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Unified Theory of Polarity Sensitivity: Comparative Syntax of Arabic [Hardback]

(Associate Professor of Arabic Linguistics, Georgetown University)
  • Formāts: Hardback, 258 pages, height x width x depth: 160x243x21 mm, weight: 499 g
  • Sērija : Oxford Studies in Comparative Syntax
  • Izdošanas datums: 30-Sep-2021
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0197554881
  • ISBN-13: 9780197554883
  • Hardback
  • Cena: 132,74 €
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  • Formāts: Hardback, 258 pages, height x width x depth: 160x243x21 mm, weight: 499 g
  • Sērija : Oxford Studies in Comparative Syntax
  • Izdošanas datums: 30-Sep-2021
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0197554881
  • ISBN-13: 9780197554883
Polarity sensitivity is a ubiquitous phenomenon involving expressions such as anybody, nobody, ever, never, somebody and their counterparts in other languages. These expressions belong to different classes such as negative and positive polarity, negative concord, and negative indefinites.

In this book, Ahmad Alqassas proposes a unified approach to the study of this phenomenon that relies on examining the interaction between the various types of polarity sensitivity, with a particular focus on Arabic. Alqassas shows that treating this interaction is fundamental for scrutinizing their
licensing conditions. Alqassas draws on data from Standard Arabic and the major regional dialects represented by Jordanian, Egyptian, Moroccan, and Qatari. Through the (micro)comparative approach, Alqassas explains the distributional contrasts with a minimal set of universal syntactic operations
such as Merge, Move, and Agree. He also considers a fine-grained inventory of negative formal features for polarity items and their licensors. These simple features paint a complex landscape of polarity and lead to important conclusions about syntactic computation.

By engaging with the rich but under-studied landscape of Arabic polarity sensitivity, this book provides a new perspective on the syntax-semantic interface and develops a unified syntactic analysis for polarity sensitivity. These contributions have important implications for the study of Arabic and
for syntactic theory more generally.
Acknowledgments vii
Abbreviations ix
1 Issues In The Syntax Of Polarity-Sensitive Items
1(36)
1.1 Introduction: Polarity-sensitive items
1(5)
1.2 Critical issues in PSI syntax
6(14)
1.2.1 NPI dependencies
6(3)
1.2.2 NCI dependencies
9(2)
1.2.3 Enclitic negation and locus of negation
11(6)
1.2.4 PSIs with head-like properties
17(3)
1.3 Sentential negation and PSI syntax
20(14)
1.3.1 Definition of sentential negation
20(4)
1.3.2 The locus of sentential negation
24(10)
1.4 Outline of the book
34(3)
2 Classification Of Psis And Their Lexical Categories
37(34)
2.1 NPIs, PPIs, and indefinites
40(17)
2.1.1 NPIs versus PPIs
40(5)
2.1.2 NPIs and their lexical categories
45(12)
2.2 NCIs and their lexical categories
57(8)
2.3 Disjunction particles in coordinate complexes
65(6)
3 Licensing Negative Polarity Items
71(36)
3.1 NPI licensing in the syntactic structure
71(6)
3.2 NPI analyses in Arabic
77(9)
3.3 Adverbial and determiner NPIs in Arabic
86(11)
3.4 Standard Arabic negation and NPI licensing
97(3)
3.5 Licensing Arabic PSIs in nonveridical contexts
100(7)
4 Licensing Negative Concord Items
107(64)
4.1 NCI licensing
107(30)
4.1.1 The NPI approach
112(1)
4.1.2 The NQ approach
113(1)
4.1.3 The lexical ambiguity approach
113(2)
4.1.4 NCI analyses in Arabic: Syntactic agreement approach
115(20)
4.1.5 NCI licensing and phase theory
135(2)
4.2 Licensing disjunction phrases and clauses
137(34)
4.2.1 Introduction and empirical generalizations
138(5)
4.2.2 Theoretical issues
143(3)
4.2.3 Compositional meaning of coordinate complexes
146(5)
4.2.4 Analysis of negative coordination by wala
151(1)
4.2.4.1 Status and locus of laa
152(2)
4.2.4.2 Status and locus of wala as an NCI and disjunction operator
154(5)
4.2.4.3 Ellipsis
159(1)
4.2.4.4 Bare argument ellipsis and coordinate complexes
160(8)
4.2.5 Conclusion
168(3)
5 Psis With Head-Like Properties
171(40)
5.1 Head-like PSIs as adverbs with phrasal projection
171(25)
5.1.1 Empirical generalizations
173(4)
5.1.2 The syntactic status of head-like PSIs
177(1)
5.1.2.1 Head-like PSIs as syntactic heads selecting a NegP
178(2)
5.1.2.2 Head-like PSIs as syntactic adverbs in Spec-XP
180(1)
5.1.3 Analysis of head-like PSIs as phrasal heads
181(2)
5.1.3.1 PSIs as XPs
183(3)
5.1.3.2 The NP subject preceding head-like PSIs
186(2)
5.1.4 Head-like PSIs as XPs: Licensing by negative constituents
188(7)
5.1.5 Conclusion
195(1)
5.2 Head-like PSIs and case licensing
196(15)
5.2.1 Distribution of PSIs with head-like properties
197(1)
5.2.2 Temporal adverbs and their complements
198(2)
5.2.3 Licensing non-nominative case in Arabic
200(2)
5.2.4 Proposal for accusative case licensing on complements of PSIs
202(9)
6 Summary And Conclusions
211(14)
6.1 The syntax of NPIs
213(2)
6.2 The syntax of negative indefinites
215(6)
6.3 The syntax of head-like PSIs
221(4)
Bibliography 225(14)
Index 239
Ahmad Alqassas is Associate Professor of Arabic Linguistics at Georgetown University. He is the author of A Multi-locus Analysis of Arabic Negation and his research interests include comparative syntax, syntactic theory, and Arabic linguistics.