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E-grāmata: Why Democracies Develop and Decline

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Edited by , Edited by (Universitetet i Oslo), Edited by (University of Notre Dame, Indiana), Edited by (Göteborgs Universitet, Sweden)
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 23-Jun-2022
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781009086004
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Why Democracies Develop and DeclinePalielināt
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 23-Jun-2022
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781009086004
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Drawing on very extensive new data from the Varieties of Democracy project, this volume presents and evaluates the most prominent theories of democratization and democratic decline and sets out the global history of the development of democracy over the last two centuries.

The Varieties of Democracy project (V-Dem) pioneered new ways to conceptualize and measure democracy, producing a multidimensional and disaggregated data set on democracy around the world that is now widely used by researchers, activists, and governments. Why Democracies Develop and Decline draws on this data to present a comprehensive overview and rigorous empirical tests of the factors that contribute to democratization and democratic decline, looking at economic, social, institutional, geographic, and international factors. It is the most authoritative and encompassing empirical analysis of the causes of democratization and reversals. The volume also proposes a comprehensive theoretical framework and presents an up-to-date description of global democratic developments from the French Revolution to the present. Each chapter leverages the specialized expertise of its authors, yet their sustained collaboration lends the book an unusually unified approach and a coherent theory and narrative.

Recenzijas

'[ T]his volume, with its rich findings and theoretical framework, is certain to become a go-to reference for scholars of democratization and democratic survival.' Alex M. Kroeger, Perspectives on Politics

Papildus informācija

Evaluates the most important explanations for democratization and democratic decline, using new global data extending across modern history.
List of Figures
ix
List of Tables
xii
List of Tables in Appendices
xiii
Acknowledgements xv
1 V-Dem Reconsiders Democratization
1(28)
Michael Coppedge
Amanda B. Edgell
Carl Henrik Knutsen
Staffan I. Lindberg
1.1 Motivations for This Volume
4(3)
1.2 Setting the Stage
7(2)
1.3 Improving Data
9(2)
1.4 Varieties of Democracy Data
11(4)
1.5 Methodological Considerations
15(2)
1.6 Democracy as Outcome: Four Dependent Variables
17(6)
1.7 Overview
23(6)
2 The Ups and Downs of Democracy, 1789-2018
29(26)
Carl Henrik Knutsen
Svend-Erik Skaaning
2.1 Introduction
29(3)
2.2 V-Dem Data
32(2)
2.3 Trends in Electoral Democracy
34(9)
2.4 Trends in Subcomponents of Electoral Democracy
43(5)
2.5 Trends in Thicker Aspects of Democracy
48(5)
2.6 Conclusion
53(2)
3 Long-Run Factors
55(25)
John Gerring
3.1 Geography
56(5)
3.1.1 Climate
56(1)
3.1.2 Irrigation
57(1)
3.1.3 Agriculture
57(2)
3.1.4 Mountains
59(1)
3.1.5 Islands
59(1)
3.1.6 Natural Harbors
60(1)
3.1.7 Tests
60(1)
3.2 Islam
61(5)
3.3 Europeans
66(5)
3.3.1 Colonialism
68(1)
3.3.2 Religion
68(1)
3.3.3 Language
69(1)
3.3.4 Demography
70(1)
3.3.5 Tests
71(1)
3.4 Population
71(3)
3.4.1 Tests
73(1)
3.5 Diversity
74(4)
3.5.1 Tests
76(2)
3.6 Conclusions
78(2)
4 International Influence: The Hidden Dimension
80(39)
Michael Coppedge
Benjamin Denison
Paul Friesen
Lucia Tiscornia
Yang Xu
4.1 Rationale
82(1)
4.2 Theoretical Framework
83(6)
4.3 Methodological Considerations
89(3)
4.4 Our Hypotheses
92(2)
4.4.1 Exogenous Shocks
92(1)
4.4.2 Endogenous Influences
93(1)
4.5 Operationalizing the Hypotheses
94(5)
4.5.1 The Dependent Variable and the Sample
94(1)
4.5.2 Exogenous Shocks
94(1)
4.5.3 Endogenous Hypotheses
95(2)
4.5.4 Controls
97(2)
4.6 Estimation
99(2)
4.7 Results
101(4)
4.8 Interpretation
105(12)
4.8.1 LRSS Estimates
106(7)
4.8.2 Dynamic Trends
113(2)
4.8.3 Map of Frontline Contagion Zones
115(2)
4.9 Conclusions
117(2)
5 Economic Determinants
119(42)
Carl Henrik Knutsen
Sirianne Dahlum
5.1 Introduction
119(3)
5.2 Extant Research on Economic Determinants of Democracy
122(31)
5.2.1 Economic Development
122(11)
5.2.2 Structural Features of the Economy
133(6)
5.2.3 Short-Term Economic Changes
139(7)
5.2.4 Inequality
146(7)
5.3 Comprehensive Analysis and Discussion
153(5)
5.4 Conclusion
158(3)
6 Political Institutions and Democracy
161(24)
Allen Hicken
Samuel Baltz
Fabricio Vasselai
6.1 Institutions and Democracy
163(7)
6.1.1 State Capacity
164(1)
6.1.2 Executive Regime Type
165(3)
6.1.3 Parties and Party Systems
168(2)
6.2 Data and Methods
170(2)
6.2.1 Dependent Variable
170(1)
6.2.2 Independent Variables
170(2)
6.3 Results and Analysis
172(11)
6.3.1 Survival Analysis
172(9)
6.3.2 Pooled Time Series Results
181(2)
6.4 Conclusion
183(2)
7 Democracy and Social Forces
185(30)
Michael Bernhard
Amanda B. Edgell
7.1 Introduction
185(1)
7.2 Social Forces, Incorporation, and Democracy
186(2)
7.3 Civil Society and Democracy
188(2)
7.3.1 Contentious Politics as a Catalyst
188(1)
7.3.2 Civil Society and Organized Interests
189(1)
7.4 Theoretical Expectations
190(2)
7.5 Research Design
192(8)
7.5.1 Measuring Civil Society Organizational Capacity
193(3)
7.5.2 Measuring Civil Society Mobilization
196(1)
7.5.3 Measuring Democracy
197(1)
7.5.4 Control Variables
198(1)
7.5.5 Estimation Strategy
199(1)
7.6 Results
200(13)
7.6.1 Civil Society Organizational Capacity
200(3)
7.6.2 Civil Society Anti-System Mobilization Using V-Dem
203(4)
7.6.3 Civil Society Mobilization Using NAVCO
207(6)
7.7 Discussion and Conclusions
213(2)
8 Causal Sequences in Long-Term Democratic Development and Decline
215(47)
Michael Coppedge
Amanda B. Edgell
Carl Henrik Knutsen
Staffan I. Lindberg
8.1 Overview of Arguments
219(8)
8.2 Empirical Models of Sequences
227(5)
8.3 Modeling Levels of Electoral Democracy
232(9)
8.4 Modeling Upturns in Electoral Democracy
241(7)
8.5 Modeling Downturns in Electoral Democracy
248(9)
8.6 Caveats
257(1)
8.7 A Revised Understanding of Democratization
258(4)
Appendices
262(85)
Appendix 3 Variable Definitions
262(85)
Appendix 4.A Modeling Spatial Dependence
265(3)
Appendix 4.B Other Networks
268(2)
Appendix 4.C Estimation
270(2)
Appendix 4.D Descriptive Information
272(3)
Appendix 6.A Details on Variables and Analysis
275(3)
Appendix 6.B Cox Hazard Models
278(3)
Appendix 7.A Details of Measurement and Analysis
281(12)
Appendix 7.B Supplemental Tables and Figures
293(32)
Appendix 8.A Structural Equations
325(3)
Appendix 8.B Variable Descriptions
328(3)
Appendix 8.C Additional Path Models
331(16)
Bibliography 347
Michael Coppedge is Professor of Political Science at the University of Notre Dame. He is a principal investigator of the Varieties of Democracy project, the author of Democratization and Research Methods (2012), and co-author of Varieties of Democracy: Measuring Two Centuries of Political Change (2020). Amanda B. Edgell is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Alabama. She works on the politics of regime transformation, authoritarianism, political inclusion, and African politics. Her work has appeared in several peer-reviewed journals, including the British Journal of Political Science, European Journal of Political Research, Democratization, and African Studies Review. Carl Henrik Knutsen is Professor of Political Science at the University of Oslo and leads the Comparative Institutions and Regimes (CIR) research group. He is also Research Professor at PRIO, and a principal investigator of Varieties of Democracy and several research projects, including an ERC Consolidator Grant on autocratic politics, and co-author of Varieties of Democracy: Measuring Two Centuries of Political Change (2020). Staffan I. Lindberg is Professor of Political Science and Director of the V-Dem Institute at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden. He is a principal Investigator of the Varieties of Democracy project as well as several other projects, a Wallenberg Academy Fellow, author of Democracy and Elections in Africa (2006), and co-author of Varieties of Democracy: Measuring Two Centuries of Political Change (2020).
Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām
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