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E-grāmata: Understanding the Educational and Career Pathways of Engineers

  • Formāts: 222 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 26-Dec-2018
  • Izdevniecība: National Academies Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309485616
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  • Formāts: 222 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 26-Dec-2018
  • Izdevniecība: National Academies Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309485616

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Engineering skills and knowledge are foundational to technological innovation and development that drive long-term economic growth and help solve societal challenges. Therefore, to ensure national competitiveness and quality of life it is important to understand and to continuously adapt and improve the educational and career pathways of engineers in the United States. To gather this understanding it is necessary to study the people with the engineering skills and knowledge as well as the evolving system of institutions, policies, markets, people, and other resources that together prepare, deploy, and replenish the nation's engineering workforce.





This report explores the characteristics and career choices of engineering graduates, particularly those with a BS or MS degree, who constitute the vast majority of degreed engineers, as well as the characteristics of those with non-engineering degrees who are employed as engineers in the United States. It provides insight into their educational and career pathways and related decision making, the forces that influence their decisions, and the implications for major elements of engineering education-to-workforce pathways.

Table of Contents



Front Matter Executive Summary Introduction 1 Characteristics of Engineers and the Engineering Workforce 2 Challenges for Engineering Education 3 Factors That Influence the Decision Making of Engineering Students and Graduates 4 Major Findings and Recommendations Appendix A: The Engineering Education-Workforce Continuum Appendix B: Glossary of Engineering Fields Appendix C: Examining Postsecondary and Post-College Pathways of Engineering Students Who Start at Four-Year Colleges and Universities Appendix D: Cobweb Model of the Engineering Labor Market Appendix E: Advancing Our Understanding of Engineering Education Pathways, Employment Dynamics, and Economic Impact Through the Innovative Use of Administrative Data Appendix F: Workshop Program Appendix G: Biographies of Committee Members
Executive Summary 1(10)
Introduction 11(4)
Reference
14(1)
1 Characteristics Of Engineers And The Engineering Workforce
15(45)
Defining, Measuring, and Characterizing the Engineering Labor Force
15(24)
Work Activities of Employed Engineers
39(1)
Career Pathways of Engineering Graduates
40(2)
The Economic Returns to an Engineering Degree
42(6)
Dynamics of the Engineering Labor Market
48(2)
Major Forces Shaping Demand for Engineering Labor and Skills
50(5)
Summary Observations
55(2)
References
57(3)
2 Challenges For Engineering Education
60(21)
New Skills and Knowledge for Engineers
60(5)
Approaches to Develop New Skills for Engineers
65(8)
Understanding the Implications of Growing Enrollment of Foreign-Born Students on Temporary Visas
73(2)
Summary Observations
75(1)
References
76(5)
3 Factors That Influence The Decision Making Of Engineering Students And Graduates
81(36)
Social Cognitive Career Theory
82(2)
Factors That Influence Initial Choice of an Engineering Major
84(9)
Factors That Influence College Engineering Studies
93(6)
Preparing to Transition to the Workforce
99(1)
Factors That Influence Postgraduate Decisions and Actions
100(3)
Factors That Influence Retention in Engineering Occupations
103(3)
Summary Observations, Implications, and Suggested Interventions
106(3)
Future Directions
109(1)
References
109(8)
4 Major Findings And Recommendations
117(8)
Engineers Use Diverse Skills in a Variety of Occupations and Industries
117(1)
Engineering Has a Persistent Diversity Challenge
118(2)
The Engineering Community Needs to Better Communicate to Diverse Populations the Opportunities Afforded by an Engineering Degree
120(1)
Engineering Education Must Continuously Adapt
121(1)
Research Is Needed to Understand the Effects of Foreign-Born Students with Temporary Visas on US Engineering Education
122(1)
Data Gaps Hinder Understanding of Engineering Educational and Career Pathways
123(1)
Conclusion
123(2)
Appendixes
A The Engineering Education-Workforce Continuum
125(24)
B Glossary of Engineering Fields
149(2)
C Examining Postsecondary and Postcollege Pathways of Engineering Students Who Start at Four-Year Colleges and Universities
151(29)
D Cobweb Model of the Engineering Labor Market
180(2)
E Advancing Our Understanding of Engineering Education Pathways, Employment Dynamics, and Economic Impact Through the Innovative Use of Administrative Data
182(16)
F Workshop Program
198(4)
G Biographies of Committee Members
202