Preface to the Third Edition |
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xvii | |
Preface to the Second Edition |
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xix | |
Preface to the First Edition |
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xxi | |
Acknowledgments |
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xxiii | |
Introduction |
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xxv | |
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3 | (42) |
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3 | (4) |
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7 | (25) |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (5) |
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13 | (8) |
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Electrochemical Corrosion |
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21 | (2) |
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23 | (5) |
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28 | (2) |
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30 | (2) |
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32 | (6) |
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32 | (2) |
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34 | (4) |
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38 | (1) |
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Additional Recommended Reading |
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38 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (6) |
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45 | (10) |
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45 | (5) |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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52 | (1) |
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52 | (3) |
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55 | (2) |
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56 | (1) |
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4 Corrosion by Biological Sources |
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57 | (22) |
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57 | (3) |
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60 | (14) |
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60 | (3) |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (6) |
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70 | (1) |
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71 | (2) |
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73 | (1) |
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Additional Recommended Reading |
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74 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (4) |
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79 | (4) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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81 | (1) |
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81 | (2) |
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83 | (6) |
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Additional Recommended Reading |
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87 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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87 | (1) |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (8) |
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Additional Recommended Reading |
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95 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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95 | (1) |
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95 | (2) |
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97 | (10) |
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Porosity and Surface Area |
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97 | (3) |
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100 | (1) |
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101 | (4) |
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Additional Recommended Reading |
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105 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (2) |
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107 | (18) |
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107 | (1) |
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Mathematical Representation |
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108 | (4) |
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112 | (7) |
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Additional Recommended Reading |
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119 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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119 | (1) |
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119 | (2) |
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Summary of Important Concepts Related to the Fundamentals of Corrosion |
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121 | (4) |
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Section II Corrosion Analysis |
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10 Assessment of Corrosion |
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125 | (8) |
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125 | (1) |
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Laboratory Test versus Field Trials |
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125 | (2) |
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Sample Selection and Preparation |
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127 | (2) |
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Selection of Test Conditions |
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129 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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131 | (1) |
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131 | (2) |
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11 Corrosion Test Procedures |
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133 | (18) |
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133 | (6) |
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139 | (9) |
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Autoclave Expansion of Portland Cement, C-151 |
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139 | (1) |
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Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortars and Concrete, C-157 |
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140 | (1) |
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Resistance of Glass Containers to Chemical Attack, C-225 |
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140 | (1) |
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Chemical Resistance of Mortars, Grouts, and Monolithic Surfacings, C-267 |
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140 | (1) |
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Acid Resistance of Porcelain Enamels, C-282 |
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140 | (1) |
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Resistance of Porcelain Enameled Utensils to Boiling Acid, C-283 |
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141 | (1) |
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Disintegration of Refractories in an Atmosphere of Carbon Monoxide, C-288 |
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141 | (1) |
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Moisture Expansion of Fired Whiteware Products, C-370 |
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141 | (1) |
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Absorption of Chemical-Resistant Mortars, Grouts, and Monolithic Surfacings, C-413 |
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141 | (1) |
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Potential Expansion of Portland-Cement Mortars Exposed to Sulfate, C-452 |
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141 | (1) |
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Disintegration of Carbon Refractories by Alkali, C-454 |
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142 | (1) |
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Hydration Resistance of Basic Brick and Shapes, C-456 |
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142 | (1) |
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Hydration of Granular Dead-Burned Refractory Dolomite, C-492 |
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142 | (1) |
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Hydration of Magnesite or Periclase Grain, C-544 |
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142 | (1) |
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Resistance of Overglaze Decorations to Attack by Detergents, C-556; Withdrawn 1994 |
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142 | (1) |
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Permeability of Refractories, C-577 |
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142 | (1) |
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Alkali Resistance of Porcelain Enamels, C-614 |
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143 | (1) |
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Hydration Resistance of Pitch-Bearing Refractory Brick, C-620 |
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143 | (1) |
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Isothermal Corrosion Resistance of Refractories to Molten Glass, C-621 |
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143 | (1) |
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Corrosion Resistance of Refractories to Molten Glass Using the Basin Furnace, C-622; Withdrawn in 2000 |
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143 | (1) |
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Resistance of Ceramic Tile to Chemical Substances, C-650 |
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143 | (1) |
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Alkali Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on Returnable Beverage Glass Containers, C-675 |
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144 | (1) |
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Detergent Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on Glass Tableware, C-676 |
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144 | (1) |
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Acid Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on Architectural Type Glass, C-724 |
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144 | (1) |
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Acid Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on Returnable Beer and Beverage Glass Containers, C-735 |
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144 | (1) |
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Lead and Cadmium Extracted from Glazed Ceramic Surfaces, C-738 |
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144 | (1) |
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Drip Slag Testing Refractory Brick at High Temperature, C-768 |
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145 | (1) |
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Sulfide Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on Glass, C-777 |
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145 | (1) |
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Evaluating Oxidation Resistance of Silicon Carbide Refractories at Elevated Temperatures, C-863 |
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145 | (1) |
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Lead and Cadmium Release from Porcelain Enamel Surfaces, C-872 |
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145 | (1) |
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Rotary Slag Testing of Refractory Materials, C-874 |
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145 | (1) |
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Lead and Cadmium Extracted from Glazed Ceramic Tile, C-895 |
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146 | (1) |
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Lead and Cadmium Extracted from Lip and Rim Area of Glass Tumblers Externally Decorated with Ceramic Glass Enamels, C-927 |
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146 | (1) |
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Alkali Vapor Attack on Refractories for Glass-Furnace Superstructures, C-987 |
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146 | (1) |
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Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate Solution, C-1012 |
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146 | (1) |
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Lead and Cadmium Extracted from Glazed Ceramic Cookware, C-1034; Withdrawn in 2001 |
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146 | (1) |
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Chemical Resistance and Physical Properties of Carbon Brick, C-1106 |
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146 | (1) |
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Quantitative Determination of Alkali Resistance of a Ceramic-Glass Enamel, C-1203 |
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147 | (1) |
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Static Leaching of Monolithic Waste Forms for Disposal of Radioactive Waste, C-1220 |
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147 | (1) |
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Chemical Durability of Nuclear, Hazardous, and Mixed Waste Glasses and Multiphase Glass-Ceramics: The Product Consistency Test (PCT), C-1285 |
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147 | (1) |
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Accelerated Leach Test for Diffusive Releases from Solidified Waste and a Computer Program to Model Diffusive, Fractional Leaching from Cylindrical Waste Forms, C-1308 |
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147 | (1) |
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Determining the Chemical Resistance of Aggregates for Use in Chemical-Resistant Sulfur Polymer Cement Concrete and Other Chemical-Resistant Polymer Concretes, C-1370 |
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147 | (1) |
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Atmospheric Environmental Exposure Testing of Nonmetallic Materials, G-7 |
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147 | (1) |
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Performing Accelerated Outdoor Weathering of Nonmetallic Materials Using Concentrated Natural Sunlight, G-90 |
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148 | (1) |
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148 | (1) |
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Additional Recommended Reading |
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149 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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149 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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12 Characterization Methods |
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151 | (16) |
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151 | (1) |
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152 | (1) |
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152 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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Microstructure and Phase Analysis |
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153 | (5) |
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153 | (1) |
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154 | (1) |
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Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy |
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155 | (1) |
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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance |
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156 | (1) |
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Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy |
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156 | (1) |
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Transmission Electron Microscopy |
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157 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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Physical Property Measurement |
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158 | (4) |
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158 | (1) |
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Mechanical Property Tests |
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159 | (1) |
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159 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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Thermal Property Measurement |
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161 | (1) |
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Additional Recommended Reading |
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162 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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162 | (1) |
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163 | (4) |
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Section III Corrosion of Specific Materials |
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13 Architectural Materials |
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167 | (12) |
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Cement, Concrete, Limestone, and Marble |
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167 | (7) |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (1) |
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Additional Recommended Reading |
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176 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (2) |
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14 Biologically Corroded Materials |
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179 | (34) |
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179 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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181 | (8) |
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181 | (3) |
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184 | (3) |
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187 | (2) |
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189 | (4) |
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193 | (6) |
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193 | (5) |
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198 | (1) |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (1) |
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199 | (2) |
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201 | (2) |
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Additional Recommended Reading |
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203 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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204 | (1) |
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204 | (9) |
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15 Specific Crystalline Materials |
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213 | (76) |
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213 | (27) |
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213 | (1) |
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Alumina-Containing Materials |
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214 | (3) |
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217 | (4) |
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Zirconia-Containing Materials |
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221 | (1) |
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Attack by Aqueous Solutions |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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223 | (1) |
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224 | (2) |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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Zirconia-Containing Materials |
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228 | (1) |
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229 | (1) |
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229 | (4) |
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233 | (3) |
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236 | (1) |
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236 | (4) |
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240 | (31) |
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241 | (2) |
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243 | (1) |
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244 | (1) |
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244 | (9) |
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253 | (2) |
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255 | (6) |
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261 | (2) |
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263 | (1) |
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263 | (2) |
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265 | (1) |
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266 | (1) |
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Chrome-Containing Materials |
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267 | (1) |
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Magnesia-Containing Materials |
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267 | (1) |
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268 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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270 | (1) |
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271 | (1) |
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271 | (2) |
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271 | (1) |
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272 | (1) |
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272 | (1) |
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273 | (1) |
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Additional Recommended Reading |
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273 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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274 | (1) |
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275 | (14) |
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16 Specific Glassy Materials |
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289 | (26) |
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289 | (1) |
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289 | (5) |
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Chalcogenide-Halide Glasses |
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294 | (1) |
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295 | (1) |
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296 | (2) |
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Nitrogen-Containing Glasses |
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298 | (1) |
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Phosphorus-Containing Glasses |
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298 | (2) |
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300 | (8) |
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Additional Recommended Reading |
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308 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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308 | (1) |
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308 | (7) |
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315 | (44) |
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315 | (3) |
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318 | (5) |
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318 | (2) |
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Fiber Coatings or Interphases |
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320 | (2) |
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322 | (1) |
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322 | (1) |
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Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMC) |
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323 | (18) |
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323 | (1) |
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323 | (2) |
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Other Oxide-Matrix Composites |
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325 | (5) |
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Nonoxide-Matrix Composites |
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330 | (1) |
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330 | (1) |
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331 | (10) |
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Metal Matrix Composites (MMC) |
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341 | (5) |
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Polymer Matrix Composites (PMC) |
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346 | (1) |
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Additional Recommended Reading |
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347 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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347 | (1) |
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348 | (11) |
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Section IV Properties and Corrosion |
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359 | (12) |
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359 | (3) |
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362 | (6) |
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362 | (1) |
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363 | (5) |
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Additional Recommended Reading |
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368 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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368 | (1) |
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369 | (2) |
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19 Degradation by Specific Environments |
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371 | (20) |
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Degradation by Aqueous Solutions |
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371 | (4) |
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371 | (1) |
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372 | (3) |
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375 | (1) |
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Degradation by Molten Metals |
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375 | (1) |
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Degradation by Molten Salts |
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376 | (2) |
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376 | (2) |
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Zirconia-Containing Materials |
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378 | (1) |
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378 | (5) |
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378 | (4) |
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382 | (1) |
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Degradation by Other Atmospheres |
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383 | (1) |
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383 | (1) |
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Zirconia-Containing Materials |
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384 | (1) |
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Additional Recommended Reading |
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384 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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385 | (1) |
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385 | (6) |
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Section V Minimization of Corrosion |
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20 Methods to Minimize Corrosion |
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391 | (14) |
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391 | (1) |
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Crystalline Materials---Oxides |
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392 | (4) |
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392 | (3) |
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External Methods of Improvement |
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395 | (1) |
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Crystalline Materials---Nonoxides |
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396 | (4) |
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396 | (2) |
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External Methods of Improvement |
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398 | (2) |
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400 | (1) |
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400 | (1) |
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External Methods of Improvement |
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400 | (1) |
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Exercises, Questions, and Problems |
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401 | (1) |
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401 | (4) |
Epilogue |
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405 | (4) |
Glossary of Terms |
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409 | (4) |
Index |
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413 | |