Preface |
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xxi | |
Acknowledgments |
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xxvii | |
1 Political Inquiry |
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1 | (25) |
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The Art of Political Inquiry Defined |
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1 | (2) |
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2 | (1) |
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Professional Methods of Investigation |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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The Process of Political Inquiry |
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4 | (8) |
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Problem Solving, Learning, and Writing |
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5 | (1) |
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The Author's Argument: The Nature of Assertions |
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6 | (1) |
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Social Media and the Art of Agreement and Disagreement |
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6 | (2) |
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The Author's Evidence: Supporting an Argument with Data |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (3) |
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Professionalism, Ethical Considerations, and Plagiarism |
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12 | (14) |
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Controversies About Plagiarism |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (2) |
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Reasons Plagiarism is Wrong |
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15 | (1) |
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Reasons Plagiarism Happens |
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16 | (1) |
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What Sources Must Be Referenced or Acknowledged? |
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17 | (1) |
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Secondary Sources of Information |
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17 | (1) |
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Unique or Distinctive Words or Sets of Words |
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17 | (1) |
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Electronic Sources of All Types |
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18 | (1) |
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Student Researchers' Manuscripts |
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18 | (1) |
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What Sources Do Not Have to Be Referenced or Acknowledged? |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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How to Avoid Plagiarizing Due to Mistakes and Confusion |
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19 | (7) |
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Avoiding Plagiarism in the Research Process: Set up a Binder! |
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19 | (4) |
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Avoiding Plagiarism in the Writing Process |
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23 | (14) |
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23 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
2 Critical Thinking: The Cornerstone of Political Inquiry |
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26 | (25) |
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26 | (2) |
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Critical Thinking Defined |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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Critical Thinking and Reasoning |
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28 | (2) |
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Political Inquiry and Inductive Reasoning |
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28 | (1) |
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Political Inquiry and Deductive Reasoning |
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29 | (1) |
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Common Problems in Critical Thinking |
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30 | (5) |
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30 | (1) |
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Logical Failings in Argumentation |
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31 | (4) |
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Tips for Critical Thinking |
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35 | (5) |
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Biases That Influence Arguments and Evidence |
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35 | (1) |
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Summary Checklist for Reading or Writing Critically |
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36 | (1) |
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Detailed Set of Questions to Ask About the Author's Argument and Evidence |
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37 | (14) |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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Reading Critically to Write Critically |
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40 | (3) |
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Analysis of Political Argument |
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43 | (8) |
3 Topic Selection |
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51 | (11) |
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51 | (3) |
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51 | (1) |
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Objects: Things That Can Be Seen Physically |
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52 | (1) |
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Concepts: Things That are Believed, Acknowledged |
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52 | (1) |
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Tips for Choosing a Topic |
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53 | (1) |
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Examples of Topics by Subfield |
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54 | (8) |
4 Locating Research Materials Using Indexes, Databases, the Internet, and Mobile Sources |
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62 | (39) |
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Characteristics of Sources Used in Research Papers |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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Distinguishing Between Types of Information |
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63 | (6) |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (5) |
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Popular Media, Mass Media, and Media Sites (Commercial and Nonprofit Sources) |
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64 | (1) |
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Quality Professional Publications and Law Reviews |
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65 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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Retrieval Systems for Locating Sources |
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69 | (11) |
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69 | (2) |
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70 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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71 | (3) |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (1) |
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72 | (2) |
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74 | (6) |
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74 | (3) |
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77 | (1) |
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77 | (2) |
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79 | (1) |
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Saving Materials from the Web |
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79 | (1) |
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Selecting the Right Search Tools for Locating Research Materials |
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80 | (8) |
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The Information Time Line |
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80 | (1) |
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81 | (7) |
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82 | (1) |
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Scholarly Journal Literature |
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82 | (2) |
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Quality Professional Publications |
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84 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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Popular or Mass Media (News) |
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87 | (1) |
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87 | (1) |
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Research Strategies for Locating Sources: A Simulation |
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88 | (8) |
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Step One: Review Expectations of the Assignment and Choose a Topic |
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88 | (1) |
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Step Two: Find Background Information |
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89 | (1) |
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Step Three: Write a Preliminary Research Hypothesis or Question |
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90 | (1) |
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Step Four: Identify Types of Sources Needed for the Project |
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91 | (1) |
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Step Five: Build a Set of Search Terms |
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91 | (1) |
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Step Six: Searching in Relevant Indexes, Databases, and Internet Sites |
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92 | (2) |
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Step Seven: Examine the Bibliographies of Materials Retrieved |
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94 | (2) |
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Evaluating the Quality and Reliability of Sources |
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96 | (5) |
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Examine the Author's or Source's Credentials |
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96 | (1) |
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Assess the Accuracy of the Information |
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97 | (1) |
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Assess the Objectivity of the Source |
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98 | (1) |
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Identify the Timeliness of the Source or Data Used in the Source |
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98 | (1) |
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Identify the Focus of the Source |
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99 | (1) |
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Identify the Purpose of the Content |
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99 | (1) |
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Identify the Origins of the Data |
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99 | (2) |
5 Creating Evidence with Primary and Secondary Data |
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101 | (36) |
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Secondary Sources of Quantitative Data |
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101 | (4) |
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102 | (1) |
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102 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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International and Comparative Nations Data |
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103 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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Professional and Special Interest Organizations |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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ICPSR (Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research) |
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104 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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National Opinion Research Center (NORC) |
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105 | (1) |
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Roper Center for Public Opinion Research |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (11) |
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Creating Data from Original Text Documents |
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106 | (1) |
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Creating Data from Direct Observation/Field Research |
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107 | (2) |
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Creating Data from Personal Interviews |
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109 | (1) |
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Creating Data from Focus Groups |
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110 | (2) |
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Creating Data from Questionnaires or Surveys |
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112 | (4) |
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A Primer on Qualitative Data Reduction Methods |
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116 | (8) |
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116 | (1) |
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117 | (3) |
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120 | (4) |
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120 | (2) |
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Concept Model/Map-Based Classification Data |
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122 | (1) |
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Typology Based on Classification Data |
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123 | (1) |
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A Primer on Quantitative Data Reduction Methods |
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124 | (6) |
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124 | (3) |
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Format for Constructing a Data Table |
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124 | (1) |
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125 | (2) |
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127 | (3) |
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Types of Graphical Displays |
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127 | (1) |
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Format of Graphic Displays |
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127 | (1) |
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Interpreting Graphic Displays |
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128 | (2) |
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A Primer on Data Analysis |
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130 | (7) |
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Data Reduction with Simple Descriptive Statistics |
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130 | (2) |
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Data Reduction Using Statistical Methods |
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132 | (5) |
6 Properties of a Good Essay or Research Paper |
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137 | (21) |
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Maintaining Coherence and Cohesion within a Document |
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138 | (2) |
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Logical Paragraph Organization |
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138 | (1) |
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Dynamic Concision: The Art of Being Concise |
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138 | (1) |
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Signaling Devices for Cohesion |
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139 | (1) |
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List of Transitional Expressions |
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139 | (1) |
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Recognizing and Writing a Good Thesis Sentence |
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140 | (1) |
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Functions of a Thesis Sentence |
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140 | (1) |
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Requirements of a Thesis Sentence |
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141 | (1) |
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Writing a Thesis Sentence for an Essay or Essay Test |
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141 | (2) |
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141 | (1) |
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Common Problems in Answering Essay Questions |
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141 | (2) |
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142 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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Descriptive or Historical (DH) |
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142 | (1) |
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Writing a Thesis Sentence for a Research Paper |
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143 | (4) |
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Formulating a Thesis Sentence for a Research Paper |
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143 | (3) |
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Tips for Writing a Thesis Sentence for Papers with Specific Requirements |
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144 | (2) |
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Common Problems in Constructing a Thesis Sentence |
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146 | (1) |
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146 | (1) |
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146 | (1) |
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Too Factual or Obvious (TF) |
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146 | (1) |
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Recognizing and Writing a Good Paragraph |
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147 | (6) |
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147 | (1) |
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Properties of a Topic Sentence |
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148 | (1) |
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Properties of an Introductory or Opening Paragraph |
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148 | (1) |
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Advice for Constructing Introductory Paragraphs |
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149 | (1) |
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Properties of a Concluding Paragraph |
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149 | (2) |
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Advice for Constructing Concluding or Closing Paragraphs |
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150 | (1) |
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Properties of a Paragraph in the Body of the Paper |
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151 | (1) |
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Tips for Reasoning Once the Topic Sentence Has Been Placed in a Paragraph |
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151 | (1) |
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Topic Sentence Placed at the Beginning of a Paragraph |
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152 | (1) |
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Topic Sentence Placed at the End of a Paragraph |
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152 | (1) |
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Advice for Constructing Paragraphs |
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153 | (5) |
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Always Use a Topic Sentence |
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153 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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Common Problems in Constructing Paragraphs |
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154 | (2) |
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154 | (1) |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (1) |
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156 | (1) |
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First Aid for Bad Paragraphs |
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156 | (2) |
7 Common Problems with Writing |
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158 | (16) |
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Common Stylistic Problems |
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158 | (6) |
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Misinterpreting the Audience |
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158 | (2) |
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159 | (1) |
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Linguistic Bias and Diversity |
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160 | (3) |
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163 | (1) |
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Common Errors: Proofreading the Manuscript |
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164 | (5) |
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Proof for typographical, spelling, usage, and grammatical errors |
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165 | (4) |
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How to Use a Writing Center |
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169 | (2) |
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What Writing Centers Offer |
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169 | (1) |
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What Writing Centers Will Not Do |
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169 | (1) |
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Using the Writing Center or Online Writing Lab (OWL) |
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169 | (1) |
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Online Commercial/Nonprofit Writing Help |
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170 | (1) |
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What to Do About Writer's Block |
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171 | (3) |
8 Practices and Expectations for Manuscript Format |
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174 | (20) |
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Criteria for Grading a Research Paper |
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174 | (2) |
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Minimum Requirements for Receiving Credit |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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Standard Presentation of an Assignment |
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175 | (1) |
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Format and Placement of Items in the Paper or Essay |
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176 | (18) |
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176 | (1) |
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Placement of Items in the Manuscript |
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177 | (1) |
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Format for the Title Page |
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177 | (1) |
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Format for the Table of Contents or List of Tables and Figures |
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178 | (2) |
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180 | (1) |
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Tips for Writing an Abstract |
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181 | (1) |
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Format for an Executive Summary |
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181 | (2) |
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Tips for Writing an Executive Summary |
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183 | (1) |
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Format for Headings and Subheadings |
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183 | (2) |
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Format for Referencing and Placement of Tables and Figures Not Embedded in Text |
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185 | (1) |
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Format for Referencing and Placement of Tables and Figures Embedded in Text |
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185 | (2) |
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Format and Placement for Quotations |
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187 | (1) |
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188 | (2) |
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Format and Placement for Citations or References |
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190 | (2) |
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Format and Placement for Explanatory Notes |
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192 | (2) |
9 Referencing Styles for Author-Date and Footnote/Endnote Systems |
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194 | (43) |
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Structure for Endnote and Footnote Citations |
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194 | (6) |
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Content and Punctuation for Footnotes and Endnotes |
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195 | (2) |
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Examples of Footnotes and Endnotes Used for Reference Citations |
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197 | (3) |
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Structure for Parenthetical or Author-Date Citations System |
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200 | (2) |
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Format for the Author-Date Citation System Reference Page |
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202 | (2) |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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Automatically Formatted Reference Page/Bibliography Software |
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203 | (1) |
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Content and Punctuation for Author-Date Reference Page |
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204 | (4) |
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Common Reference Page Formats for Author-Date Citations |
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208 | (1) |
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The Chicago Manual of Style Author-Date Reference Examples |
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208 | (29) |
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APSA Style Reference Examples |
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217 | (6) |
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APA Style Reference Examples |
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223 | (7) |
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MLA Style Reference Examples |
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230 | (7) |
10 Format and Examples of Activities to Enhance Comprehension and Synthesis of Class Materials |
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237 | (28) |
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Writing Analytical Essays |
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237 | (5) |
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Writing Political Editorials |
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242 | (4) |
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242 | (1) |
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242 | (4) |
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Analytical Multiple-Choice Exams |
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246 | (4) |
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Tips for Answering Analytical Multiple-Choice Questions |
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246 | (4) |
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250 | (2) |
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Scholarly Literature Review Presentations |
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252 | (4) |
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Tips for Writing a Literature Review Presentation |
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252 | (1) |
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Literature Presentation Form |
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253 | (3) |
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Media Applications Illustrating Course Materials |
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256 | (9) |
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Tips for Writing a Media Application Paper |
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256 | (9) |
11 Format and Examples of Assignments for Managing and Processing Information |
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265 | (46) |
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Assignments for Managing and Processing Information |
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265 | (46) |
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List of Special Assignments Described in this Chapter |
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265 | (1) |
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266 | (4) |
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Purpose of an Annotated Bibliography |
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266 | (1) |
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Four Properties of an Annotated Bibliography |
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266 | (4) |
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270 | (1) |
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Purpose of Book Review Assignments |
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270 | (1) |
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How to Write a Book Review |
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270 | (9) |
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Tips for Writing a Book Review |
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271 | (8) |
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279 | (3) |
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Purpose of Briefing a Case |
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279 | (1) |
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Understanding Court Decisions |
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279 | (1) |
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280 | (1) |
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Format for Briefing a Case |
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280 | (2) |
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282 | (7) |
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Purpose of a Research Proposal |
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282 | (1) |
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How to Write a Research Proposal |
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282 | (2) |
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Format for a Research Proposal |
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284 | (5) |
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289 | (7) |
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289 | (1) |
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How to Construct a Topic or Sentence Outline |
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289 | (7) |
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MEMCON (Memorandum of Conversation) |
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296 | (4) |
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296 | (1) |
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How to Construct a MEMCON |
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296 | (4) |
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Standard Research Presentations |
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300 | (6) |
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Standard Presentation Form |
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300 | (6) |
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306 | (7) |
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PowerPoint Presentation: Rules of Etiquette |
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306 | (1) |
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Accessible PowerPoint Presentations |
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306 | (5) |
12 Format and Examples of Conventional Research Papers |
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311 | (57) |
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Formulas for Adapting Standard Methods to Different Subfields |
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312 | (1) |
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Writing a Literature Review |
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313 | (13) |
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Purpose of Literature Reviews |
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314 | (1) |
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How to Write a Literature Review |
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314 | (12) |
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Writing a Comparative Study |
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326 | (8) |
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Comparative Papers on Two or More Objects or People |
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326 | (1) |
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Comparative Papers on Two or More Ideas or Theories |
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326 | (1) |
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Papers That Compare Responses to Issues by Two Subjects or Objects |
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327 | (7) |
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334 | (9) |
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334 | (9) |
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343 | (11) |
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How to Write a Position Paper |
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343 | (11) |
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354 | (14) |
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Purpose of Process Tracing |
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354 | (1) |
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How to Write a Process-Tracing Paper |
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355 | (13) |
13 Format and Examples of Assignments Requiring Special Techniques |
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368 | (97) |
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Writing Techniques for Specialized Research Papers |
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369 | (1) |
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369 | (25) |
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Analysis of Legislation Writing Guide and Checkoff Sheet |
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369 | (25) |
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394 | (30) |
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Policy Evaluation Writing Guide and Checkoff Sheet |
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394 | (30) |
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Conducting a Needs Assessment |
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424 | (16) |
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Needs Assessment Writing Guide and Checkoff Sheet |
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424 | (16) |
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440 | (25) |
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Policy Recommendation Writing Guide and Checkoff Sheet |
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440 | (25) |
14 Format and Examples of Assignments with Appropriate Formatting for Professional Communication |
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465 | (70) |
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Formatting for Professional Communication |
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466 | (1) |
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Posting to Social Media and Websites |
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466 | (2) |
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How to Write a Professional Public Posting |
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467 | (1) |
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468 | (5) |
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How to Construct a Policy Memo |
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469 | (4) |
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473 | (12) |
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How to Write an Analytical Case Study |
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473 | (12) |
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Problem-Solving Case Studies |
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485 | (5) |
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How to Write a Problem-Solving Case Study |
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485 | (5) |
|
Participant Observation and Internship Report |
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490 | (11) |
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Guidelines for Writing an Internship Report |
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490 | (11) |
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501 | (14) |
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How to Construct a Grant Proposal |
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501 | (1) |
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Annotated Template for Formal Grant Proposals: Nonspecific Request for Proposal (RFP) |
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|
502 | (1) |
|
General Guidelines and Checklists for Grant Proposals |
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503 | (12) |
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515 | (20) |
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How to Construct a Project Report |
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|
515 | (20) |
15 Format and Examples of Assignments Organizing and Documenting Achievements for Career Development |
|
535 | (32) |
|
Professional Portfolio or Dossier |
|
|
535 | (14) |
|
Compiling a Curriculum Vitae |
|
|
537 | (4) |
|
|
541 | (5) |
|
Autobiographical Essay/Personal Statement/Statement of Purpose |
|
|
546 | (3) |
|
Using LinkedIn and Other Professional Profiles |
|
|
549 | (1) |
|
Tips for Personalizing a LinkedIn Account |
|
|
549 | (1) |
|
What to Do with Official Transcripts |
|
|
550 | (2) |
|
|
552 | (3) |
|
Format for the Cover Letter |
|
|
552 | (1) |
|
|
552 | (3) |
|
Letters of Intent or Inquiry |
|
|
555 | (1) |
|
Follow-Up after Submitting Applications |
|
|
555 | (3) |
|
Writing in Political Science and Employability Skills |
|
|
558 | (8) |
|
Writing in Political Science and Beyond |
|
|
559 | (1) |
|
|
560 | (6) |
|
Tips for Finding Graduate or Professional Schools |
|
|
564 | (1) |
|
Tips for Finding Jobs Using Political Science Writing Skills |
|
|
565 | (1) |
|
|
566 | (1) |
Text Acknowledgments |
|
567 | (10) |
|
Reprinted by Permission from Books and Websites |
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
Student Manuscripts Reprinted by Permission |
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
|
568 | (9) |
Index |
|
577 | |