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E-grāmata: Young Sun, Early Earth and the Origins of Life: Lessons for Astrobiology

  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 11-Jan-2013
  • Izdevniecība: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783642225529
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  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 11-Jan-2013
  • Izdevniecība: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783642225529
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- How did the Sun come into existence?
- How was the Earth formed?
- How long has Earth been the way it is now, with its combination of oceans and continents?
- How do you define "life"?
- How did the first life forms emerge?
- What conditions made it possible for living things to evolve?

All these questions are answered in this colourful textbook addressing graduate students in "Origins of Life" courses and the scientifically interested public. The authors take the reader on an amazing voyage through time, beginning five thousand million years ago in a cloud of interstellar dust and ending five hundred million years ago, when the living world that we see today was finally formed. A chapter on exoplanets provides an overview of the search for planets outside the solar system, especially for habitable ones.
The appendix closes the book with a glossary, a bibliography of further readings and a summary of the Origins of the Earth and life in 7 boxes.

Recenzijas

From the reviews:





This book is a great source of information that nicely links up everything that you need to know about in astrobiology, and its accompanied by many schematics and illustrations that help a lot in understanding the text, as well it comes with a very helpful glossary in the end of the book. (Kadri Tinn, AstroMadness.com, February, 2014)

The book focuses on the chronology of events that led to the appearance of life on Earth, from the formation of the solar system by inert matter 4,57 billion years (4.57 Ga) ago to the Cambrian explosion of lifeforms, 540 million years ago, when the living world that we see today was finally formed. The colorful new. amazing textbook is intended for undergraduate students of any field of natural sciences and engineering, and for any scientifically interested reader at all. (Claudia-Veronika Meister, zbMATH, Vol. 1279, 2014)

Chapter 1 The Formation of the Sun and Planets
1(36)
The Sun's Protoplanetary Infancy
8(14)
From Disks to Planets
22(15)
Chapter 2 Formation and Early Infancy of the Earth
37(24)
The Rapid Differentiation of a Metallic Nucleus: The Core
40(6)
Opening a Protective Umbrella: the Birth of the Earth's Magnetic Field
46(1)
A Partially Molten Earth: the Magma Ocean Assumption
46(7)
The Birth of the Outer Shells: The Atmosphere and the Hydrosphere
53(6)
The Conclusion: a Planet That Was Undoubtedly Uninhabitable
59(2)
Chapter 3 Water, Continents, and Organic Matter
61(32)
The Two Faces of the Earth's Crust
63(3)
The Fabulous Story Told by the Jack Hills Zircons
66(7)
The Atmosphere Between 4.4 and 4.0 Ga: An Outline
73(6)
From the Atmosphere to the Bottom of the Oceans: Was the Earth Rich in Organic Matter?
79(10)
Was a Niche for Life Available as Early as This?
89(4)
Chapter 4 Intermezzo: The Gestation of Life and its First Steps
93(62)
From Chemistry to Biology
96(4)
The Unavoidable Question: What is Life?
100(3)
The Origins of Metabolism
103(7)
The Origin of Genetic Systems
110(11)
The Origin of Compartments
121(3)
A Final Word on the Gestation of Life
124(5)
The Last Common Ancestor of All Existing Organisms: a Portrait
129(14)
The Earliest Diversification of Life
143(12)
Chapter 5 The Late Heavy Bombardment
155(12)
In Search of the Lost impacts
156(4)
Late, or Continuous, Bombardment? The Two Competing Scenarios
160(1)
The Late Heavy Bombardment: a Cataclysmic Scenario
161(3)
A Rain of Meteorites: The Consequences of the Late Heavy Bombardment
164(3)
Chapter 6 The Messages from the Oldest Terrestrial Rocks
167(44)
The Scattered Remnants of One of the Oldest Continents
169(3)
3.4 Billion Years Ago, in the Heart of a Vast Archaean Continent
172(2)
The Saga of the Oldest Archaean Continents
174(12)
Modeling the Terrestrial Atmosphere at 3.8 Ga
186(4)
The Archaean Oceans: Saline and Hot?
190(3)
The Earth's Machinery During the Archaean: Plate Tectonics Between 3.8 and 2.5 Ga
193(5)
A Newly Habitable and Already Inhabited Planet
198(4)
Traces of Ancient Life: Data and Controversies
202(9)
Chapter 7 A Planet Where Life Diversifies
211(30)
From the Primitive Earth to the Modern Earth
212(1)
Birth, Life and Death of an Ocean: the Wilson Cycle
213(2)
Ephemeral Giants: the Supercontinents and their Cycle
215(1)
The Crucial Consequences of the Supercontinent Cycle for the Earth's Environment
216(2)
The Appearance of Atmospheric Oxygen: a Revolutionary Event!
218(4)
Disruptive Events
222(7)
The Evolution of the Prokaryotes
229(1)
The Origin and Diversification of the Eukaryotes
230(11)
Chapter 8 Other Planets, Other Living Worlds?
241(22)
Life Elsewhere in the Solar System?
242(3)
Unexpected Worlds Beyond the Solar System: Exoplanets
245(2)
From "Hot Jupiters" to "Super-Earths"
247(2)
"Habitable" Exoplanets: Other Earths?
249(2)
The "Habitable Zone"
251(3)
"Biomarkers"
254(9)
Epilogue 263(4)
The Main Principles for Rock Classification 267(6)
The 14 Chronological Stages in the Origin of the Earth and Life 273(10)
Glossary 283(14)
Further Reading 297(2)
Figure Credits 299
Muriel Gargaud is an astrophysicist at the University of Bordeaux and at the CNRS. She is an experience editor and author in the field of astrobiology. Purificación López-Garcķa is a biologist and research director at the CNRS. Hervé Martin is a geologist and teaches at the University of Clermond-Ferrand. Thierry Montmerle is professor at the Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris. Robert Pascal is a chemist at the CNRS and at the University of Montpellier.