Biography |
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ix | |
Acknowledgements |
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xi | |
Introduction |
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xiii | |
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1 | (12) |
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1.1 Biscuits Are the First and Best Convenience Food |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 Categories of Biscuits |
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2 | (1) |
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1.3 Biscuit Making Process |
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2 | (10) |
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12 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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2 Ingredient Storage and Handling |
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13 | (16) |
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2.1 Bulk Deliveries of Dry and Liquid Ingredients |
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13 | (1) |
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2.2 Storage of Dry Bulk Materials |
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13 | (3) |
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16 | (1) |
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2.4 Delivery of Materials in Bags |
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17 | (1) |
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2.5 Sifting of Raw Materials |
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18 | (2) |
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20 | (1) |
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2.7 Material Recovered From Production |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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2.9 Storage of Liquid Materials |
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21 | (1) |
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2.10 Delivery of Ingredients to the Mixers |
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22 | (4) |
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26 | (3) |
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26 | (3) |
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29 | (10) |
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29 | (2) |
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31 | (8) |
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37 | (2) |
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39 | (6) |
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39 | (6) |
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44 | (1) |
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5 Dough Piece Forming: Biscuit Cutting Machine |
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45 | (14) |
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5.1 Cutting Machine Units |
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45 | (1) |
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5.2 Dough Sheeting Machines |
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46 | (2) |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (1) |
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5.5 Dough Piece Cutting and Scrap Dough Return |
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49 | (5) |
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54 | (1) |
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55 | (1) |
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55 | (4) |
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57 | (2) |
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6 Dough Piece Forming: Laminating |
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59 | (4) |
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6.1 Design and Configuration |
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59 | (3) |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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7 Dough Piece Forming: Rotary Moulding |
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63 | (4) |
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7.1 Rotary Moulding Process |
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63 | (2) |
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65 | (2) |
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66 | (1) |
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8 Dough Piece Forming: Depositing |
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67 | (8) |
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8.1 Depositing and Wire-Cutting Process |
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67 | (2) |
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69 | (1) |
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8.3 Filled and Two Dough Cookies |
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70 | (5) |
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73 | (2) |
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75 | (18) |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (2) |
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9.4 Direct and Indirect Heating |
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78 | (1) |
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9.5 Control of the Baking Process |
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78 | (1) |
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9.6 Direct Gas Fired Ovens |
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78 | (3) |
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81 | (1) |
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9.8 Indirect Radiant Ovens |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (2) |
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85 | (2) |
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87 | (1) |
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9.12 Conduction Heat Transfer |
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88 | (2) |
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9.13 Biscuit Transfer From the Oven Band |
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90 | (3) |
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91 | (2) |
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93 | (12) |
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93 | (2) |
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95 | (10) |
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103 | (2) |
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105 | (2) |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (2) |
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106 | (1) |
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12 Biscuit Cooling and Handling |
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107 | (6) |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (3) |
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12.3 Metal Detection and Check-Weighing |
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111 | (2) |
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111 | (2) |
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13 Biscuit Sandwiching and Chocolate Coating |
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113 | (14) |
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113 | (7) |
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120 | (7) |
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125 | (2) |
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127 | (18) |
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14.1 Types of Biscuit Packaging |
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127 | (1) |
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127 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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14.4 Modified Atmosphere Packaging |
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128 | (1) |
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14.5 Vertical Form Fill Seal Packaging |
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128 | (4) |
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132 | (2) |
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134 | (1) |
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134 | (1) |
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135 | (6) |
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141 | (4) |
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143 | (2) |
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145 | (20) |
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15.1 Production of Snack Crackers |
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145 | (3) |
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15.2 Production of Soda Crackers |
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148 | (6) |
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15.3 Production of Semi-sweet Biscuits |
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154 | (4) |
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15.4 Production of Moulded Short Dough Biscuits |
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158 | (3) |
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15.5 Production of a Chocolate Chip Cookie |
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161 | (4) |
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164 | (1) |
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16 Ingredients for Biscuits: An Introduction |
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165 | (8) |
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165 | (2) |
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167 | (2) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (3) |
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172 | (1) |
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17 Quality Control: An Introduction |
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173 | (14) |
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17.1 Scope of Quality Control |
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173 | (1) |
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173 | (1) |
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17.3 Equipment for Quality Checks of Ingredients and Process |
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174 | (5) |
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17.4 Baked Biscuit Checks |
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179 | (2) |
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181 | (6) |
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186 | (1) |
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187 | (10) |
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187 | (1) |
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187 | (1) |
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18.3 Specification of the Equipment for the Test Bakery |
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188 | (9) |
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195 | (2) |
Appendix 1 Suppliers of Ingredient Storage and Handling Equipment |
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197 | (4) |
Appendix 2 Manufacturers of Biscuit Production Equipment |
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201 | (8) |
Appendix 3 Chocolate Machine Manufacturers |
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209 | (2) |
Appendix 4 Packaging Machine and Equipment Manufacturers |
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211 | (6) |
Appendix 5 Quality Control Equipment |
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217 | (2) |
Appendix 6 Baking Industry Associations |
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219 | (2) |
Appendix 7 Biscuit Baking Courses |
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221 | (2) |
Index |
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223 | |