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UV-B Radiation: From Environmental Stressor to Regulator of Plant Growth [Hardback]

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  • Formāts: Hardback, 352 pages, height x width x depth: 246x173x20 mm, weight: 816 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 21-Apr-2017
  • Izdevniecība: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 1119143608
  • ISBN-13: 9781119143604
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UV-B Radiation: From Environmental Stressor to Regulator of Plant GrowthPalielināt
  • Formāts: Hardback, 352 pages, height x width x depth: 246x173x20 mm, weight: 816 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 21-Apr-2017
  • Izdevniecība: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 1119143608
  • ISBN-13: 9781119143604
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9781119143604.html
Keywords:
Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) is electromagnetic radiation coming from the sun, with a medium wavelength which is mostly absorbed by the ozone layer. The biological effects of UV-B are greater than simple heating effects, and many practical applications of UV-B radiation derive from its interactions with organic molecules. It is considered particularly harmful to the environment and living things, but what have scientific studies actually shown?

UV-B Radiation: From Environmental Stressor to Regulator of Plant Growth presents a comprehensive overview of the origins, current state, and future horizons of scientific research on ultraviolet-B radiation and its perception in plants. Chapters explore all facets of UV-B research, including the basics of how UV-B's shorter wavelength radiation from the sun reaches the Earth's surface, along with its impact on the environment's biotic components and on human biological systems. Chapters also address the dramatic shift in UV-B research in recent years, reflecting emerging technologies, showing how historic research which focused exclusively on the harmful environmental effects of UV-B radiation has now given way to studies on potential benefits to humans. Topics include:





UV-B and its climatology UV-B and terrestrial ecosystems Plant responses to UV-B stress UB- B avoidance mechanisms UV-B and production of secondary metabolites Discovery of UVR8

Timely and important, UV-B Radiation: From Environmental Stressor to Regulator of Plant Growth is an invaluable resource for environmentalists, researchers and students who are into the state-of-the-art research being done on exposure to UV-B radiation.
List of Contributors xv
Preface xix
1 An Introduction to UV-B Research in Plant Science 1(8)
Rachana Singh
Parul Parihar
Samiksha Singh
MPWB Singh
Vijay Pratap Singh
Sheo Mohan Prasad
1.1 The Historical Background
1(1)
1.2 Biologically Effective Irradiance
2(1)
1.3 UV-B-induced Effects in Plants
3(2)
1.4 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
5(1)
Acknowledgements
6(1)
References
6(3)
2 Stimulation of Various Phenolics in Plants Under Ambient UV-B Radiation 9(48)
Marija Vidoyic
Filis Morina
Sonja Veljovic Joyanoyic
2.1 Introduction
9(1)
2.2 UV-B Radiation
10(2)
2.3 Phenolics
12(6)
2.3.1 Chemistry of Phenolic Compounds
13(1)
2.3.2 Biosynthesis and Subcellular Localization of Phenolics
13(2)
2.3.3 Functions of Phenolic Compounds Depend on Their Localization
15(3)
2.4 UV-B Radiation Stimulates Phenolic Induction
18(13)
2.4.1 Mechanisms of UV-B Perception
18(2)
2.4.2 UV-B-Induced Accumulation of Phenolic Compounds
20(9)
2.4.3 Interactive Effects of UV-B with UV-A Radiation and PAR on Phenolics Accumulation
29(1)
2.4.4 Interactive Effects of UV-B Radiation with other Environmental Factors on Phenolics Accumulation
30(1)
2.5 UV-B-Induced Photomorphological Responses
31(2)
2.5.1 Connection Between UV-B-Induced Morphological Responses and Phenolics
32(1)
2.5.2 Effect of UV-B Radiation on Root Morphology in Relation to Phenolics
33(1)
2.6 Photosynthesis Under UV-B Radiation
33(4)
2.6.1 Interplay of Phenolics and Photosynthesis Under UV-B Radiation
34(3)
2.7 UV-B Radiation Induces Phenolics Accumulation in Fruits
37(1)
2.8 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
38(1)
References
39(18)
3 UV-B Radiation: A Reassessment of its Impact on Plants and Crops 57(8)
Krystyna Zuk-Golaszewska
3.1 Introduction
57(1)
3.2 Plant Production
58(2)
3.3 Plant Protection Against UV-B
60(1)
References
60(5)
4 Interaction of UV-B with the Terrestrial Ecosystem 65(10)
Rohit Kumar Mishra
Sanjesh Tiwari
Sheo Mohan Prasad
4.1 Introduction
65(1)
4.2 Growth and Development
66(1)
4.3 Secondary Metabolites
67(1)
4.4 Susceptibility to Herbivorous Insects
67(1)
4.5 Plant Sexual Reproduction
67(1)
4.6 Genomic Level
68(1)
4.7 Conclusion
69(1)
References
70(5)
5 A Review on Responses of Plants to UV-B Radiation Related Stress 75(24)
Sonika Sharma
Soumya Chatterjee
Sunita Kataria
Juhie Joshi
Sibnarayan Datta
Mohan G. Vairale
Vijay Veer
5.1 Introduction
75(1)
5.2 Morphological and Yield Response to UV-B
76(3)
5.3 Targets of UV-B in the Carbon Fixation Cycle
79(1)
5.4 Photoreceptors and Signalling Pathway in Response to UV-B Radiation
80(2)
5.5 Acclimatization and Protection in Response to UV-B
82(1)
5.6 Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant System in Response to UV-B
82(1)
5.7 DNA Damage and Repair Mechanism
83(2)
5.8 Exclusion of UV Components: Experimental Approach to Study the Effect on Plants
85(1)
5.9 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
86(1)
Acknowledgement
87(1)
References
87(12)
6 Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Defence System in Plants in Response to UV-B Stress 99(24)
Sunita Kataria
6.1 Introduction
99(2)
6.2 Plant Protection Against UV Radiation
101(2)
6.3 UV-B and ROS
103(1)
6.4 UV-B and Antioxidant Enzymes
104(3)
6.5 UV-B and Antioxidant
107(1)
6.6 UV-B and Signalling
108(2)
6.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
110(1)
References
111(12)
7 Major Influence on Phytochrome and Photosynthetic Machinery Under UV-B Exposure 123(20)
Anita Singh
Gausiya Bashri
Sheo Mohan Prasad
7.1 Introduction
123(1)
7.2 Photomorphogenesis in Higher Plants
124(4)
7.2.1 Phytochrome System and its Interaction with UV-B
124(1)
7.2.2 Photomorphogenic Responses of UV-B
125(2)
7.2.3 UV-B Signal Transduction (UVR8)
127(1)
7.3 Effect of UV-B Exposure on Photosynthetic Machinery
128(7)
7.3.1 Direct Effects of UV- B on Photosynthetic Machinery
128(4)
7.3.1.1 Effects of UV-B Stress on Components Involved in Light Reaction
128(1)
7.3.1.2 Effect of UV-B Stress on Photosystems and Cytochrome b6/f Complex
129(3)
7.3.2 Indirect Effect of UV-B Stress on Components Involved in Dark Reaction
132(1)
7.3.2.1 Impact on Regulation of Stomata and Rubisco Enzyme
132(1)
7.3.3 UV-B induced ROS Production in Plants
133(1)
7.3.4 Protective Adaptation
133(2)
7.4 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
135(1)
References
136(7)
8 UV-B Radiation-Induced Damage of Photosynthetic Apparatus of Green Leaves: Protective Strategies vis-a-vis Visible and/or UV-A Light 143(12)
Padmanava Joshi
8.1 Introduction
143(1)
8.2 UV-B Effects on the Photosynthetic Apparatus of Leaves
143(2)
8.3 UV-A Effects on Photosynthetic Apparatus of Leaves (Damage and Promotion)
145(1)
8.4 UV-A-Mediated Modulation of UV-B-Induced Damage
145(1)
8.5 PAR-Mediated Balancing of UV-B-Induced Damage
146(1)
8.6 Photosynthetic Adaptation and Acclimation to UV-B Radiation
146(1)
8.7 Corroboration with Sensible Approach
147(2)
8.8 Conclusion
149(1)
Acknowledgements
149(1)
References
149(6)
9 Ultraviolet Radiation Targets in the Cellular System: Current Status and Future Directions 155(20)
Parul Parihar
Rachana Singh
Samiksha Singh
MPWB Singh
Vijay Pratap Singh
Sheo Mohan Prasad
9.1 Introduction
155(1)
9.2 Absorption Characteristics of Biomolecules
156(1)
9.3 Action Spectrum
156(1)
9.4 Targets of UV-B
157(6)
9.4.1 Interaction with Nucleic acids
157(2)
9.4.1.1 Deoxyribonucleic Acids
158(1)
9.4.1.2 Ribonucleic Acids
159(1)
9.4.2 Proteins
159(4)
9.4.2.1 Tryptophan (Trp)
160(1)
9.4.2.2 Tyrosine (Tyr)
160(2)
9.4.2.3 Phenylalanine (Phe)
162(1)
9.4.2.4 Histidine (His)
162(1)
9.5 The Photosynthetic Machinery
163(4)
9.5.1 Photosystem I and II
164(1)
9.5.2 The Light-Harvesting Complexes
165(2)
9.6 Cell Division and Expansion
167(1)
9.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
168(1)
Acknowledgements
169(1)
References
169(6)
10 Silicon: A Potential Element to Combat Adverse Impact of UV-B in Plants 175(22)
Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
Shweta
Shweta Singh
Vaishali Yadav
Namira Arif
Swati Singh
Nawal Kishor Dubey
Devendra Kumar Chauhan
10.1 Introduction
175(3)
10.2 The Role of Silicon Against UV-B Exposure on Morphology of Plants
178(1)
10.3 The Defensive Role of Silicon Against UV-B Exposure on Physiological and Biochemical Traits of Plants
179(1)
10.4 Silicon Repairs Anatomical Structures of Plants Damaged by UV-B Exposures
180(1)
10.5 UV-B-induced Oxidative Stress and Silicon Supplementation in Plants
181(2)
10.6 Silicon Supplementation and the Status of Antioxidant Enzymes in Plants Exposed to UV-B
183(1)
10.7 Silicon and Level of Phenolic Compounds Under UV-B Stress
184(2)
10.8 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
186(1)
References
187(10)
11 Sun-Screening Biomolecules in Microalgae: Role in UV-Photoprotection 197(20)
Rajesh P. Rastogi
Ravi R. Sonani
Aran Incharoensakdi
Datta Madamwar
11.1 Introduction
197(1)
11.2 Global Climate Change and UV Radiation
198(1)
11.3 Effects of UV Radiation on Microalgae
199(2)
11.4 UV-induced Defence Mechanisms
201(1)
11.5 Sun-Screening Biomolecules as Key UV Photoprotectants
201(5)
11.5.1 Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids (MAAs)
202(2)
11.5.2 Scytonemin
204(2)
11.6 UV-Induced Biosynthesis
206(1)
11.7 Photoprotective Function
207(1)
11.8 Conclusion
208(1)
Acknowledgements
208(1)
References
208(9)
12 Plant Response: UV-B Avoidance Mechanisms 217(42)
Sunil K. Gupta
Marisha Sharma
Farah Deeba
Vivek Pandey
12.1 Introduction
217(2)
12.2 Ultraviolet Radiation: Common Source, Classification and Factors
219(1)
12.2.1 Common Sources of UVR
219(1)
12.2.2 Classification
219(1)
12.2.3 Environmental Factors Affecting UV Level
220(1)
12.3 UV-B and Human Health
220(1)
12.3.1 Effects on the Skin
220(1)
12.3.2 Effects on the Eyes
220(1)
12.4 UV-B and Plant Responses
220(14)
12.4.1 Morphological Responses
220(2)
12.4.1.1 Visible Symptoms
220(1)
12.4.1.2 Plant Growth and Leaf Phenology
221(1)
12.4.1.3 Reproductive Morphology
222(1)
12.4.1.4 UV-B-induced photomorphogenesis
222(1)
12.4.2 Leaf Ultrastructure and Anatomy
222(1)
12.4.3 Crop Yield
223(2)
12.4.4 Photosynthesis
225(1)
12.4.4.1 Pigments
225(1)
12.4.4.2 Photosynthetic Machinery
225(1)
12.4.5 Biochemical Responses
226(1)
12.4.5.1 ROS Production in Plants
226(1)
12.4.5.2 Free Radical Scavenging Mechanism
227(1)
12.4.6 Molecular Responses
227(7)
12.4.6.1 UV-B and Genes
227(1)
12.4.6.1.1 Genes Damaged by UV Radiation
228(1)
12.4.6.1.2 DNA Damage
228(2)
12.4.6.2 UV and Proteins
230(1)
12.4.6.2.1 Amino acids
231(3)
12.5 UV-B Avoidance and Defence Mechanism
234(6)
12.5.1 Avoidance at Morphological Level
234(1)
12.5.1.1 Epicuticular Waxes
234(1)
12.5.2 Avoidance at Biochemical Level
235(1)
12.5.2.1 Possible Role of Pectin Endocytosis in UV-B Avoidance
235(1)
12.5.3 Avoidance at the Molecular Level
236(2)
12.5.3.1 DNA Repair
236(1)
12.5.3.2 Genes and Avoidance
237(1)
12.5.3.3 UV-B perceived by UVR8 Strongly Inhibits Shade Avoidance
237(1)
12.5.4 UV-B and Secondary Metabolites
238(2)
12.5.4.1 Plant Phenolics
238(1)
12.5.4.2 Anthocyanin
239(1)
12.5.4.3 Alkaloids
240(1)
12.5.4.4 Isoprenoids
240(1)
12.5.4.5 Glucosinolates
240(1)
12.6 UV-B and its Significance
240(2)
12.6.1 Ecological Significance
240(1)
12.6.2 UV-B and Plant Competition
241(1)
12.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
242(1)
Acknowledgments
243(1)
References
244(15)
13 Impact of UV-B Exposure on Phytochrome and Photosynthetic Machinery: From Cyanobacteria to Plants 259(20)
Shivam Yadav
Alok Kumar Shrivastava
Chhavi Agrawal
Sonia Sen
Antra Chatterjee
Shweta Rai
Ruchi Rai
Shilpi Singh
L.C. Rai
13.1 Introduction
259(1)
13.2 Effect of UV-B Irradiation on Photosynthetic Machinery of Cyanobacteria
260(2)
13.2.1 Pigments
260(1)
13.2.2 Photosynthetic Electron Transport System
261(1)
13.2.3 Photophosphorylation and CO2 Fixation
262(1)
13.3 Effect of UV-B Irradiation on Photosynthetic Machinery of Algae
262(2)
13.4 Effect of UV-B Irradiation on Photosynthetic Machinery of Higher Plants
264(4)
13.4.1 Pigments
264(1)
13.4.1.1 Phytochrome
264(1)
13.4.1.2 Chlorophylls, Carotenoids and Other Pigments
265(1)
13.4.2 Photosystem II
265(2)
13.4.2.1 Oxygen-evolving Complex
266(1)
13.4.2.2 Plastoquinones and Redox-active Tyrosines
266(1)
13.4.2.3 D1 and D2 Proteins
267(1)
13.4.3 Photosystem I
267(1)
13.4.4 Cytochrome b6/f Complex, ATP Synthase and Rubisco
267(1)
13.4.5 Net Photosynthesis
268(1)
13.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
268(1)
Acknowledgements
268(1)
References
269(10)
14 Discovery of UVR8: New Insight in UV-B Research 279(10)
Shivam Yadav
Neelam Atri
14.1 Introduction
279(1)
14.2 Photoperception in Plants
280(1)
14.3 Discovery of UVR8: UV-B Photoreceptor
280(1)
14.4 UVR8 Structure
281(2)
14.4.1 Salt Bridge Interactions Mediate UVR8 Dimerization
281(1)
14.4.2 Chromophore and Key Tryptophan Residues
281(2)
14.5 Physiological Roles of UVR8
283(1)
14.5.1 Photomorphogenic Response Regulation by UVR8
283(1)
14.5.2 Regulation of Flavonoid Biosynthesis
284(1)
14.5.3 Plant-Pathogen and Plant-Herbivore Interactions
284(1)
14.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
284(1)
References
285(4)
15 UVR8 Signalling, Mechanism and Integration with other Pathways 289(20)
Antra Chatterjee
Alok Kumar Shrivastava
Sonia Sen
Shweta Rai
Shivam Yadav
Ruchi Rai
Shilpi Singh
L.C. Rai
15.1 Introduction
289(1)
15.2 UVR8-Arbitrated Signalling
290(3)
15.2.1 Constitutively Photomorphogenic 1 (COP1)
290(1)
15.2.2 Elongated Hypocotyl 5 (HY5) and HYH
291(1)
15.2.3 Repressor of UV-B Photomorphogenesis 1 (RUP1)and RUP2
292(1)
15.3 Molecular Mechanism of Photoreceptor-Mediated Signalling
293(3)
15.4 UVR8 Involvements in Different Pathways
296(5)
15.4.1 Protection from Photo-Inhibition and Photo Oxidative Stress
297(1)
15.4.2 Flavonoid and Alkaloid Pathways
298(1)
15.4.3 DNA Damage Repair
299(1)
15.4.4 Defence Against Pathogens
299(1)
15.4.5 Inhibition of Plant Shade Avoidance
300(1)
15.4.6 Regulation of Leaf Morphogenesis
300(1)
15.4.7 Regulation of Root Growth and Development
300(1)
15.4.8 Circadian Clock
301(1)
15.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
301(1)
Acknowledgements
302(1)
References
302(7)
Index 309
ABOUT THE EDITORS VIJAY PRATAP SINGH is Assistant Professor, Govt. Ramanuj Pratap Singhdev Post Graduate College, Chhattisgarh, India.

SAMIKSHA SINGH is Research Scholar, Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, India.

SHEO MOHAN PRASAD is Professor, Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, India.

PARUL PARIHAR is Research Scholar, Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, India.