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Understanding Pathophysiology 6e - Text and Study Guide Package 6th edition [Kit]

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  • Formāts: Kit,
  • Izdošanas datums: 01-Feb-2016
  • Izdevniecība: Mosby
  • ISBN-10: 0323431240
  • ISBN-13: 9780323431248
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
  • Formāts: Kit,
  • Izdošanas datums: 01-Feb-2016
  • Izdevniecība: Mosby
  • ISBN-10: 0323431240
  • ISBN-13: 9780323431248
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Master the important pathophysiology concepts you need to know with the most engaging and reader-friendly text available. Filled with vibrant illustrations and complemented by online resources that bring pathophysiology concepts to life,Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition continues its tradition of delivering the most accurate information on treatments, manifestations, and mechanisms of disease across the lifespan, giving you the fundamental knowledge needed to move forward in your nursing education and career. New additions include a new chapter on epigenetics, new content on rare diseases, a separate chapter for male and female reproductive alterations, streamlined features, simplified language, and fully updated information throughout.Introduction to Pathophysiology in the front matter section provides intro to the subject of pathophysiology and explains why it is important.Consistent presentation helps readers better distinguish pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and evaluation and treatment for each disease.More than 1,000 high-quality illustrations vividly depict clinical manifestations and cellular mechanisms underlying diseases.Lifespan coverage details age-specific conditions affecting pediatric, adult, and aging patients in depth.Algorithms throughout the text clarify disease progression.Risk Factor boxes alert readers to important safety considerations associated with specific diseases.Health Alert boxes highlight new developments in biologic research, diagnostic studies, preventive care, treatments, and more.Quick Check boxes test readers retention of important chapter concepts.Geriatric Considerations boxes and Pediatric Considerations boxeshighlight key considerations for these demographics in relevant chapters.Did You Understand? sections provide a fast and efficient review of chapter content.Chapter outlines help readers find specific information with ease.Chapter introductions explain why chapter content is important and how it fits into a broader health care context.Key terms are bolded throughout the text for fast, easy reference.Glossary of selected terms familiarizes readers with the most difficult or important terminology.Additional online resources on Evolve companion website offers access to animations, review questions, key terms matching exercises, and more.NEW! Chapter on Epigenetics gives students knowledge and insight into key processes that influence normal and abnormal cell growth and development.NEW! Streamlined tables and flowcharts make information easier to access.NEW! Updated content throughout reflects the latest clinical findings and research across the full spectrum of pathophysiology.NEW! Additional content on rare diseases gives students a more comprehensive understanding of conditions that affect the human body.NEW! Division of Alterations of the Reproductive Systems chapter will now cover male and female reproductive systems in separate chapters.NEW! 25 additional illustrations bring key concepts to life.
Understanding Pathophysiology
Part One Basic Concepts of Pathophysiology
Unit 1 The Cell
1 Cellular Biology,
1(37)
Kathryn L. McCance
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes,
1(1)
Cellular Functions,
1(1)
Structure and Function of Cellular Components,
2(1)
Nucleus,
2(1)
Cytoplasmic Organelles,
2(1)
Plasma Membranes,
2(1)
Cellular Receptors,
9(1)
Cell-to-Cell Adhesions,
10(1)
Extracellular Matrix,
10(1)
Specialized Cell Junctions,
11(1)
Cellular Communication and Signal Transduction,
12(1)
Cellular Metabolism,
14(1)
Role of Adenosine Triphosphate,
16(1)
Food and Production of Cellular Energy,
16(1)
Oxidative Phosphorylation,
16(1)
Membrane Transport: Cellular Intake and Output,
17(1)
Electrolytes as Solutes,
18(1)
Transport by Vesicle Formation,
21(1)
Movement of Electrical Impulses: Membrane Potentials,
24(1)
Cellular Reproduction: The Cell Cycle,
25(1)
Phases of Mitosis and Cytokinesis,
26(1)
Rates of Cellular Division,
26(1)
Growth Factors,
26(1)
Tissues,
27(1)
Tissue Formation,
27(1)
Types of Tissues,
27(11)
2 Genes and Genetic Diseases,
38(24)
Lynn B. Jorde
DNA, RNA, and Proteins: Heredity at the Molecular Level,
38(1)
Definitions,
38(1)
From Genes to Proteins,
39(3)
Chromosomes,
42(1)
Chromosome Aberrations and Associated Diseases,
42(7)
Elements of Formal Genetics,
49(1)
Phenotype and Genotype,
49(1)
Dominance and Recessiveness,
49(1)
Transmission of Genetic Diseases,
49(1)
Autosomal Dominant Inheritance,
50(1)
Autosomal Recessive Inheritance,
52(1)
X-Linked Inheritance,
54(2)
Linkage Analysis and Gene Mapping,
56(1)
Classic Pedigree Analysis,
56(1)
Complete Human Gene Map: Prospects and Benefits,
57(1)
Multifactorial Inheritance,
57(5)
3 Epigenetics and Disease,
62(11)
Diane P. Genereux
Lynn B. Jorde
Epigenetic Mechanisms,
62(1)
DNA Methylation,
62(1)
Histone Modifications,
63(1)
RNA-Based Mechanisms,
64(1)
Epigenetics and Human Development,
64(1)
Genomic Imprinting,
64(1)
Prader-Willi and Angelman Syndromes,
65(1)
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome,
65(1)
Russell-Silver Syndrome,
66(1)
Long-Term and Multigenerational Persistence of Epigenetic States Induced by Stochastic and Environmental Factors,
66(1)
Epigenetics and Nutrition,
66(1)
Epigenetics and Maternal Care,
66(1)
Epigenetics and Mental Illness,
67(1)
Twin Studies Provide Insights on Epigenetic Modification,
68(1)
Molecular Approaches to Understand Epigenetic Disease,
68(1)
Epigenetics and Cancer,
68(1)
DNA Methylation and Cancer,
68(1)
miRNAs and Cancer,
69(1)
Epigenetic Screening for Cancer,
69(1)
Emerging Strategies for the Treatment of Epigenetic Disease,
69(1)
Future Directions,
70(3)
4 Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology,
73(41)
Kathryn L. McCance
Todd Cameron Grey
Cellular Adaptation,
74(1)
Atrophy,
74(1)
Hypertrophy,
75(1)
Hyperplasia,
76(1)
Dysplasia: Not a True Adaptive Change,
77(1)
Metaplasia,
77(1)
Cellular Injury,
77(1)
General Mechanisms of Cell Injury,
78(1)
Hypoxic Injury,
78(1)
Free Radicals and Reactive Oxygen Species—Oxidative Stress,
81(1)
Chemical or Toxic Injury,
84(1)
Unintentional and Intentional Injuries,
93(1)
Infectious Injury,
96(1)
Immunologic and Inflammatory Injury,
96(1)
Manifestations of Cellular Injury: Accumulations,
96(1)
Water,
97(1)
Lipids and Carbohydrates,
98(1)
Glycogen,
98(1)
Proteins,
98(1)
Pigments,
99(1)
Calcium,
100(1)
Urate,
101(1)
Systemic Manifestations,
101(1)
Cellular Death,
101(1)
Necrosis,
102(1)
Apoptosis,
104(1)
Autophagy,
105(2)
Aging and Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology,
107(1)
Normal Life Span, Life Expectancy, and Quality-Adjusted Life Year,
108(1)
Degenerative Extracellular Changes,
108(1)
Cellular Aging,
108(1)
Tissue and Systemic Aging,
109(1)
Frailty,
109(1)
Somatic Death,
109(5)
5 Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases,
114(20)
Sue E. Huether
Distribution of Body Fluids and Electrolytes,
114(1)
Water Movement Between Plasma and Interstitial Fluid,
115(1)
Water Movement Between ICF and ECF,
115(1)
Alterations in Water Movement,
115(1)
Edema,
115(1)
Sodium, Chloride, and Water Balance,
116(1)
Alterations in Sodium, Chloride, and Water Balance,
119(1)
Isotonic Alterations,
119(1)
Hypertonic Alterations,
119(1)
Hypotonic Alterations,
121(1)
Alterations in Potassium and Other Electrolytes,
122(1)
Potassium,
122(1)
Other Electrolytes—Calcium, Phosphate, and Magnesium,
125(1)
Acid-Base Balance,
125(1)
Hydrogen Ion and pH,
125(1)
Buffer Systems,
125(1)
Acid-Base Imbalances,
127(4)
Pediatric Considerations: Distribution of Body Fluids,
131(1)
Geriatric Considerations: Distribution of Body Fluids,
131(3)
Unit 2 Mechanisms of Self-Defense
6 Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing,
134(24)
Neal S. Rote
Human Defense Mechanisms,
134(1)
Innate Immunity,
134(1)
First Line of Defense: Physical and Biochemical Barriers and the Human Microbiome,
135(1)
Second Line of Defense: Inflammation,
137(1)
Plasma Protein Systems and Inflammation,
138(1)
Cellular Components of Inflammation,
141(6)
Acute and Chronic Inflammation,
147(1)
Local Manifestations of Acute Inflammation,
149(1)
Systemic Manifestations of Acute Inflammation,
149(1)
Chronic Inflammation,
149(2)
Wound Healing,
151(1)
Phase I: Inflammation,
152(1)
Phase II: Proliferation and New Tissue Formation,
152(1)
Phase III: Remodeling and Maturation,
153(1)
Dysfunctional Wound Healing,
153(1)
Pediatric Considerations: Age-Related Factors Affecting Innate Immunity in the Newborn Child,
154(1)
Geriatric Considerations: Age-Related Factors Affecting Innate Immunity in the Elderly,
154(4)
7 Adaptive Immunity,
158(18)
Neal S. Rote
Third Line of Defense: Adaptive Immunity,
158(1)
Antigens and Immunogens,
160(1)
Antibodies,
161(1)
Classes of Immunoglobulins,
161(1)
Antigen-Antibody Binding,
162(1)
Function of Antibodies,
162(4)
Immune Response: Collaboration of B Cells and T Cells,
166(1)
Generation of Clonal Diversity,
166(1)
Clonal Selection,
167(5)
Cell-Mediated Immunity,
172(1)
T-Lymphocyte Function,
172(1)
Pediatric Considerations: Age-Related Factors Affecting Mechanisms of Self-Defense in the Newborn Child,
173(1)
Geriatric Considerations: Age-Related Factors Affecting Mechanisms of Self-Defense in the Elderly,
173(3)
8 Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense,
176(38)
Neal S. Rote
Infection,
176(1)
Microorganisms and Humans: A Dynamic Relationship,
176(1)
Countermeasures Against Infectious Microorganisms,
187(2)
Deficiencies in Immunity,
189(1)
Initial Clinical Presentation,
189(1)
Primary (Congenital) Immune Deficiencies,
190(1)
Secondary (Acquired) Immune Deficiencies,
192(1)
Evaluation and Care of Those with Immune Deficiency,
193(1)
Replacement Therapies for Immune Deficiencies,
193(1)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS),
194(5)
Hypersensitivity: Allergy, Autoimmunity, and Alloimmunity,
199(1)
Mechanisms of Hypersensitivity,
199(1)
Antigenic Targets of Hypersensitivity Reactions,
206(8)
9 Stress and Disease,
214(19)
Margaret F. Clayton
Kathryn L. McCance
Lorey K. Takahashi
Historical Background and General Concepts,
214(1)
Stress Overview: Allostasis, Multiple Mediators, and Systems,
217(1)
The Stress Response,
218(1)
Regulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal System,
218(1)
Neuroendocrine Regulation: Autonomic Nervous System,
221(1)
Histamine and Other Hormones,
223(1)
Role of the Immune System,
225(1)
Stress, Personality, Coping, and Illness,
225(1)
Coping,
226(2)
Geriatric Considerations: Aging & the Stress-Age Syndrome,
228(5)
Unit 3 Cellular Proliferation: Cancer
10 Biology of Cancer,
233(33)
Neal S. Rote
David M. Virshup
Cancer Terminology and Characteristics,
233(1)
Tumor Classification and Nomenclature,
233(3)
The Biology of Cancer Cells,
236(1)
Sustained Proliferative Signaling,
238(1)
Evading Growth Suppressors,
241(1)
Genomic Instability,
242(1)
Enabling Replication Immortality,
245(1)
Inducing Angiogenesis,
245(1)
Reprograming Energy Metabolism,
246(1)
Resisting Apoptotic Cell Death,
247(1)
Tumor-Promoting Inflammation,
248(1)
Evading Immune Destruction,
250(1)
Activating Invasion and Metastasis,
251(3)
Clinical Manifestations of Cancer,
254(1)
Paraneoplastic Syndromes,
254(1)
Pain,
255(1)
Fatigue,
255(1)
Cachexia,
255(1)
Anemia,
256(1)
Leukopenia and Thrombocytopenia,
256(1)
Infection,
257(1)
Gastrointestinal Tract,
257(1)
Hair and Skin,
258(1)
Diagnosis, Characterization, and Treatment of Cancer,
258(1)
Diagnosis and Staging,
258(1)
Classification of Tumors—Classic Histology and Modern Genetics,
259(1)
Treatment,
260(6)
11 Cancer Epidemiology,
266(35)
Kathryn L. McCance
Genetics, Epigenetics, and Tissue,
266(1)
Incidence and Mortality Trends,
272(1)
In Utero and Early Life Conditions,
272(1)
Environmental-Lifestyle Factors,
274(1)
Tobacco Use,
274(1)
Diet,
276(1)
Nutrition, Obesity, Alcohol Consumption, and Physical Activity: Impacts on Cancer,
276(1)
Ionizing Radiation,
283(1)
Ultraviolet Radiation,
287(1)
Electromagnetic Radiation,
289(1)
Infection, Sexual and Reproductive Behavior,
290(1)
Other Viruses and Microorganisms,
292(1)
Air Pollution,
292(1)
Chemical and Occupational Hazards as Carcinogens,
293(8)
12 Cancer in Children and Adolescents,
301(6)
Lauri A. Linder
Nancy E. Kline
Incidence, Etiology, and Types of Childhood Cancer,
301(1)
Etiology,
302(1)
Genetic and Genomic Factors,
303(1)
Environmental Factors,
303(2)
Prognosis,
305(2)
Part Two Body Systems and Diseases
Unit 4 The Neurologic System
13 Structure and Function of the Neurologic System,
307(29)
Lynne M. Kerr
Sue E. Huether
Richard A. Sugerman
Overview and Organization of the Nervous System,
307(1)
Cells of the Nervous System,
307(1)
The Neuron,
307(1)
Neuroglia and Schwann Cells,
308(1)
Nerve Injury and Regeneration,
309(1)
The Nerve Impulse,
309(1)
Synapses,
311(1)
Neurotransmitters,
311(1)
The Central Nervous System,
311(1)
The Brain,
311(1)
The Spinal Cord,
318(1)
Motor Pathways,
320(1)
Sensory Pathways,
320(1)
Protective Structures of the Central Nervous System,
321(1)
Blood Supply of the Central Nervous System,
323(2)
The Peripheral Nervous System,
325(1)
The Autonomic Nervous System,
326(1)
Anatomy of the Sympathetic Nervous System,
327(1)
Anatomy of the Parasympathetic Nervous System,
329(1)
Neurotransmitters and Neuroreceptors,
329(1)
Functions of the Autonomic Nervous System,
329(3)
Geriatric Considerations: Aging & the Nervous System,
332(4)
14 Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function,
336(23)
George W. Rodway
Sue E. Huether
Jan Belden
Pain,
336(1)
Neuroanatomy of Pain,
336(1)
Pain Modulation,
338(1)
Clinical Descriptions of Pain,
339(3)
Temperature Regulation,
342(1)
Control of Body Temperature,
342(1)
Temperature Regulation in Infants and Elderly Persons,
342(1)
Pathogenesis of Fever,
342(1)
Benefits of Fever,
343(1)
Disorders of Temperature Regulation,
344(1)
Sleep,
344(1)
Sleep Disorders,
345(1)
The Special Senses,
346(1)
Vision,
346(1)
Hearing,
350(1)
Olfaction and Taste,
353(1)
Somatosensory Function,
353(1)
Touch,
353(1)
Proprioception,
353(1)
Geriatric Considerations: Aging & Changes in Hearing,
354(1)
Geriatric Considerations: Aging & Changes in Olfaction and Taste,
354(5)
15 Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function,
359(31)
Barbara J. Boss
Sue E. Huether
Alterations in Cognitive Systems,
359(1)
Alterations in Arousal,
359(1)
Alterations in Awareness,
365(1)
Data Processing Deficits,
367(1)
Seizure Disorders,
372(1)
Types of Seizure,
373(1)
Alterations in Cerebral Hemodynamics,
373(1)
Increased Intracranial Pressure,
374(1)
Cerebral Edema,
375(1)
Hydrocephalus,
376(1)
Alterations in Neuromotor Function,
376(1)
Alterations in Muscle Tone,
376(1)
Alterations in Muscle Movement,
377(1)
Upper and Lower Motor Neuron Syndromes,
381(1)
Motor Neuron Diseases,
384(1)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis,
384(1)
Alterations in Complex Motor Performance,
385(1)
Disorders of Posture (Stance),
385(1)
Disorders of Gait,
385(1)
Disorders of Expression,
386(1)
Extrapyramidal Motor Syndromes,
386(4)
16 Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and Neuromuscular Junction,
390(32)
Barbara J. Boss
Sue E. Huether
Central Nervous System Disorders,
390(1)
Traumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Injury,
390(1)
Degenerative Disorders of the Spine,
400(1)
Cerebrovascular Disorders,
402(1)
Headache,
406(1)
Infection and Inflammation of the Central Nervous System,
408(1)
Demyelinating Disorders,
411(1)
Peripheral Nervous System and Neuromuscular Junction Disorders,
412(1)
Peripheral Nervous System Disorders,
412(1)
Neuromuscular Junction Disorders,
412(2)
Tumors of the Central Nervous System,
414(1)
Brain Tumors,
414(1)
Spinal Cord Tumors,
417(5)
17 Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children,
422(17)
Lynne M. Kerr
Sue E. Huether
Vinodh Narayanan
Development of the Nervous System in Children,
422(1)
Structural Malformations,
423(1)
Defects of Neural Tube Closure,
423(1)
Craniosynostosis,
426(1)
Malformations of Brain Development,
427(2)
Alterations in Function: Encephalopathies,
429(1)
Static Encephalopathies,
429(1)
Inherited Metabolic Disorders of the Central Nervous System,
429(1)
Acute Encephalopathies,
430(1)
Infections of the Central Nervous System,
431(1)
Cerebrovascular Disease in Children,
431(1)
Perinatal Stroke,
431(1)
Childhood Stroke,
431(1)
Epilepsy and Seizure Disorders in Children,
432(1)
Childhood Tumors,
432(1)
Brain Tumors,
432(1)
Embryonal Tumors,
435(4)
Unit 5 The Endocrine System
18 Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation,
439(21)
Valentina L. Brashers
Sue E. Huether
Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation,
439(1)
Regulation of Hormone Release,
439(1)
Hormone Transport,
440(1)
Mechanisms of Hormone Action,
440(3)
Structure and Function of the Endocrine Glands,
443(1)
Hypothalamic-Pituitary System,
443(1)
Pineal Gland,
448(1)
Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands,
448(1)
Endocrine Pancreas,
451(1)
Adrenal Glands,
453(4)
Geriatric Considerations: Aging & Its Effects on Specific Endocrine Glands,
457(3)
19 Alterations of Hormonal Regulation,
460(30)
Valentina L. Brashers
Robert E. Jones
Sue E. Huether
Mechanisms of Hormonal Alterations,
460(1)
Alterations of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary System,
461(1)
Diseases of the Posterior Pituitary,
461(1)
Diseases of the Anterior Pituitary,
463(3)
Alterations of Thyroid Function,
466(1)
Thyrotoxicosis/Hypothyroidism,
466(1)
Hypothyroidism,
468(1)
Thyroid Carcinoma,
469(1)
Alterations of Parathyroid Function,
470(1)
Hyperparathyroidism,
470(1)
Hypoparathyroidism,
470(1)
Dysfunction of the Endocrine Pancreas: Diabetes Mellitus,
471(1)
Types of Diabetes Mellitus,
472(1)
Acute Complications of Diabetes Mellitus,
477(1)
Chronic Complications of Diabetes Mellitus,
478(4)
Alterations of Adrenal Function,
482(1)
Disorders of the Adrenal Cortex,
482(1)
Disorders of the Adrenal Medulla,
485(5)
Unit 6 The Hematologic System
20 Structure and Function of the Hematologic System,
490(23)
Neal S. Rote
Kathryn L. McCance
Components of the Hematologic System,
490(1)
Composition of Blood,
490(1)
Lymphoid Organs,
494(1)
The Mononuclear Phagocyte System,
497(1)
Development of Blood Cells,
497(1)
Hematopoiesis,
497(1)
Development of Erythrocytes,
500(1)
Development of Leukocytes,
503(1)
Development of Platelets,
504(1)
Mechanisms of Hemostasis,
504(1)
Function of Platelets and Blood Vessels,
504(1)
Function of Clotting Factors,
507(1)
Retraction and Lysis of Blood Clots,
507(1)
Pediatrics & Hematologic Value Changes,
508(1)
Aging & Hematologic Value Changes,
511(2)
21 Alterations of Hematologic Function,
513(41)
Anna Schwartz
Kathryn L. McCance
Neal S. Rote
Alterations of Erythrocyte Function,
513(1)
Classification of Anemias,
513(1)
Macro cytic-Normochromic Anemias,
515(1)
Micro cytic-Hypochromic Anemias,
517(1)
Normocytic-Normochromic Anemias,
519(1)
Myeloproliferative Red Cell Disorders,
519(1)
Polycythemia Vera,
521(1)
Iron Overload,
522(1)
Alterations of Leukocyte Function,
523(1)
Quantitative Alterations of Leukocytes,
523(8)
Alterations of Lymphoid Function,
531(1)
Lymphadenopathy,
531(1)
Malignant Lymphomas,
532(6)
Alterations of Splenic Function,
538(1)
Hemorrhagic Disorders and Alterations of Platelets and Coagulation,
540(1)
Disorders of Platelets,
541(1)
Alterations of Platelet Function,
544(1)
Disorders of Coagulation,
544(10)
22 Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children,
554(15)
Joan Shea
Nancy E. Kline
Anna E. Roche
Kathryn L. McCance
Disorders of Erythrocytes,
554(1)
Acquired Disorders,
554(1)
Inherited Disorders,
557(6)
Disorders of Coagulation and Platelets,
563(1)
Inherited Hemorrhagic Disease,
563(1)
Antibody-Mediated Hemorrhagic Disease,
563(1)
Neoplastic Disorders,
564(1)
Leukemia,
564(1)
Lymphomas,
565(1)
Hodgkin Lymphoma,
566(3)
Unit 7 The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
23 Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems,
569(29)
Susanna G. Cunningham
Valentina L. Brashers
Kathryn L. McCance
The Circulatory System,
569(1)
The Heart,
569(1)
Structures That Direct Circulation Through the Heart,
570(1)
Structures That Support Cardiac Metabolism: The Coronary Vessels,
573(1)
Structures That Control Heart Action,
576(1)
Factors Affecting Cardiac Output,
581(2)
The Systemic Circulation,
583(1)
Structure of Blood Vessels,
584(1)
Factors Affecting Blood Flow,
587(1)
Regulation of Blood Pressure,
589(1)
Regulation of the Coronary Circulation,
592(1)
The Lymphatic System,
592(6)
24 Alterations of Cardiovascular Function,
598(57)
Valentina L. Brashers
Diseases of the Veins,
598(1)
Varicose Veins and Chronic Venous Insufficiency,
598(1)
Thrombus Formation in Veins,
599(1)
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome,
599(1)
Diseases of the Arteries,
600(1)
Hypertension,
600(1)
Orthostatic (Postural) Hypotension,
604(1)
Aneurysm,
604(1)
Thrombus Formation,
606(1)
Embolism,
606(1)
Peripheral Vascular Disease,
606(1)
Atherosclerosis,
607(1)
Peripheral Artery Disease,
610(1)
Coronary Artery Disease, Myocardial Ischemia, and Acute Coronary Syndromes,
610(12)
Disorders of the Heart Wall,
622(1)
Disorders of the Pericardium,
622(1)
Disorders of the Myocardium: The Cardiomyopathies,
624(1)
Disorders of the Endocardium,
625(1)
Cardiac Complications in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS),
632(1)
Manifestations of Heart Disease,
632(1)
Heart Failure,
632(1)
Dysrhythmias,
637(1)
Shock,
637(1)
Impairment of Cellular Metabolism,
637(1)
Clinical Manifestations of Shock,
640(1)
Treatment for Shock,
641(1)
Types of Shock,
641(1)
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome,
646(9)
25 Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children,
655(16)
Nancy Pike
Nancy L. McDaniel
Congenital Heart Disease,
655(1)
Obstructive Defects,
656(1)
Defects with Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow,
659(1)
Defects with Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow,
661(1)
Mixing Defects,
663(1)
Heart Failure,
665(1)
Acquired Cardiovascular Disorders,
666(1)
Kawasaki Disease,
666(1)
Systemic Hypertension,
667(4)
Unit 8 The Pulmonary System
26 Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System,
671(16)
Valentina L. Brashers
Structures of the Pulmonary System,
671(1)
Conducting Airways,
671(1)
Gas-Exchange Airways,
672(1)
Pulmonary and Bronchial Circulation,
673(1)
Control of the Pulmonary Circulation,
674(1)
Chest Wall and Pleura,
675(1)
Function of the Pulmonary System,
676(1)
Ventilation,
676(1)
Neurochemical Control of Ventilation,
676(1)
Mechanics of Breathing,
678(1)
Gas Transport,
680(4)
Geriatric Considerations: Aging & the Pulmonary System,
684(3)
27 Alterations of Pulmonary Function,
687(28)
Valentina L. Brashers
Sue E. Huether
Clinical Manifestations of Pulmonary Alterations,
687(1)
Signs and Symptoms of Pulmonary Disease,
687(1)
Conditions Caused by Pulmonary Disease or Injury,
689(1)
Disorders of the Chest Wall and Pleura,
691(1)
Pleural Abnormalities,
691(2)
Pulmonary Disorders,
693(1)
Restrictive Lung Diseases,
693(1)
Obstructive Lung Diseases,
698(1)
Respiratory Tract Infections,
703(1)
Pulmonary Vascular Disease,
706(1)
Malignancies of the Respiratory Tract,
709(6)
28 Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children,
715(15)
Valentina L. Brashers
Sue E. Huether
Disorders of the Upper Airways,
715(1)
Infections of the Upper Airways,
715(1)
Aspiration of Foreign Bodies,
717(1)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea,
717(1)
Disorders of the Lower Airways,
718(1)
Respiratory Distress Syndrome of the Newborn,
718(1)
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia,
720(1)
Respiratory Tract Infections,
721(1)
Aspiration Pneumonitis,
723(1)
Bronchiolitis Obliterans,
723(1)
Asthma,
723(1)
Acute Lung Injury/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome,
725(1)
Cystic Fibrosis,
725(1)
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS),
726(4)
Unit 9 The Renal and Urologic Systems
29 Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems,
730(17)
Sue E. Huether
Structures of the Renal System,
730(1)
Structures of the Kidney,
730(1)
Urinary Structures,
734(1)
Renal Blood Flow,
735(1)
Autoregulation of Intrarenal Blood Flow,
735(1)
Neural Regulation of Renal Blood Flow,
736(1)
Hormones and Other Factors Regulating Renal Blood Flow,
736(1)
Kidney Function,
736(1)
Nephron Function,
736(1)
Hormones and Nephron Function,
741(1)
Renal Hormones,
741(1)
Tests of Renal Function,
741(1)
Renal Clearance,
741(1)
Plasma Creatinine Concentration,
743(1)
Blood Urea Nitrogen,
743(1)
Pediatric Considerations: Pediatrics & Renal Function,
743(1)
Geriatric Considerations: Aging & Renal Function,
743(4)
30 Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function,
747(23)
Sue E. Huether
Urinary Tract Obstruction,
747(1)
Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction,
747(1)
Lower Urinary Tract Obstruction,
749(1)
Tumors,
751(2)
Urinary Tract Infection,
753(1)
Causes of Urinary Tract Infection,
753(1)
Types of Urinary Tract Infection,
753(2)
Glomerular Disorders,
755(1)
Glomerulonephritis,
755(1)
Nephrotic and Nephritic Syndromes,
759(1)
Acute Kidney Injury,
760(1)
Classification of Kidney Dysfunction,
760(1)
Acute Kidney Injury,
760(3)
Chronic Kidney Disease,
763(1)
Creatinine and Urea Clearance,
764(1)
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance,
765(1)
Calcium, Phosphate, and Bone,
765(1)
Protein, Carbohydrate, and Fat Metabolism,
766(1)
Cardiovascular System,
766(1)
Pulmonary System,
766(1)
Hematologic System,
766(1)
Immune System,
766(1)
Neurologic System,
766(1)
Gastrointestinal System,
766(1)
Endocrine and Reproductive Systems,
766(1)
Integumentary System,
766(4)
31 Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children,
770(9)
Patricia Ring
Sue E. Huether
Structural Abnormalities,
770(1)
Hypospadias,
770(1)
Epispadias and Exstrophy of the Bladder,
771(1)
Bladder Outlet Obstruction,
771(1)
Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction,
772(1)
Hypoplastic/Dysplastic Kidneys,
772(1)
Polycystic Kidney Disease,
772(1)
Renal Agenesis,
772(1)
Glomerular Disorders,
772(1)
Glomerulonephritis,
772(1)
Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy,
773(1)
Nephrotic Syndrome,
773(1)
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome,
773(1)
Nephroblastoma,
774(1)
Bladder Disorders,
774(1)
Urinary Tract Infections,
774(1)
Vesicoureteral Reflux,
775(1)
Urinary Incontinence,
776(1)
Types of Incontinence,
776(3)
Unit 10 The Reproductive Systems
32 Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems,
779(23)
Afsoon Moktar
George W. Rodway
Sue E. Huether
Development of the Reproductive Systems,
779(1)
Sexual Differentiation in Utero,
779(1)
Puberty and Reproductive Maturation,
780(2)
The Female Reproductive System,
782(1)
External Genitalia,
782(1)
Internal Genitalia,
783(1)
Female Sex Hormones,
787(1)
Menstrual (Ovarian) Cycle,
788(3)
Structure and Function of the Breast,
791(1)
Female Breast,
791(1)
Male Breast,
793(1)
The Male Reproductive System,
793(1)
External Genitalia,
793(1)
Internal Genitalia,
795(1)
Spermatogenesis,
796(1)
Male Sex and Reproductive Hormones,
796(1)
Aging & Reproductive Function,
797(1)
Aging and the Female Reproductive System,
797(1)
Aging and the Male Reproductive System,
798(4)
33 Alterations of the Female Reproductive System,
802(52)
Kathryn L. McCance
Afsoon Moktar
Abnormalities of the Female Reproductive Tract,
802(1)
Alterations of Sexual Maturation,
803(1)
Delayed or Absent Puberty,
804(1)
Precocious Puberty,
804(1)
Disorders of the Female Reproductive System,
805(1)
Hormonal and Menstrual Alterations,
805(1)
Infection and Inflammation,
810(1)
Pelvic Organ Prolapse,
814(1)
Benign Growths and Proliferative Conditions,
815(1)
Cancer,
819(1)
Sexual Dysfunction,
829(1)
Impaired Fertility,
830(1)
Disorders of the Female Breast,
830(1)
Galactorrhea,
830(1)
Benign Breast Disease and Conditions,
831(1)
Breast Cancer,
833(21)
34 Alterations of the Male Reproductive System,
854(30)
George W. Rodway
Kathryn L. McCance
Alterations of Sexual Maturation,
854(1)
Delayed or Absent Puberty,
854(1)
Precocious Puberty,
854(1)
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System,
855(1)
Disorders of the Urethra,
855(1)
Disorders of the Penis,
855(1)
Disorders of the Scrotum, Testis, and Epididymis,
858(1)
Disorders of the Prostate Gland,
862(1)
Sexual Dysfunction,
873(3)
Disorders of the Male Breast,
876(1)
Gynecomastia,
876(1)
Carcinoma,
877(1)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases,
877(7)
Unit 11 The Digestive System
35 Structure and Function of the Digestive System,
884(22)
Sue E. Huether
The Gastrointestinal Tract,
884(1)
Mouth and Esophagus,
884(1)
Stomach,
887(1)
Small Intestine,
889(1)
Large Intestine,
894(1)
Intestinal Microbiome,
895(1)
Splanchnic Blood Flow,
896(1)
Accessory Organs of Digestion,
896(1)
Liver,
896(1)
Gallbladder,
900(3)
Geriatric Considerations: Aging & the Gastrointestinal System,
903(3)
36 Alterations of Digestive Function,
906(44)
Sue E. Huether
Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
906(1)
Clinical Manifestations of Gastrointestinal Dysfunction,
906(1)
Disorders of Motility,
909(1)
Gastritis,
914(1)
Peptic Ulcer Disease,
915(1)
Malabsorption Syndromes,
919(1)
Inflammatory Bowel Disease,
920(1)
Diverticular Disease of the Colon,
922(1)
Appendicitis,
923(1)
Mesenteric Vascular Insufficiency,
923(1)
Disorders of Nutrition,
924(3)
Disorders of the Accessory Organs of Digestion,
927(1)
Common Complications of Liver Disorders,
927(1)
Disorders of the Liver,
931(1)
Disorders of the Gallbladder,
935(1)
Disorders of the Pancreas,
936(1)
Cancer of the Digestive System,
937(1)
Cancer of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
937(1)
Cancer of the Accessory Organs of Digestion,
941(9)
37 Alterations of Digestive Function in Children,
950(18)
Sharon Sables-Baus
Sara J. Fidanza
Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
950(1)
Congenital Impairment of Motility,
950(1)
Acquired Impairment of Motility,
954(1)
Impairment of Digestion, Absorption, and Nutrition,
956(1)
Diarrhea,
960(1)
Disorders of the Liver,
961(1)
Disorders of Biliary Metabolism and Transport,
961(1)
Inflammatory Disorders,
962(1)
Portal Hypertension,
963(1)
Metabolic Disorders,
963(5)
Unit 12 The Musculoskeletal and Integumentary Systems
38 Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System,
968(23)
Christy L. Crowther-Radulewicz
Kathryn L. McCance
Structure and Function of Bones,
968(1)
Elements of Bone Tissue,
968(1)
Types of Bone Tissue,
972(1)
Characteristics of Bone,
973(1)
Maintenance of Bone Integrity,
974(1)
Structure and Function of Joints,
975(1)
Fibrous Joints,
975(1)
Cartilaginous Joints,
975(1)
Synovial Joints,
977(1)
Structure and Function of Skeletal Muscles,
978(1)
Whole Muscle,
978(1)
Components of Muscle Function,
983(1)
Tendons and Ligaments,
986(1)
Aging & the Musculoskeletal System,
986(1)
Aging of Bones,
986(1)
Aging of Joints,
987(1)
Aging of Muscles,
987(4)
39 Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function,
991(47)
Christy L. Crowther-Radulewicz
Kathryn L. McCance
Musculoskeletal Injuries,
991(1)
Skeletal Trauma,
991(1)
Support Structures,
995(5)
Disorders of Bones,
1000(1)
Metabolic Bone Diseases,
1000(1)
Infectious Bone Disease: Osteomyelitis,
1007(2)
Disorders of Joints,
1009(1)
Osteoarthritis,
1009(1)
Classic Inflammatory Joint Disease,
1012(9)
Disorders of Skeletal Muscle,
1021(1)
Secondary Muscular Dysfunction,
1021(1)
Fibromyalgia,
1022(1)
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome,
1023(1)
Muscle Membrane Abnormalities,
1023(1)
Metabolic Muscle Diseases,
1024(1)
Inflammatory Muscle Diseases: Myositis,
1025(1)
Toxic Myopathies,
1026(1)
Musculoskeletal Tumors,
1027(1)
Bone Tumors,
1027(1)
Muscle Tumors,
1031(7)
40 Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children,
1038(15)
Kristen Lee Carroll
Lynne M. Kerr
Kathryn L. McCance
Congenital Defects,
1038(1)
Clubfoot,
1038(1)
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip,
1038(1)
Osteogenesis Imperfecta,
1039(2)
Bone Infection,
1041(1)
Osteomyelitis,
1041(1)
Septic Arthritis,
1042(1)
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis,
1043(1)
Osteochondroses,
1044(1)
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease,
1044(1)
Osgood-Schlatter Disease,
1044(1)
Scoliosis,
1045(1)
Muscular Dystrophy,
1046(1)
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy,
1046(1)
Becker Muscular Dystrophy,
1047(1)
Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy,
1047(1)
Myotonic Muscular Dystrophy,
1047(1)
Musculoskeletal Tumors,
1048(1)
Benign Bone Tumors,
1048(1)
Malignant Bone Tumors,
1048(2)
Nonaccidental Trauma,
1050(1)
Fractures in Nonaccidental Trauma,
1050(3)
41 Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument,
1053(31)
Sue Ann McCann
Noreen Heer Nicol
Sue E. Huether
Structure and Function of the Skin,
1053(1)
Layers of the Skin,
1053(1)
Clinical Manifestations of Skin Dysfunction,
1055(5)
Disorders of the Skin,
1060(1)
Inflammatory Disorders,
1060(1)
Papulosquamous Disorders,
1062(1)
Vesiculobullous Diseases,
1065(1)
Infections,
1066(1)
Vascular Disorders,
1068(1)
Benign Tumors,
1070(1)
Skin Cancer,
1070(1)
Burns,
1074(1)
Cold Injury,
1078(1)
Disorders of the Hair,
1078(1)
Alopecia,
1078(1)
Hirsutism,
1078(1)
Disorders of the Nail,
1078(1)
Paronychia,
1078(1)
Onychomycosis,
1079(1)
Geriatric Considerations: Aging & Changes in Skin Integrity,
1079(5)
42 Alterations of the Integument in Children,
1084
Noreen Heer Nicol
Sue E. Huether
Acne Vulgaris,
1084(1)
Dermatitis,
1085(1)
Atopic Dermatitis,
1085(1)
Diaper Dermatitis,
1086(1)
Infections of the Skin,
1086(1)
Bacterial Infections,
1086(1)
Fungal Infections,
1087(1)
Viral Infections,
1088(3)
Insect Bites and Parasites,
1091(1)
Scabies,
1091(1)
Pediculosis (Lice Infestation),
1091(1)
Fleas,
1091(1)
Bedbugs,
1092(1)
Cutaneous Hemangiomas and Vascular Malformations,
1092(1)
Cutaneous Hemangiomas,
1092(1)
Cutaneous Vascular Malformations,
1093(1)
Other Skin Disorders,
1093(1)
Miliaria,
1093(1)
Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum,
1094
Understanding Pathophysiology: Study Guide
Unit 1: The Cell
1 Cellular Biology,
1(4)
2 Genes and Genetic Diseases,
5(4)
3 Epigenetics and Disease,
9(4)
4 Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology,
13(6)
5 Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases,
19(8)
Unit 2: Mechanisms of Self-Defense
6 Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing,
27(6)
7 Adaptive Immunity,
33(4)
8 Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense,
37(8)
9 Stress and Disease,
45(4)
Unit 3: Cellular Proliferation: Cancer
10 Biology of Cancer,
49(6)
11 Cancer Epidemiology,
55(4)
12 Cancer in Children and Adolescents,
59(4)
Unit 4: The Neurologic System
13 Structure and Function of the Neurologic System,
63(6)
14 Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function,
69(6)
15 Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function,
75(8)
16 Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction,
83(6)
17 Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children,
89(4)
Unit 5: The Endocrine System
18 Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation,
93(6)
19 Alterations of Hormonal Regulation,
99(6)
Unit 6: The Hematologic System
20 Structure and Function of the Hematologic System,
105(6)
21 Alterations of Hematologic Function,
111(8)
22 Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children,
119(4)
Unit 7: The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
23 Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems,
123(8)
24 Alterations of Cardiovascular Function,
131(8)
25 Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children,
139(6)
Unit 8: The Pulmonary System
26 Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System,
145(6)
27 Alterations of Pulmonary Function,
151(10)
28 Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children,
161(6)
Unit 9: The Renal and Urologic Systems
29 Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems,
167(6)
30 Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function,
173(6)
31 Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children,
179(4)
Unit 10: The Reproductive Systems
32 Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems,
183(4)
33 Alterations of the Female Reproductive System,
187(8)
34 Alterations of the Male Reproductive System,
195(4)
Unit 11: The Digestive System
35 Structure and Function of the Digestive System,
199(6)
36 Alterations of Digestive Function,
205(8)
37 Alterations of Digestive Function in Children,
213(4)
Unit 12: The Musculoskeletal and Integumentary Systems
38 Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System,
217(6)
39 Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function,
223(8)
40 Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children,
231(4)
41 Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument,
235(8)
42 Alterations of the Integument in Children,
243(6)
Answer Key,
249