Atjaunināt sīkdatņu piekrišanu

E-grāmata: Wax Deposition: Experimental Characterizations, Theoretical Modeling, and Field Practices

3.00/5 (2 ratings by Goodreads)
(Assured Flow Solutions LLC, Sugar Land, Texas, USA), (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA), (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA)
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
  • Formāts - EPUB+DRM
  • Cena: 60,11 €*
  • * ši ir gala cena, t.i., netiek piemērotas nekādas papildus atlaides
  • Ielikt grozā
  • Pievienot vēlmju sarakstam
  • Šī e-grāmata paredzēta tikai personīgai lietošanai. E-grāmatas nav iespējams atgriezt un nauda par iegādātajām e-grāmatām netiek atmaksāta.
Wax Deposition: Experimental Characterizations, Theoretical Modeling, and Field PracticesPalielināt
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:

DRM restrictions

  • Kopēšana (kopēt/ievietot):

    nav atļauts

  • Drukāšana:

    nav atļauts

  • Lietošana:

    Digitālo tiesību pārvaldība (Digital Rights Management (DRM))
    Izdevējs ir piegādājis šo grāmatu šifrētā veidā, kas nozīmē, ka jums ir jāinstalē bezmaksas programmatūra, lai to atbloķētu un lasītu. Lai lasītu šo e-grāmatu, jums ir jāizveido Adobe ID. Vairāk informācijas šeit. E-grāmatu var lasīt un lejupielādēt līdz 6 ierīcēm (vienam lietotājam ar vienu un to pašu Adobe ID).

    Nepieciešamā programmatūra
    Lai lasītu šo e-grāmatu mobilajā ierīcē (tālrunī vai planšetdatorā), jums būs jāinstalē šī bezmaksas lietotne: PocketBook Reader (iOS / Android)

    Lai lejupielādētu un lasītu šo e-grāmatu datorā vai Mac datorā, jums ir nepieciešamid Adobe Digital Editions (šī ir bezmaksas lietotne, kas īpaši izstrādāta e-grāmatām. Tā nav tas pats, kas Adobe Reader, kas, iespējams, jau ir jūsu datorā.)

    Jūs nevarat lasīt šo e-grāmatu, izmantojot Amazon Kindle.

Wax Deposition: Experimental Characterizations, Theoretical Modeling, and Field Practices covers the entire spectrum of knowledge on wax deposition. The book delivers a detailed description of the thermodynamic and transport theories for wax deposition modeling as well as a comprehensive review of laboratory testing for the establishment of appropriate field control strategies.

Offering valuable insight from academic research and the flow assurance industry, this balanced text:

  • Discusses the background of wax deposition, including the cause of the phenomenon, the magnitude of the problem, and its impact on petroleum production
  • Introduces laboratory techniques and theoretical models to measure and predict key parameters of wax precipitation, such as the wax appearance temperature and the wax precipitation curve
  • Explains how to conduct and interpret laboratory experiments to benchmark different wax deposition models, to better understand wax deposition behaviors, and to predict wax deposit growth for the field
  • Presents various models for wax deposition, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of each and evaluating the differences between the assumptions used
  • Provides numerous examples of how field management strategies for wax deposition can be established based on laboratory testing and modeling work

Wax Deposition: Experimental Characterizations, Theoretical Modeling, and Fieldaids flow assurance engineers in identifying the severity and controlling the problem of wax deposition. The book also shows students and researchers how fundamental principles of thermodynamics, heat, and mass transfer can be applied to solve a problem common to the petroleum industry.

Recenzijas

" covers the entire spectrum of knowledge on wax deposition. It not only introduces the background, basic concepts, experiments, modeling, and field operations of wax deposition, but also presents the latest research achievements and trends in this field. Highly valuable for researchers and engineers." Jinjun Zhang, China University of Petroleum - Beijing

"A useful methodological approach for tackling industrial wax deposition problems is clearly conveyed in this work, encompassing fundamental theory, scale-up, as well as practical application. An unassuming pedagogical style, supported by uncluttered illustrations, allows the reader to quickly absorb and master the smorgasbord of non-trivial intricacies which accompany wax deposition analysis." Kristofer Gunnar Paso, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim

" covers nearly every aspect of wax deposition-related research, from fluid analysis and deposition measurements to thermodynamic modeling, kinetic deposition modeling, and field application. Engineers and researchers in the area of flow assurance will benefit a lot from this book. This could also inspire students, researchers in the field of transport phenomena, and thermodynamics and process engineers to further explore the remaining challenges." Shuxin Hou, Statoil, Stavanger, Norway

"At last, a powerful tool for the flow assurance engineer. All we need to know on wax deposition is gathered in a sole work." Thierry Palermo, Total S.A., Paris, France

Series Preface ix
Preface xiii
Authors xv
1 Introduction 1(8)
1.1 Background of Wax Deposition
1(4)
1.2 Overview of Wax Testing, Modeling, and Management
5(4)
2 Experimental Characterization of Important Wax Thermodynamic Properties 9(32)
2.1 Introduction
9(1)
2.2 Determination of the WAT
10(20)
2.2.1 Visual Inspection
12(2)
2.2.2 CPM Techniques
14(3)
2.2.3 Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
17(2)
2.2.4 Viscometry
19(2)
2.2.5 Thermal Techniques-DSC
21(5)
2.2.6 Comparison between Different WAT Measurements
26(3)
2.2.7 Other Techniques That Are Under Development
29(1)
2.3 Determination of the WPC
30(8)
2.3.1 Differential Scanning Calorimetry
30(3)
2.3.2 Characterization of WPC Using NMR
33(1)
2.3.3 Characterization of WPC Using FT-IR
34(1)
2.3.4 Separation-Based Methods for WPC Determination
35(3)
2.4 Experimental Techniques for the Characterization of Precipitated Wax
38(2)
2.5 Summary
40(1)
3 Thermodynamic Modeling of Wax Precipitation 41(26)
3.1 Introduction
41(1)
3.2 Fundamental Thermodynamics of Wax Precipitation
42(2)
3.3 Step 1 in Thermodynamic Modeling: Construction of the Thermodynamic Equations
44(5)
3.4 Step 2 in Thermodynamic Modeling: Simplification of Thermodynamic Equations
49(7)
3.4.1 Wax Thermodynamic Models Assuming Single Solid Phase
51(4)
3.4.2 Wax Thermodynamic Models Considering Multiple Solid Phases by Empirical Approaches: The Conoco and Lira-Galeana Models
55(1)
3.5 Coutinho's Thermodynamic Model-A Theoretically Comprehensive Thermodynamic Model
56(2)
3.6 Industrial Practice of Wax Thermodynamic Modeling
58(6)
3.6.1 Fluid Characterization: Preprocessing of Thermodynamic Modeling
58(5)
3.6.2 Model Tuning: Postprocessing of Thermodynamic Modeling
63(1)
3.7 Extended Applications of Wax Thermodynamic Models
64(2)
3.8 Summary
66(1)
4 Wax Deposition Modeling 67(24)
4.1 Wax Deposition Mechanisms
67(2)
4.2 Molecular Diffusion as the Main Mechanism for Wax Deposition
69(4)
4.2.1 Step 1: Precipitation of Dissolved Wax Molecules
69(1)
4.2.2 Step 2: Formation of Radial Concentration Gradient of Dissolved Waxy Components
70(1)
4.2.3 Step 3: Deposition of Waxy Components on the Surface of an Existing Deposit
71(1)
4.2.4 Step 4: Internal Diffusion and Precipitation of Waxy Components in the Deposit
71(2)
4.3 Overview of Wax Deposition Modeling
73(3)
4.3.1 Wax Deposition Modeling Algorithm
73(1)
4.3.2 Overview of Various Wax Deposition Models
74(2)
4.3.2.1 Industrialized Commercial Wax Deposition Models
74(1)
4.3.2.2 Academic Wax Deposition Models
75(1)
4.4 Detailed Comparison of Different Wax Deposition Models
76(14)
4.4.1 Model Dimensions
76(1)
4.4.2 Hydrodynamics in the Wax Deposition Models
77(1)
4.4.3 Heat Transfer Equations and Correlations
78(2)
4.4.4 Mass Transfer and Deposit Growth Rate Calculations for the Wax Deposition Models
80(3)
4.4.4.1 Mathematical Representation of the Molecular Diffusion Mechanism
80(2)
4.4.4.2 Simplification of Wax Deposition Mechanisms
82(1)
4.4.5 Determining the Mass Flux
83(8)
4.4.5.1 Diffusion Coefficient of Wax in Oil, D wax
83(1)
4.4.5.2 Difference in the Concentration of Dissolved Waxy Components in the Bulk Oil and at the Wall, (Coil-Cwall)
84(2)
4.4.5.3 Thickness of the Mass Transfer Layer, δmass transfer
86(4)
4.5 Summary
90(1)
5 Introduction to Wax Deposition Experiments 91(16)
5.1 Importance of Experimental Applications
91(1)
5.2 Wax Deposition Flow Loop
91(3)
5.2.1 Conditioning System and Pump System
91(2)
5.2.2 Test Section
93(1)
5.3 Deposit Characterization
94(9)
5.3.1 Measurement of the Deposit Thickness
94(7)
5.3.1.1 Pressure-Drop Technique
94(3)
5.3.1.2 Weight Measurement Technique
97(1)
5.3.1.3 Heat Transfer Technique
97(3)
5.3.1.4 Liquid Displacement-Level Detection Technique
100(1)
5.3.1.5 Other Less Frequently Applied Techniques
100(1)
5.3.2 Composition Analysis of the Wax Deposit
101(2)
5.4 Cold-Finger Wax Deposition Apparatus
103(1)
5.5 Carrying Out Flow-Loop Wax Deposition Experiments
104(3)
5.5.1 Setup of Experimental Apparatus
104(1)
5.5.2 Oil Characterization
105(1)
5.5.3 Wax Deposition Tests
105(1)
5.5.4 Measurement of Deposit Thickness and Characterization of Wax Deposits
105(2)
6 Applying Wax Deposition Models to Flow Loop Experiments 107(24)
6.1 Introduction
107(1)
6.2 Uncertainties in Wax Deposition Modeling
107(3)
6.2.1 Characterizing the Wax Precipitation Curves
108(1)
6.2.2 Empirical Correlations for Transport Phenomena
108(1)
6.2.3 Uncertainties in Experimental Measurements
109(1)
6.2.4 Appropriate Methodology for Wax Deposition Benchmarking
109(1)
6.3 Applying Wax Deposition Models with Deposit Thickness
110(7)
6.3.1 Selecting Wax Deposition Experiments
110(4)
6.3.1.1 Experimental Facility
110(1)
6.3.1.2 Test Oil
110(1)
6.3.1.3 Experimental Conditions
111(3)
6.3.2 Summary of Model Performance
114(3)
6.4 Heat and Mass Transfer Analysis of the Wax Deposition Experiments
117(10)
6.4.1 Previous Wax Deposition Experiments on the Effect of Temperature
117(1)
6.4.2 Theoretical Analysis
118(4)
6.4.2.1 Dedimensionalizing the Transport Equations
118(2)
6.4.2.2 Characteristic Mass Flux of Wax Deposition
120(1)
6.4.2.3 Mass Transfer Driving Force
121(1)
6.4.3 Effect of the Operating Temperatures
122(9)
6.4.3.1 Analysis on the North Sea Condensate
122(1)
6.4.3.2 Analysis on Another Oil
123(2)
6.4.3.3 Importance of the Wax Precipitation Curve
125(1)
6.4.3.4 Carbon Number Distribution of the Oil
126(1)
6.5 Applying Wax Deposition Models to Investigate Deposit Compositions
127(2)
6.6 Summary
129(2)
7 Applying Wax Deposition Models for Field Predictions 131(18)
7.1 Introduction
131(3)
7.1.1 Wax Control Strategies for the Field
131(2)
7.1.2 Evaluating the Severity of Wax Deposition: The Ideal vs. the Reality
133(1)
7.2 Example 1-Single-Phase Pipe Flow
134(6)
7.2.1 Introduction
134(1)
7.2.2 Wax Thermodynamic Characterizations
135(1)
7.2.3 Deposition Predictions and Pigging Frequency Design
136(4)
7.3 Example 2-Gas/Oil Flow
140(5)
7.3.1 Introduction
140(1)
7.3.2 Wax Thermodynamic Characterization
141(2)
7.3.3 Deposition Predictions and Pigging Frequency Design
143(2)
7.4 Summary
145(1)
7.4.1 Wax Thermodynamic Characterizations
145(1)
7.4.2 Wax Deposition Modeling
146(1)
7.5 Future Outlook
146(3)
7.5.1 Improving Field Characterization Techniques
147(1)
7.5.2 Collaboration between Industrial Partners
147(1)
7.5.3 Develop More Rigorous Wax Deposition Modeling for Multiphase Flow Conditions
147(2)
Bibliography 149(10)
Appendix A: Nomenclature 159(4)
Index 163
Zhenyu Huang (Jason) earned his bachelors degree from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, and his Ph.D from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA. Dr. Huangs expertise includes production chemistry and multiphase flows. As a subject matter expert on wax-related issues, he has been involved with multiple major offshore developments that present wax deposition/gelation concerns. He is currently a senior flow assurance specialist at Assured Flow Solutions LLC, Sugar Land, Texas, USA, and serves as the vice president of the Upstream Engineering and Flow Assurance Section of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers.

Sheng Zheng (Mark) graduated summa cum laude from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA with a bachelors degree in chemical engineering and minors in chemistry and mathematics. He is currently a doctoral candidate in Dr. Foglers research group, specializing in experimental characterizations and theoretical modeling for wax deposition research. He has multiple publications on compositional wax deposition modeling and wax transport in multiphase flow conditions. As flow assurance intern at Wood Group Kenny, Houston, Texas, USA, he carried out a joint-industrial project to assess industrial wax management and control strategies for 11 international oil companies.

H. Scott Fogler earned his bachelors degree from the University of Illinois and his masters and Ph.D degrees from the University of Colorado. He is currently the Ame and Catherine Vennema professor of chemical engineering and the Arthur F. Thurnau professor at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA. Dr. Fogler and his students have published more than 200 research articles in areas such as wax deposition/gelation kinetics in subsea pipelines, asphaltene flocculation/deposition kinetics, scale deposition, and acidization of petroleum wells. In 1996, Dr. Fogler was a recipient of the Warren K. Lewis award from the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AlChE). He is also a recipient of 11 named lectureships, the author of a textbook titled Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, and the past president of the AlChE.
Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/97814987601196e.html
Keywords: