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E-grāmata: Cognitive and Social Neuroscience of Aging

4.50/5 (4 ratings by Goodreads)
(Brandeis University, Massachusetts)
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Cognitive and Social Neuroscience of AgingPalielināt
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Cognitive and Social Neuroscience of Aging is an introduction to how aging affects the brain, intended for audiences with some knowledge of psychology, aging, or neuroscience. The book includes figures illustrating brain regions so that extensive familiarity with neuroanatomy is not a pre-requisite. The depth of coverage also makes this book appropriate for those with considerable knowledge about aging. This book adopts an integrative perspective, including topics such as memory, cognition, cognitive training, emotion, and social processes. Topics include consideration of individual differences and the impact of disorders (e.g. Alzheimer's disease) on brain function with age. Although many declines occur with age, cognitive neuroscience research reveals plasticity and adaptation in the brain as a function of normal aging. This book is written with this perspective in mind, emphasizing the ways in which neuroscience methods have enriched and changed thinking about aging.

This book introduces readers to brain changes with age. It covers a breadth of abilities, from cognitive to social and emotional, and focuses on how research revealing the plasticity of the brain has changed thinking about aging. It does not assume an extensive background in neuroanatomy, by including many images.

Recenzijas

'This is, to my knowledge, the first student-focused distillation of the complex literature on cognitive and social neuroscience of aging. Unlike the typical multi-author book targeting professionals and graduate students, this textbook is truly focused on the needs of undergraduate students and the lay audience. In addition to clear and engaging descriptions of fundamental theories and data, the book provides basic summaries of relevant neuroscience and methodology topics, making it approachable by readers without a background on these domains. For this reason, this is also an ideal book for professional from related fields, who are curious about the exciting new discipline of cognitive and social neuroscience of aging.' Roberto Cabeza, Duke University, North Carolina 'Dr Gutchess describes mechanisms of social, affective, and cognitive change with clarity, defining key terms and explicating research methods. This is an accessible introduction for those new to the field and, with its breadth of coverage and integration of recent advances, a valuable reference for those working in the field.' Elizabeth Kensinger, Boston College, Massachusetts 'Gutchess masters the textbook challenge of balancing breadth and depth in this accessible, comprehensive, yet succinct, new volume. The reader is immersed in the excitement of human neuroscience approaches to aging that combine behavioral experiments and neural measures to understand what happens in the aging mind and brain. The text will delight instructors to teach and students to learn about the neuroscience of aging, and will be a tremendous asset to the field.' Patricia A. Reuter-Lorenz, University of Michigan

Papildus informācija

Integrates a neuroscience approach to study aging. In addition to covering standard cognitive functions, it incorporates socioemotional abilities.
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
1 Introduction to Cognitive and Social Neuroscience of Aging
1(19)
Learning Objectives
1(1)
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Theories of Cognitive Aging
2(2)
1.3 Cognitive Neuroscience of Aging Theories
4(3)
1.3.1 Increased Activity and Compensation with Age
4(2)
1.3.2 Changing Neural Responses to Task Demands
6(1)
1.3.3 Reduced Specificity of Neural Responses with Age
7(1)
1.4 Cognitive Neuroscience Methods
7(4)
1.4.1 Measures of Structural Integrity of the Brain
8(1)
1.4.2 Measures of Brain Function
9(2)
1.5 Recent Methodological Advances
11(5)
1.5.1 Structure--Behavior Relationships
11(2)
1.5.2 Structure--Function Relationships
13(1)
1.5.3 Resting State fMRI (rs-fMRI)
14(1)
1.5.4 Beta-Amyloid (AB)
14(1)
1.5.5 Neurotransmitters
15(1)
1.5.6 Future Directions
15(1)
1.6 Introduction to the Rest of the Book
16(4)
Chapter Summary
16(2)
Discussion Questions
18(1)
For Further Reading
18(1)
Key Terms
19(1)
2 Brain Mechanisms of Aging
20(32)
Learning Objectives
20(1)
2.1 Introduction
20(1)
2.2 Structural Changes in the Brain: Gray Matter
21(5)
2.2.1 Relationships between Gray Matter and Behavior
25(1)
2.3 Structural Changes in the Brain: White Matter
26(4)
2.3.1 Relationships between White Matter and Behavior
28(2)
2.4 Connectivity
30(2)
2.5 Default Mode Network
32(2)
2.6 Perception and Sensation
34(2)
2.7 Neurotransmitters
36(2)
2.8 Individual Differences
38(14)
2.8.1 Genes
38(1)
2.8.2 Intelligence
39(1)
2.8.3 Sex Differences
40(1)
2.8.4 Personality
41(3)
2.8.5 Stress
44(1)
2.8.6 Bilingualism
45(2)
2.8.7 Culture
47(2)
2.8.8 Summary
49(1)
Chapter Summary
49(1)
Discussion Questions
50(1)
For Further Reading
50(1)
Key Terms
51(1)
3 Cognition and Aging
52(36)
Learning Objectives
52(1)
3.1 Introduction
52(1)
3.2 Attention
53(4)
3.3 Executive Function
57(11)
3.4 Motor Control
68(2)
3.5 Language
70(4)
3.5.1 Language and Hearing Loss
73(1)
3.6 Training Cognitive Ability
74(14)
3.6.1 Physical Activity
75(4)
3.6.2 Meditation
79(2)
3.6.3 Cognitive Interventions
81(2)
3.6.4 Memory Training
83(2)
Chapter Summary
85(1)
Discussion Questions
86(1)
For Further Reading
86(1)
Key Terms
87(1)
4 Memory and Aging
88(32)
Learning Objectives
88(1)
4.1 Introduction
88(1)
4.2 Working Memory
88(5)
4.2.1 Inhibition in Working Memory
92(1)
4.3 Explicit Long-Term Memory
93(22)
4.3.1 Levels of Processing and Intentionality
94(2)
4.3.2 Subsequent Memory
96(1)
4.3.3 Recollection
97(2)
4.3.4 Source Memory
99(4)
4.3.5 Associative Memory and Binding
103(1)
4.3.6 Semantic Memory
104(1)
4.3.7 False Memory
105(3)
4.3.8 Autobiographical Memory
108(2)
4.3.9 Memory and Future Thinking
110(1)
4.3.10 Reactivation
111(1)
4.3.11 Controlled Processes in Long-Term Memory
112(1)
4.3.12 Pattern Separation
113(2)
4.4 Implicit Long-Term Memory
115(5)
Chapter Summary
117(1)
Discussion Questions
118(1)
For Further Reading
118(1)
Key Terms
119(1)
5 Emotion and Aging
120(23)
Learning Objectives
120(1)
5.1 Introduction
120(1)
5.2 Neural Regions Involved in Emotion
121(2)
5.3 Emotion Identification
123(2)
5.4 Emotion Regulation
125(4)
5.4.1 Life Satisfaction and Neural Activity with Age
129(1)
5.5 Socioemotional Selectivity Theory and Age
129(3)
5.6 Emotion and Memory
132(11)
5.6.1 fMRI Research
132(6)
5.6.2 ERP Research
138(2)
Chapter Summary
140(1)
Discussion Questions
141(1)
For Further Reading
141(1)
Key Terms
142(1)
6 Social Cognition and Aging
143(26)
Learning Objectives
143(1)
6.1 Introduction
143(1)
6.2 Self-Focused Processes
144(3)
6.3 Self-Referencing and Memory
147(3)
6.4 Own-Age Bias
150(2)
6.5 Stereotype Threat and Stigma
152(2)
6.6 Empathy and Theory of Mind
154(3)
6.7 Social Interactions
157(1)
6.8 Impression Formation
158(2)
6.9 Impression Formation and Memory
160(3)
6.10 Trust
163(2)
6.11 Conclusions
165(4)
Chapter Summary
167(1)
Discussion Questions
167(1)
For Further Reading
167(1)
Key Terms
168(1)
7 Alzheimer's Disease and Other Age-Related Disorders
169(26)
Learning Objectives
169(1)
7.1 Introduction
169(1)
7.2 AD
170(15)
7.2.1 Structural Changes in AD and aMCI
171(3)
7.2.2 Functional Changes in AD and aMCI
174(6)
7.2.3 Amyloid and Tau Imaging
180(3)
7.2.4 Genes
183(1)
7.2.5 Concluding Thoughts on AD
184(1)
7.3 Other Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases
185(2)
7.4 Social Cognition across Neurodegenerative Disorders
187(3)
7.5 Depression
190(5)
Chapter Summary
193(1)
Discussion Questions
193(1)
For Further Reading
193(1)
Key Terms
194(1)
8 Current and Future Directions
195(23)
Learning Objectives
195(1)
8.1 Introduction
195(1)
8.2 Decision Making and Reward
195(9)
8.2.1 Reward and Economic Tasks
196(3)
8.2.2 Gambling Tasks
199(2)
8.2.3 Economic Decision Making in a Social Context
201(1)
8.2.4 Future Directions in Decision Making and Reward
202(2)
8.3 Neuromodulation
204(7)
8.3.1 Overview
204(2)
8.3.2 Neuromodulation Studies of Normal Aging
206(3)
8.3.3 Neuromodulation Studies of Age-Related Disorders
209(2)
8.4 Emerging Directions
211(7)
8.4.1 Studying Aging across the Life Span
211(1)
8.4.2 Exploring the Distinction of Socioemotional and Cognitive Domains
212(1)
8.4.3 Contribution of Context to Aging
213(2)
Chapter Summary
215(1)
Discussion Questions
216(1)
For Further Reading
216(1)
Key Terms
217(1)
Bibliography 218(59)
Index 277
Angela Gutchess is an Associate Professor of Psychology at Brandeis University, Massachusetts, with appointments in Neuroscience and the Volen Center for Complex Systems. She received her Ph.D. in Psychology from the University of Michigan and her B.A./B.S. from Boston University. Her research investigates the influence of age and culture on memory and social cognition, using behavioral, neuroimaging (fMRI), electrophysiological (ERP), and patient (aMCI) methods. She has authored over sixty peer-reviewed papers on these topics. Her research has been funded by National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Science Foundation (NSF), American Federation for Aging Research (AFAR), and the Alzheimer's Association. As a Fulbright Scholar, she had the opportunity to spend a research semester in Istanbul at Bogazici University. Dr Gutchess was elected to the Memory Disorders Research Society. She currently serves as an Associate Editor for the journals Memory and Memory & Cognition, is an incoming Associate Editor at the Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, and serves as a Consulting Editor for Psychology and Aging and Culture and Brain.
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