(1)
3.1.3 Country Rapporteur
1069(1)
3.1.4 Simplified Reporting Procedure
1069(2)
3.2 'which shall make such suggestions and general recommendations on the report as it may consider appropriate'
1071(6)
3.2.1 Concluding Observations
1072(2)
3.2.2 Follow-up to Concluding Observations
1074(2)
3.2.3 Early Awareness and Urgent Action Procedures
1076(1)
3.3 'shall forward these to the State Party concerned'
1077(1)
3.4 'The State Party may respond with any information it chooses to the Committee'
1078(1)
4 Paragraph (2)
1078(2)
4.1 'If a State Party is significantly overdue in the submission of a report'
1079(1)
4.2 'reliable information'
1080(1)
5 Paragraph (3)
1080(1)
6 Paragraph (4)
1081(1)
7 Paragraph (5)
1082(2)
7.1 'to the appropriate specialised agencies, funds and programmes of the United Nations'
1082(1)
7.2 'and other competent bodies'
1083(1)
7.3 'request or indication of a need'
1083(1)
7.4 'technical advice or assistance'
1083(1)
7.5 'along with the Committee's observations and recommendations, if any'
1083(1)
Article 37 Cooperation between States Parties and the Committee 1084(21)
Kris Gledhill
1 Introduction
1084(1)
2 Background, Context, and Travaux Preparatoires
1085(3)
3 Paragraph 1
1088(9)
3.1 The Committee and its Members
1088(1)
3.2 The Mandate
1089(1)
3.3 Cooperation with Reporting
1090(3)
3.4 Cooperation with General Comments
1093(1)
3.5 Cooperation with the Early Awareness and Urgent Action Procedures
1094(1)
3.6 Cooperation with the Communication Process
1095(1)
3.7 Cooperation with the Inquiry Process
1096(1)
4 Paragraph 2
1097(8)
4.1 'The Committee shall give due consideration to...enhancing national capacities'
1098(1)
4.2 Ways and Means
1099(1)
4.3 Enhancing National Capacities for Implementation
1099(2)
4.4 Including through International Cooperation
1101(1)
4.5 Implications in Relation to Reporting
1101(2)
4.6 Implications for the Communication Process
1103(1)
4.7 Implications for the Inquiry Process and the 'early awareness and urgent action procedures'
1104(1)
Article 38 Relationship of the Committee with Other Bodies 1105(14)
Ilias Bantekas
1 Introduction
1105(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
1106(1)
3 Chapeau
1107(1)
4 Paragraph (a)
1108(9)
4.1 Specialized Agencies
1108(2)
4.2 UN Organs
1110(1)
4.3 Other Competent Bodies
1111(2)
4.4 Role and Function of Other Bodies
1113(2)
4.5 'invitation'
1115(1)
4.6 'within the scope of their mandate'
1115(1)
4.7 Submission of Written and Oral Information by NGOs
1116(1)
5 Paragraph (b)
1117(2)
5.1 'shall consult'
1117(2)
Article 39 Report of the Committee 1119(16)
Mary Pat Treuthart
1 Introduction
1119(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
1120(1)
3 Paragraph 1
1121(14)
3.1 Reporting Requirement
1121(3)
3.2 Suggestions and General Recommendations
1124(4)
3.3 Formulation of CRPD General Comments
1128(5)
3.4.1 General Comment No 1 (2014) on Equal Recognition before the Law
1130(1)
3.4.2 General Comment No 2 (2014) on Accessibility
1131(1)
3.4.3 General Comment No 3 (2016) on Women and Girls with Disabilities
1131(1)
3.4.4 General Comment No 4 (2016) on the Right to an Inclusive Education
1132(1)
3.4.5 General Comment No 5 on the Right to Live Independently and Be Included in the Community
1133(1)
3.5 The Inquiry Procedure
1133(2)
Article 40 Conference of States Parties 1135(10)
Ilias Bantekas
1 Introduction
1135(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
1136(2)
3 Paragraph 1
1138(6)
3.1 Legal Personality
1138(1)
3.2 Organization of the Conference
1139(3)
3.2.1 Sources
1139(1)
3.2.2 Organization
1140(2)
3.2.3 Meetings
1142(1)
3.3 Competence of the Conference
1142(2)
4 Paragraph 2
1144(1)
Article 41 The Secretary-General of the United Nations Shall Be the Depositary of the Present Convention 1145(5)
Ilias Bantekas
1 Introduction
1145(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
1145(1)
3 Functions of Depositaries
1146(2)
4 Powers of Depositaries
1148(1)
5 Depositary Notifications
1148(1)
6 The Obligation to Notify the Depositary under Article 44(1) CRPD
1149(1)
Article 42 Signature 1150(6)
Ilias Bantekas
1 Introduction
1150(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
1150(1)
3 'Signature' of a Treaty
1151(2)
3.1 Signature by Regional International Organizations
1152(1)
4 Effect of Signature
1153(1)
5 'all States'
1154(2)
5.1 Indefinite Signature Duration
1155(1)
Article 43 Consent to Be Bound 1156(6)
Ilias Bantekas
1 Introduction
1156(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
1156(1)
3 Ratification, Acceptance, and Approval
1157(1)
4 Definitive Signature
1158(1)
5 Accession by Any State
1159(3)
5.1 Ratification and Accession by International Organizations
1159(3)
Article 44 Regional Integration Organizations 1162(9)
Jacob Katz Cogan
1 Introduction
1162(2)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
1164(1)
3 Paragraph 1
1165(3)
3.1 'Regional Integration Organizations' and their 'Competence'
1165(3)
4 Paragraph 2
1168(1)
4.1 References to 'States Parties'
1168(1)
5 Paragraph 3
1169(1)
5.1 Non-applicability of RIO Instruments to Articles 45 and 47
1169(1)
6 Paragraph 4
1169(2)
6.1 Voting in the Conference of States Parties
1169(2)
Article 45 Entry Into Force 1171(4)
Ilias Bantekas
1 Introduction
1171(1)
2 Travaux Preparatoires and Background
1172(1)
3 Paragraph 1
1172(2)
3.1 The Date of Deposit
1174(1)
4 Paragraph 2
1174(1)
Article 46 Reservations 1175(13)
Ilias Bantekas
1 Introduction
1175(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
1176(1)
3 Paragraph 1
1177(9)
3.1 Reservations Incompatible with the Object and Purpose of the CRPD
1179(4)
3.2 Reservations against Particular Rights
1183(1)
3.3 Reservations Concerning Political or Administrative Organization
1184(1)
3.4 Reservations to the CRPD by International Organizations
1185(1)
4 Paragraph 2
1186(2)
Article 47 Amendments 1188(10)
Konstantinos Magliveras
1 Introduction
1189(1)
2 Travaux Preparatoires
1189(2)
3 General Overview
1191(1)
4 Paragraph 1
1192(3)
4.1 'Proposals for amendment will be submitted to the UN Secretary-General ...'
1193(1)
4.2 'When so notified by States Parties, the Secretary-General shall convene ...'
1194(1)
5 Paragraph 2
1195(1)
6 Paragraph 3
1196(1)
7 Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
1197(1)
7.1 Article 15 CRPD Optional Protocol
1197(1)
Article 48 Denunciation 1198(6)
Ilias Bantekas
1 Introduction
1198(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
1199(1)
3 Denunciation, Un-Signing, and Reservations
1200(4)
3.1 Scope of Denunciation
1200(1)
3.2 Notification to the Depositary
1201(1)
3.3 Legal Effect of Denunciation
1202(1)
3.4 Denunciation by an International Organization
1203(1)
Article 49 Accessible Format 1204(10)
Eliza Varney
1 Introduction
1204(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
1205(1)
3 The Provision
1206(8)
Article 50 Authentic Texts 1214(4)
Iliac Bantekas
1 Introduction
1214(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
1214(1)
3 Conflicts between Authentic Texts
1215(2)
3.1 Erroneous Text
1216(1)
4 Authentic Texts and Subsequent Translations
1217(1)
5 The CRPD Committee's Working Languages
1217(1)
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 1218(39)
Tina Stavrinaki
1 Introduction
1219(1)
2 Background and Travaux Preparatoires
1220(2)
3 Article 1
1222(4)
3.1 Paragraph 1
1223(3)
3.1.1 Locus standi and Victim Requirement
1223(1)
3.1.2 On Behalf
1223(2)
3.1.3 Jurisdiction ration personae
1225(1)
3.2 Paragraph 2
1226(1)
4 Article 2
1226(8)
4.1 Anonymous'
1227(1)
4.2 'Abuse of the Right of Submission of Such Communications or Incompatibility with the Provisions of the Convention'
1227(2)
4.3 'The Same Matter Has Already Been Examined by the Committee or Has Been or Is Being Examined under Another Procedure of International Investigation or Settlement'
1229(1)
4.4 All Available Domestic Remedies Have Not Been Exhausted. This Shall Not Be the Rule Where the Application of the Remedies is Unreasonably Prolonged or Unlikely to Bring Effective Relief'
1230(2)
4.5 'It Is Manifestly Ill-Founded or Not Sufficiently Substantiated'
1232(1)
4.6 'The Facts that Are the Subject of the Communication Occurred Prior to the Entry Into Force of the Present Protocol for the State Party Concerned Unless those Facts Continued After that Date'
1233(1)
5 Article 3
1234(5)
5.1 Organization and Working Methods
1234(1)
5.2 Pre-Registration
1235(2)
5.3 Registration
1237(1)
5.4 Transmission to the State Party
1237(1)
5.5 Observations on Admissibility and Merits
1238(1)
6 Article 4
1239(7)
6.1 Working Methods Related to Interim Measures
1240(2)
6.2 Scope of Interim Measures
1242(2)
6.3 Monitoring of Interim Measures Requests
1244(2)
7 Article 5
1246(6)
7.1 Procedure of Examination on the Merits and Adoption of Views
1247(1)
7.2 Legal Status of Views
1248(2)
7.3 Remedies
1250(1)
7.4 Follow-up
1251(1)
8 Articles 6 and 7
1252(3)
9 Article 8
1255(2)
Index 1257
Ilias Bantekas FCI Arb is Professor of International Law at Brunel and Northwestern (HBKU) Universities and a senior fellow at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies (IALS) of the University of London. He acts as consultant to various inter-governmental organizations, such as UNDP, UN special procedures, the Council of Europe, and the EU. He also advises state entities, law firms, and NGOs in most fields of international law, human rights, international development law, and arbitration, and is regularly appointed as arbitrator in international disputes. Key books include International Human Rights Law and Practice (CUP,2nd ed, 2016), International Law Concentrate (OUP, 3rd ed, 2017), Sovereign Debt and Human Rights (OUP 2018), and The International Criminal Court and Africa (OUP 2017).



Michael Ashley Stein holds a J.D. from Harvard Law School and a Ph.D. from Cambridge Universit. Co-founder and Executive Director of the Harvard Law School Project on Disability and a Visiting Professor at Harvard Law School for over a decade, Stein holds an Extraordinary Professorship at the University of Pretoria's Centre for Human Rights, and a visiting professorship at the Free University of Amsterdam. Stein was previously Professor (and Cabell Professor) at William & Mary Law School, and also taught at New York University and Stanford Law schools. An internationally recognised expert on disability law and policy, Stein participated in the drafting of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, works with disabled peoples' organizations around the world, actively consults with governments on their disability laws and policies, advises a number of UN bodies and national human rights institutions, and has brought landmark litigation.



Dimitris Anastasiou is Associate Professor of Special Education at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. He holds B.S. degrees in psychology, sociology, and elementary education, an M.Sc. in special education and school psychology, and a Ph.D. in both special education and school psychology. His publications and scholarly interests include philosophical approaches to disability, disability rights, educational and disability policy, comparative special education, co-teaching, cultural issues with implications for educational policy, and educational interventions in reading and writing. Anastasiou has served as co-editor of the Journal of International Special Needs Education (JISNE), and as a reviewer for several peer-reviewed journals. He is currently associate editor of the JISNE.