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E-grāmata: Unlocking Contract Law

3.70/5 (11 ratings by Goodreads)
(University of Wolverhampton, UK)
  • Formāts: 496 pages
  • Sērija : Unlocking the Law
  • Izdošanas datums: 03-Jan-2014
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781134649044
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Unlocking Contract LawPalielināt
  • Formāts: 496 pages
  • Sērija : Unlocking the Law
  • Izdošanas datums: 03-Jan-2014
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781134649044
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"Contract law is a core element of all law degrees in England and Wales. Unlocking Contract Law will ensure you grasp the main concepts with ease. This book explains the facts and associated case law for: The rules regarding formation of contracts The contents of a contract Vitiating factors, factors which invalidate an otherwise validly formed contract The rules on discharge of contractual obligations Available remedies"--

"The Unlocking the Law series makes the law accessible. Each chapter contains activities such as quick quizzes and self-test questions, key facts charts to consolidate your knowledge and diagrams to aid learning. Cases, judgments and primary source quotations are prominently displayed. Summaries help you understand each chapter, there is a glossary of legal terminology. New features include problem questions with guidance on answering, as well as essay questions and answer plans, plus cases and materialsexercises. All titles in the series follow the same formula and include the same features so students can move easily from one subject to another. www.unlockingthelaw.co.uk provides free resources such as multiple choice questions, key questions and answers, revision mp3s and cases and materials exercises"--

Acknowledgements ix
Guide to the book xi
Preface xiii
List of figures xv
Table of cases xvii
Table of legislation and other instruments xxix
1 The Origins And Character Of Contract Law
1.1 The Origins And Functions Of The Law Of Contract
1(4)
1.1.1 Development Of The Law Of Contract
1(1)
1.1.2 The Purposes Of Contract Law
2(1)
1.1.3 The Character Of Modern Contracts
3(2)
1.1.4 The Reasons That Contracts Are Enforced
5(1)
1.2 The Concept Of Freedom Of Contract
5(2)
1.3 Contract Law Compared With Other Areas Of Law
7(1)
1.3.1 Contract Law Compared With Tort
7(1)
1.3.2 The Interrelationship Between Contract Law And Tort
7(1)
1.3.3 Contract Law Compared With Criminal Law
7(1)
1.4 Contract Law And The Protection Of Consumers
8(1)
1.5 The Effects On Contract Law Of Membership Of The EU
9(1)
1.6 Contract Law And Other Jurisdictions
10(3)
2 Formation Of A Contract: Offer And Acceptance
2.1 Formation Of Contracts And The Concept Of Agreement
13(1)
2.2 Offer
14(18)
2.2.1 The Character Of An Offer
14(1)
2.2.2 Distinguishing Offer From Invitation To Treat
15(1)
2.2.3 Examples Of Krivitation To Treat
16(3)
2.2.4 Situations Which Are Not Invitation To Treat
19(5)
2.2.5 Communicating The Offer
24(1)
2.2.6 Certainty
25(2)
2.2.7 Revocation Of Offers
27(3)
2.2.8 Termination Of Offer
30(2)
2.3 Acceptance
32(10)
2.3.1 The Role Of Acceptance In Agreement
32(1)
2.3.2 The Basic Rules Of Acceptance
32(4)
2.3.3 Communication Of The Acceptance
36(6)
2.4 The 'Battle Of The Forms' And Associated Problems
42(7)
3 Formation Of A Contract: Consideration
3.1 The Origins And Character Of Consideration
49(2)
3.1.1 The Origins, Nature And Purpose Of Consideration
49(1)
3.1.2 Defining 'Consideration'
50(1)
3.1.3 Executed And Executory Consideration
51(1)
3.2 The Basic Rules Of Consideration
51(7)
3.2.1 Adequacy And Sufficiency Of Consideration
51(3)
3.2.2 Consideration Moving From The Promisee: The Connection With Privity
54(1)
3.2.3 Past Consideration And The Exception In Lampleigh V Braithwaite
55(3)
3.3 Consideration And The Performance Of Existing Duties
58(10)
3.3.1 The Basic Rule
58(1)
3.3.2 The Exceptions To The Basic Rule
59(3)
3.3.3 The Exception In Williams V Roffey
62(2)
3.3.4 The Significance Of Williams V Roffey
64(4)
3.4 Part-Payment Of A Debt, Pinnel's Rule, And The Doctrine Of Promissory Estoppel
68(9)
4 Formation Of A Contract: Intention To Create Legal Relations
4.1 The Character And Purpose Of The Rule
77(1)
4.2 Social And Domestic Agreements
78(2)
4.3 Commercial And Business Dealings
80(9)
5 Form
5.1 Simple Contracts, Speciality Contracts And The Requirement For Formalities
89(1)
5.2 Agreements Which Must Be In The Form Of A Deed To Be Valid
90(1)
5.3 Contracts Which Must Be In Writing To Be Valid
90(1)
5.4 Agreements Needing Evidence In Writing To Be Valid
91(2)
6 The Obligations Under A Contract: Terms
6.1 Pre-Contractual Statements And Representations
93(7)
6.1.1 The Negotiation Stage
93(1)
6.1.2 Types Of Representation And Their Consequences
94(4)
6.1.3 The Process Of Defining And Distinguishing The Express Terms
98(2)
6.2 Express Terms
100(8)
6.2.1 The Nature Of Express Terms
100(1)
6.2.2 The Process Of Incorporating Express Terms
100(1)
6.2.3 Factors Relevant To Incorporating Terms
100(5)
6.2.4 The 'Parol Evidence' Rule
105(3)
6.3 Implied Terms
108(15)
6.3.1 The Process Of Implying Terms Into A Contract
108(1)
6.3.2 Terms Implied By Fact
109(6)
6.3.3 Terms Implied By Common Law
115(1)
6.3.4 Terms Implied By Statute
116(7)
6.4 The Relative Significance Of Terms
123(4)
6.4.1 Introduction
123(1)
6.4.2 Conditions
124(1)
6.4.3 Warranties
125(1)
6.4.4 Innominate Terms
125(2)
6.5 The Construction Of Terms
127(8)
7 The Obligations Under A Contract: Exclusion And Limitation Clauses
7.1 Definition And Scope Of Exclusion Clauses And Limitation Clauses
135(1)
7.2 Judicial Control Of Exemption Clauses
136(20)
7.2.1 Incorporation Of Exemption Clauses
136(8)
7.2.2 Construction Of The Contract
144(7)
7.2.3 Other Limitations On The Use Of Exemption Clauses
151(5)
7.3 Statutory Control Of Exemption Clauses
156(13)
7.3.1 The Scope Of Statutory Regulation
156(1)
7.3.2 The Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977
157(6)
7.3.3 The Unfair Terms In Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999
163(6)
8 Void And Voidable Contracts
8.1 The Nature Of Vitiating Factors
169(1)
8.2 Void Contracts
170(1)
8.3 Voidable Contracts
170(1)
8.4 Classes Of Vitiating Factors
170(3)
9 Vitiating Factors: Misrepresentation
9.1 Introduction
173(1)
9.2 When A Misrepresentation Occurs
174(6)
9.3 The Classes Of Misrepresentation And Their Remedies
180(10)
9.3.1 Fraudulent Misrepresentation
180(3)
9.3.2 Negligent Misrepresentation
183(4)
9.3.3 Innocent Misrepresentation
187(3)
9.4 Equity And Misrepresentation
190(2)
9.5 Non-Disclosure Amounting To Misrepresentation
192(5)
10 Vitiating Factors: Mistake
10.1 Introduction
197(2)
10.2 Common Mistake
199(7)
10.2.1 Res Extincta (Subject-Matter Does Not Exist)
199(2)
10.2.2 Res Sua (Ownership In Different Hands)
201(1)
10.2.3 Common Mistake As To Quality Of The Bargain
201(5)
10.3 Mutual Mistake
206(1)
10.4 Unilateral Mistake
207(8)
10.4.1 Introduction
207(1)
10.4.2 Mistaken Terms
207(1)
10.4.3 Mistaken Identity
208(2)
10.4.4 Mistaken Identity And Face-To-Face Dealing
210(5)
10.5 The Effects Of Equity
215(6)
10.5.1 The Intervention Of Equity
215(1)
10.5.2 Rescission
215(1)
10.5.3 Refusal Of Specific Performance
216(1)
10.5.4 Rectification Of Documents
217(1)
10.5.5 The Effects Of Great Peace
218(3)
10.6 Non Est Factum
221(6)
11 Vitiating Factors: Duress And Undue Influence
11.1 Introduction
227(1)
11.2 Duress
228(2)
11.3 Economic Duress
230(5)
11.4 Undue Influence
235(26)
11.4.1 The Traditional Classes
235(2)
11.4.2 The Refinement Of The Traditional Classes
237(2)
11.4.3 The Classes Of Undue Influence After O'brien
239(6)
11.4.4 The Position After Etridge
245(4)
11.4.5 The Effects Of Pleading Undue Influence
249(1)
11.4.6 The Effect Of Undue Influence On Third Parties
250(11)
12 Vitiating Factors: Illegality And Unenforceable Contracts
12.1 Introduction
261(1)
12.2 Contracts Void By Statute
262(1)
12.2.1 Restrictive Trade Practices
262(1)
12.3 Contracts Illegal By Statute
263(3)
12.3.1 Contracts Illegal On Formation
264(1)
12.3.2 Contracts Illegal In Their Performance
265(1)
12.4 Contracts Void At Common Law
266(12)
12.4.1 Contracts To Avoid The Jurisdiction Of The Courts
266(1)
12.4.2 Contracts Prejudicial To Family Life
267(1)
12.4.3 Contracts In Restraint Of Trade
267(11)
12.5 Contracts Illegal At Common Law And The Role Of Policy
278(5)
12.6 The Consequences Of A Contract Being Declared Void
283(3)
12.6.1 At Common Law
284(2)
12.6.2 By Statute
286(1)
12.7 The Consequences Of A Contract Being Declared Illegal
286(9)
12.7.1 Illegal On Formation
286(3)
12.7.2 Illegal On Performance
289(6)
13 Third Party Rights And The Doctrine Of Privity
13.1 The Doctrine Of Privity Of Contract
295(3)
13.1.1 The Basic Rule
295(2)
13.1.2 Consequences And Problems Associated With The Rule
297(1)
13.2 The Exceptions To The Basic Rule
298(11)
13.2.1 Introduction
298(1)
13.2.2 Statutory Exceptions
298(1)
13.2.3 Trust Law
299(1)
13.2.4 Restrictive Covenants
300(2)
13.2.5 Privity Of Estate In Leases
302(1)
13.2.6 The Rule In Dunlop V Lambert
302(2)
13.2.7 Procedural Rules
304(1)
13.2.8 Actions On Behalf Of A Third Party Beneficiary And The So-Called 'Holiday Cases'
305(2)
13.2.9 Protecting Third Parties In Exclusion Clauses
307(1)
13.2.10 Collateral Contracts
308(1)
13.3 Agency, Assignment And Negotiable Instruments
309(8)
13.3.1 Introduction
309(1)
13.3.2 Agency
309(6)
13.3.3 Assignment
315(1)
13.3.4 Negotiable Instruments
316(1)
13.4 Statutory Intervention And The Contracts (Rights Of Third Parties) Act 1999
317(6)
14 Capacity
14.1 The Nature And Purpose Of Capacity
323(1)
14.2 Capacity And Minors' Contracts
324(9)
14.2.1 The Basic Principle Of Minority
324(1)
14.2.2 The Character And Purpose Of Rules On Minority
324(1)
14.2.3 Contracts Valid Or Enforceable Against Minors
324(4)
14.2.4 Contracts Voidable By Minors
328(2)
14.2.5 Contracts Void And Unenforceable Against Minors
330(1)
14.2.6 Minors' Contracts And The Role Of Equity
331(2)
14.3 Capacity And Mentally Disordered Persons
333(1)
14.4 Capacity And Drunkenness
334(1)
14.5 The Capacity Of Corporations
334(9)
14.5.1 The Different Types Of Corporation
335(1)
14.5.2 The Ultra Vires Doctrine
335(2)
14.5.3 Statutory Controls
337(6)
15 Discharge Of A Contract
15.1 Introduction
343(1)
15.2 Discharge By Performance
344(8)
15.2.1 The Strict Rule Of Performance And Its Application
344(3)
15.2.2 The Exceptions To The Strict Rule
347(3)
15.2.3 Stipulations As To Time Of Performance
350(2)
15.3 Discharge By Agreement
352(4)
15.3.1 Bilateral Agreements
352(1)
15.3.2 Unilateral Agreements
353(3)
15.4 Discharge By Frustration
356(16)
15.4.1 The Purpose And Development Of The Doctrine
356(2)
15.4.2 The Classifications Of Frustrating Events
358(5)
15.4.3 The Limitations On The Doctrine Of Frustration
363(4)
15.4.4 The Common Law Effects Of Frustration
367(1)
15.4.5 Statutory Effects Under The Law Reform (Frustrated Contracts) Act 1943
368(4)
15.5 Discharge By Breach
372(13)
15.5.1 The Fundamental Nature Of Breach Of Contract
372(1)
15.5.2 The Different Types Of Breach
373(2)
15.5.3 The Different Consequences Of Breach Of Contract
375(10)
16 Remedies In Contract Law
16.1 Common Law Remedies
385(20)
16.1.1 Introduction
385(2)
16.1.2 Unliquidated Damages
387(1)
16.1.3 Tests Of Causation And Remoteness Of Damage
388(5)
16.1.4 The Bases Of Assessment
393(5)
16.1.5 The Duty To Mitigate
398(1)
16.1.6 The 'Mental Distress' Cases
399(3)
16.1.7 Liquidated Damage Clauses
402(3)
16.2 Equitable Remedies
405(16)
16.2.1 Introduction
405(1)
16.2.2 Specific Performance
406(3)
16.2.3 Injunctions
409(3)
16.2.4 Rescission
412(3)
16.2.5 Rectification Of A Document
415(6)
17 Quasi-Contract
17.1 Introduction
421(2)
17.2 Actions To Recover Payments Made
423(5)
17.2.1 Actions To Recover Payments Where There Is A Total Failure Of Consideration
423(1)
17.2.2 Actions To Recover Payments Made Under A Mistake Of Fact
424(2)
17.2.3 Actions To Recover Payments Made Under A Mistake Of Law
426(2)
17.3 Actions To Recover On A Quantum Meruit Basis
428(5)
Appendices 433(8)
Glossary of terms 441(4)
Index 445
Chris Turner is a qualified barrister and Senior Lecturer in law at Wolverhampton University. He has taught law at all levels and is an experienced author whose other titles include Key Facts: Contract Law and Key Cases: Contract Law, also published by Hodder Education. He is Series Editor of Unlocking the Law, Key Facts and Key Cases, all published by Hodder Education.
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